1,720,959 research outputs found
Assessment of Participatory Varietal Selection of wheat activity Under CRP1.1 Dryland system
No full textAssessment of Participatory Varietal Selection of wheat activity Under CRP1.1 Dryland systems. Wheat is the staple crop of Pakistan being consumed and grown all over the Pakistan in all cropping systems. National and international breeding programs are continuously developing the new varieties. There is some success in disseminating modern varieties based on high yield potential through seed companies and extension system with certain level of adoption lag. In the varietal development, seed production and distribution system farmers’ participation is minimal. Farmer participation in breeding programs or varietal selection was negligible in Pakistan. Under, CRP dry land system a demonstration trial at farmer field in order to select the best variety by the farmers was established. The present study is based on Participatory varietal selection carried out at two activity cluster at Chakwal site. Participatory selection process was initiated from the vegetative stage to maturity on field demonstration trials managed by farmers. The social sciences team collected data and documented feedback from the farmer both at initial and maturity stages. At the final stage a Farmer Field Day was arranged for participatory varietal selection (PVS). The purpose of PVS farmer field days was to give awareness to the farmer about the new crop verities and management practices package in addition to evaluate the varieties. Another objective was to involve farmers and ensure their participation from start till the end i.e., harvesting so that the farmer can see, observe and evaluate the varieties. For this purpose a FFD was organized on the same field at vegetative stage and then at maturity stage. Farmers were distributed in groups and then taken to field where crops were shown to them. Farmers evaluated the varieties on the different agronomic parameters that include plant height, disease infestation, no of tillers, stem length, spike length, number of grains, grain size, and expected yield in mounds/acre. Among wheat varieties AAS-2011 was top ranked at resilience cluster as well as at the intensification cluster while Dhurabi was ranked second. Among lentil varieties at resilience locations, Masoor 2002 was ranked first and Markaz 09 second. The consumer preferences by women for wheat flour, preparation of loaves and bread revealed that Dhurabi was the best wheat variety in terms of taste and preferences for preparation of bread
Capacity building of women of farming community for value-addition to locally-produced fruits and vegetables
No full textthe objective of this training course was to give an Introduction on value-added products produced from locally-grown fruits and vegetables for longer shelf life, income savings and nutritional diets
Farmer Field Days for Participatory Selection of Promising Wheat and Lentil Cultivars
No full textFarmer field days for participatory selection of promising Wheat and Lentil Cultivars, Pakistan.
Wheat, chickpea and lentil are important crops to ensure food and nutritional security in dryland region. However, yield of these are low. Farmers plant local varieties using their own unimproved seeds. Low crop yield affects livelihood of these low income group farming communities majority of who have limited livelihood beyond agriculture. Increasing population and shrinking land and other resources indicate that crop yields in barani areas will have to increase per unit area on a sustainable basis to ensure food and nutritional security.
Participatory varietal selection was therefore planned under CRP Dryland Systems to assist rural farming communities under CRP DS by providing them chance to select the most promising cultivars through on-farm PVS trials at representative locations in Chakwal-the hub of the rainfed region. The major objective was to identify promising crop varieties to increase resilience and improved use of marginal lands for crop production. 102 male and 48 female farmers participated in the varietal selection process. The field days effectively involved all stakeholders i.e. farmers, extension agents and scientists in the variety selection process. The idea was new to the communities as they were never involved in the varietal selection process earlier by any organization and was highly appreciated. The active involvement of rural women for evaluation of wheat cooking quality was greatly welcomed and will also pave way for greater women participation in such activities
Establishment of Seed Plots by Participatory Entrepreneurs
No full textWheat and lentil are important crops to ensure food and nutritional security in dryland region. However, yield of these crops is quite low. Farmers plant local varieties using their own unimproved seeds. Low crop yield affects livelihood of these low income group farming communities majority of who have limited livelihood beyond agriculture. Increasing population and shrinking land and other resources indicate that crop yields in barani areas will have to increase per unit area on a sustainable basis to ensure food and nutritional security.
