5,248 research outputs found
Physician Dual Practice: Access Enhancement or Demand Inducement?
No full textIn many developing countries, the majority of physicians employed in government clinics also have a private practice. We develop a simple model to show that allowing dual practice helps low-income governments retain skilled physicians to assure patient access. If dual-practice providers differentially refer higher-income patients to private practice, public funding becomes more effectively targeted on the poor. Yet dual practice physicians may also skimp on effort, pilfer supplies, and induce demand. Patterns of care-seeking in Indonesia, especially disproportionate use of private providers by the urban poor, are consistent with exacerbated incentive for physician self-referral to private practice in urban areas.
sj-docx-1-mcr-10.1177_10775587231194658 – Supplemental material for Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Four Advanced Primary Care Redesign Initiatives on Medicare Expenditures
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-mcr-10.1177_10775587231194658 for Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Four Advanced Primary Care Redesign Initiatives on Medicare Expenditures by Kevin W. Smith, Eva Chang, Elliott Liebling and Anupa Bir in Medical Care Research and Review</p
Enformasyon Bilimlerine Fütüristik Bir Yaklaşım
No full textIn the Information Age, the amount of unique information created every year reaches a level high enough to fill the American Library of Congress 37,000 times and 92% of this bulk is recorded on magnetic media. For the upcoming younger generation, information recorded on paper is “out of coverage area.” They tend to reach information on the spot, via some intelligent informational agents. Thus, they think information that cannot be accessed in increasingly shorter periods of time is not worth accessing. Traditional functions, like presentation of information, trusted information storage, maintaining authenticity and conservation, expected to be fulfilled by information professionals, are becoming increasingly electronic focused, in parallel to the changing world. The level of technical information infrastructure required to fulfill these functions in an electronic environment, on the other hand, has reached a level that requires information sciences to turn into an “information engineering.” Setting out from these changes, this paper questions the ratio of technological aspects to be taught during the education of information professionals and concludes that the place that this education should take place should be reconsidered
Independence or Development?: An Overview of TurkeyÃs Foreign Language Education Policies
No full textMany countries have long had two sorts of interests; on the one hand, they have had to remain independent via protecting and promoting their official languages as a powerful symbol of their identities, and on the other hand, they have had to enable technological and economic development, which essentially involves international communication, usually by means of a foreign language. These two sorts of interests have often posed a dilemma for those countries and their peoples, because protecting and promoting identities have often implied closed and egocentric policies while international communication has involved more open and other-conscious policies. In todayÃs world, this dilemma is even more highlighted because of the so-called "globalization", which is taking place. In this article, I will present this dilemma by focussing on one country, Turkey, and its foreign language education policies. An historical account of the countryÃs interaction with other languages (than Turkish) will precede a presentation of the recent shape the recurring dilemma took, namely, teaching foreign languages versus teaching in a foreign language, in the daily national papers and publications in the1989 and 1997 discussions. I will then make personal suggestions of conduct for decision-makers in Turkey and other countries facing the same dilemma.Turkey, foreign language education, language planning
Zalimane Bir İdam Hükmü
No full textThis book, titled "A Tyrannical Death Sentence" (Zalimane Bir İdam Hükmü), presents the historical memoirs and observations of author Ebubekir Hâzım Tepeyran, who served in high-level state positions. Published by Holistence Publications in July 2022 (E-ISBN: 978-625-8048-09-4), the work focuses particularly on the Turkish National Struggle period. Tepeyran narrates his own arrest while serving as the Governor of Bursa for defending the Kuva-yı Milliye (National Forces) movement and his subsequent trial in the "Nemrut" military courts, while also critically describing a "source of calamities" era in which the Sultan and the government inflicted greater cruelty on their own people than the foreign enemies during the occupation of Istanbul, even sending their own subjects to prisons in enemy territory. The work offers a first-hand, striking account of the political and legal chaos, occupation, and persecution experienced during that critical time.Bu kitap, devletin en yüksek kademelerinde çeşitli görevlerde bulunmuş olan yazar Ebubekir Hâzım Tepeyran'ın anılarını ve gözlemlerini aktaran, "Zalimane Bir İdam Hükmü" başlıklı tarihi bir eserdir. Holistence Publications tarafından Temmuz 2022'de yayımlanan (E-ISBN: 978-625-8048-09-4) bu çalışma, özellikle Milli Mücadele dönemine odaklanmaktadır. Tepeyran, Bursa valisi olduğu sırada Kuva-yı Milliye hareketini savunduğu için tutuklanmasını ve "Nemrut" lakaplı divanıharplerdeki yargılama sürecini anlatırken, aynı zamanda İstanbul'un işgal altında olduğu bir dönemde padişah ve hükümetin kendi halkına yabancı düşmanlardan daha fazla zulmederek, hatta kendi tebaasını düşman zindanlarına gönderdiği "felaketler kaynağı" bir dönemi eleştirel bir dille aktarmaktadır. Eser, dönemin siyasi ve hukuki karmaşasını, yaşanan işgal ve zulüm acılarını birinci elden, çarpıcı bir dille okuyucuya sunmaktadır
Measuring Selection Incentives in Managed Care: Evidence From the Massachusetts State Employee Insurance Program
No full textCapitation gives insurers incentive to manipulate their offerings to attract the healthy and deter the sick. We calculate the incentives for such service-specific quality distortions using managed care medical and pharmacy spending data for fiscal years 2001 and 2002 from the Massachusetts State Employee Insurance Program. Services most vulnerable to stinting are cardiac care, diabetes care, and mental health and substance abuse services. Empirically, the financial temptation to distort service quality increases nonlinearly with supply-side cost sharing. Our empirical results highlight how selection incentives work at cross-purposes with efforts to reward excellent chronic disease management. Initiatives coupling pay-for-performance with risk adjustment and mixed payment hold promise for aligning incentives with quality improvement. Copyright (c) The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 2009.