Improved crop cultivars have been developed by NARS and were selected by farmers for their ecologies during the last season. However, their adoption would depend on availability of quality seed. After training of partner farmers in seed processing and training, the farmers were provided assistance in establishing seed increase plots of most promising cultivar of wheat and lentil in their ecologies under CRP Dryland Systems to enable farmers to work as seed entrepreneurs in dryland areas.
The seed entrepreneurs planted wheat cultivar “Dharabi-11) on six acres and lentil cultivar “Markaz-09” on two acres. During the process, farmers learned various skills to avoid mixing of other varieties seed which are usually present in seed drills. Moreover, selection of the fields with low weed infestation would also help them to produce quality seed. The assistance and support provided under the project is expected to help rural farming communities to produce quality seed in their own areas not only for themselves but also for the nearby communities and is expected to help them increase crop yields, resilience and farmers income
Involvement of Rural Women in Field Activities
No full textWomen are an actively involved component of rural life in dryland areas. They play key role in various agricultural operations such as harvesting of fodder and it’s feeding to livestock, milking of animals, making farm yard manure cakes for using as fuel, harvesting of wheat etc. However, their services are hardly recognized. They are rarely provided any opportunity to share their experiences and capabilities. Realizing the need, CRP Dryland Systems therefore, provided them an opportunity to evaluate cooking quality of various promising wheat cultivars that were evaluated at farmers fields under the project
Farmers Training on Informal Seed Production of Wheat and Lentil
No full textWheat and lentil are important crops to ensure food and nutritional security in dryland region. However, yield of these crops is quite low. Farmers plant local varieties using their own unimproved seeds. Low crop yield affects livelihood of these low income group farming communities majority of who have limited livelihood beyond agriculture. Increasing population and shrinking land and other resources indicate that crop yields in barani areas will have to increase per unit area on a sustainable basis to ensure food and nutritional security.
Improved crop cultivars have been developed by NARS and were selected by farmers for their ecologies during the last season. However, their adoption would depend on availability of quality seed. There is no seed company operating in dryland areas, therefore, informal seed production was the preferred choice. Farmers’ training in informal seed production was therefore, planned under CRP Dryland Systems to develop capacity of rural farming communities produce quality seed for themselves as well as for their nearby farmers. This activity was a continuity of the last season effort whereby the local farming communities had selected the most suited wheat and lentil cultivar for their areas through participatory varietal selection on-farm trials in Chakwal. The consultations with farmers lead to selection of four community members suitable for training as seed entrepreneur.
The one day training session was organized at BARI Chakwal on July 05, 2015. The event targeted capacity development of the selected farmers (04) on informal seed production of wheat and lentil. Farmers were demonstrated various practices whereby they could maintain purity of the seed once they are able to get certified seed of the cultivar of their choice. It was agreed that the session would be followed by supervised sowing of seed increase plots of one selected variety each of Wheat (3 acres, Dharabi-11) and lentil (1 acre, Markaz-09) at selected fields of trained farmers, field visits during crop growing season to provide on-site assistance to these farmers in informal seed production. The successful implementation of the activity will help rural farming communities to produce quality seed in their own areas not only for themselves but also for the nearby communities and is expected to help them increase crop yields, resilience and farmers income
Improvement in Knowledge and Skill of Rural Farming Communities in Dryland Areas
No full textFarming communities in dryland areas are amongst the poorest segments of the country with limited livelihoods outside agriculture. Poverty limits their access to improved knowledge of agricultural innovations. The agricultural institutions too face financial constraints & therefore often have no or limited outreach programs. The areas are prone to land degradation resulting in low productivity and profitability of the poor farmers.
CRP Dryland Systems realizing this issue especially focused on improvement of knowledge and skills of the participatory farmers and rural agricultural communities with a view to develop their capacity so that they are able to benefit from the latest agricultural innovations. The program targeted technology demonstrations, involvement of rural women and their trainings
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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