Measuring Selection Incentives in Managed Care: Evidence from the Massachusetts State Employee Insurance Program
No full textHealth economists and policymakers have long recognized that capitation gives insurers incentive to manipulate their offerings to deter the sick and attract the healthy. The shadow-price ap- proach to measuring such selection incentives was pioneered by Frank, Glazer and McGuire (2000). We extend their model to allow for partial capitation and nonfinancial concerns of insurers. We calculate three kinds of selection metrics using managed care medical and pharmacy spending data for fiscal years 2001 and 2002 from the Massachusetts state employee insurance program. Financial returns to risk selection are high, as indicated by all three selection indices as well as by the direct profits an insurer could earn if it could exclude unprofitable patients. Empirically, the financial temptation to distort service quality increases non- linearly with supply-side cost sharing. The more an insurer di- rectly values quality or patient benefit relative to profit, the less severe risk selection incentives become.risk selection; managed health care; shadow price; mixed payment
A Translation and Study of Three Treatises on Musical Instruments, Translated from Greek into Arabic in the Abbasid Period
No full textBu tezde ele aldığımız Müzik aletlerine ilişkin üç risale, Abbasi dönemindeki
çeviri hareketinin ilk meyvelerinden biridir. Beytülhikme döneminde bilinmeyen bir
çevirmen tarafından tercüme edilen bu risalelerin Yunanca metinleri henüz
bulunamamıştır. Mütercim, risalelerin Grekçe orijinallerinin yazarı olarak مورسطس
(Mūr-s-ṭ-s) adını vermektedir. Yazarın ismini “Moritos” ve “Muristos” şeklinde
okuyan araştırmacılar olsa da Grekçede isim olarak hiçbir anlam ifade etmeyen bu
transkriptin, kullanılmamasının daha doğru olacağını düşünerek Arapça yazılışını
kullanmayı tercih ettik.
Grekçeleri günümüze kadar ulaşmayan Antik Yunan’a ait kimi eserlerin
Arapça tercümeleri sayesinde Dünya kültür hayatında yer alması büyük önemi
haizdir. İşte tezimizde ele aldığımız risaleler, bu kabil eserlerden olup, bir kat daha
önem kazanmaktadır.
Ayrıca bu risalelerde konu edinilen, org, organ ve orgonum diye
isimlendirilen hava ile çalışan aletin İslam Medeniyeti’nin ilk dönemlerinde
tanıtılmasını sağlamıştır. Daha sonra bu risaleler, İslam’da müzik ve müzik aletleri
konusunda özgün çalışma yapılmasında da önayak olmuştur. Abbasi döneminin
önemli tercümanları tarafından çevrilen مورسطس Risaleleri ve orgu sürekli
anılmıştır. 19. Asırdan itibaren Batılı oryantalistler, مورسطس 'un risaleleri ile
ilgilenmiş ve özellikle Müslümanların org konusundaki çalışmaları hakkında çok
önemli incelemeler yapmışlardır.risaleleri hakkında bildiğimiz kadarıyla Türkçe bir inceleme ya da
çeviri bulunmamaktadır. İslam bilim tarihinde özellikle müzik konusunda çok sayıda
çalışma olmadığını da gözönünde bulundurarak tezimizde, مورسطس risalelerini
Türkçeye çevirerek, metnin anlaşılmasına yönelik sadeleştirme ve teknik açıklamalar
getirmeye çalışılarak İslam bilim tarihide yeni bir araştırma alanı oluşturmaya gayret
ettik.three treatises on musical instruments discussed in this thesis are one of
the first fruits of the translation movement in the Abbasid period. The fact that the
Greek text of these treatises, which were translated by an unknown translator during
the period of Bayt al-Hikma "The House of Wisdom", have not been found yet. The
translator calls مورسط س (Mūrsṭs) as the author of the Greek originals of the
treatises. Although there are researchers who read the author's name as "Moritos" and
"Muristos", so considering that this transcript has no meaning as a name in Greek, we
preferred to use the Arabic spelling.
It is of great importance that some works belonging to Ancient Greece,
whose Greek texts did not survive until today, have a place in the world cultural life
thanks to their Arabic translations. In fact the treatises we have dealt with in our
thesis are among such works, so they have become more important. In addition, these
treatises introduced the air-operated instrument called organ, organ and orgonum,
which was the subject of these treatises, in the early periods of Islamic Civilization.
Later, these treatises have also led to original works on music and musical
instruments in Islam. The treatises of مورسط س and organ, translated by important
translators of the Abbasid period, were constantly commemorated. Since the 19th
century, Western orientalists have dealt with the treatises of مورسط س and have made
very important studies, especially about the work of Muslims on organ.
As far as we know about مورسط س treatises, there is no Turkish study or
translation. Considering that there is not a large number of studies in the history of Islamic science especially in music, In our thesis, we tried to create a new research
field in Islamic history of science by translating مورسطس treatises into Turkish and
trying to bring simplification and technical explanations to make more understanding
of the text
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