74 research outputs found
Nuoret luupin alla – koulukysely: 6.- ja 9.-luokkalaisten hyvinvointi, osallisuus ja vaikutusmahdollisuudet Varsinais-Suomessa
No full textKäsillä oleva raportti on vuonna 2008 toteutetun 6.- ja 9.-luokkalaisten varsinaissuomalaisten lasten ja nuorten valtaa, vaikutusvaltaa, hyvinvointia ja osallisuutta laajasti selvittäneen tutkimushankkeen loppuraportti. Hanketta on rahoittanut Länsi-Suomen lääninhallitus ja sen on toteuttanut kokonaisuudessaan Turun yliopiston alaisuudessa toimiva Turun lapsi- ja nuorisotutkimuskeskus. Hankkeen vastuuhenkilönä toimi tutkimuskoordinaattori Leena Haanpää ja käytännön toteutuksesta hänen lisäkseen vastasivat tutkija Mervi Tiensuu-Tsiopoulos, amanuenssi Camilla Ehrs sekä tutkimusjohtaja Hanna Lagström.Tutkimusaineiston tilastollisesta käsittelystä vastasi statistikko Anne Kaljonen.
Tutkimustietoa lasten ja nuorten elämästä tarvitaan niin päätöksenteon, lasten ja nuorten kanssa työtään tekevien toiminnan tueksi kuin lasten ja nuorten oman äänen esiin saamiseksi. On tärkeää saada tietoa siitä, miten nuoret kokevat siirtymävaiheet esimerkiksi alakoulusta yläkouluun tai yläkoulusta toisen asteen koulutukseen. Mitä muutoksia nuoressa ja hänen suhteissaan vanhempiin, ikätovereihin ja yhteiskuntaan tapahtuu nuoren edetessä koulutaipaleella? Onko muutos samanlaista tytöillä ja pojilla tai suomen- ja ruotsinkielisillä? Panostukset lasten ja nuorten elämään tässä hetkessä kantavat hedelmää tulevaisuuden aikuisten hyvinvoinnille. Perusta elämälle luodaan lapsuudessa ja nuoruudessa, sillä elämäntavat, koulutuspäätökset ja sitä kautta aikuisuuden elämänura rakennetaan nuorena.
Tämä Turun lapsi- ja nuorisotutkimuskeskuksen raportti nostaa esille lasten ja nuorten oma äänen monilta elämänalueilta. Toistaiseksi suomalaisten nuorten aikuisten elämää laajasti kartoittavaa tutkimusta on tehty vielä vähän. Siksi Nuoret luupin alla -tutkimushanketta on tarkoitus jatkaa laajentamalla sitä toisen asteen oppilaitoksissa toteutettavaksi, sillä aikuisuuden kynnyksellä olevien nuorten äänen kuuleminen on myös tarpeen.Siirretty Doriastaei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Identification of biological and environmental risk factors for language delay – The Let's Talk STEPS study
No full textDisability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis compared with traumatic brain injury using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 and the International Classification of Functioning minimal generic set
No full textUtility of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule and the World Health Organization minimal generic set of domains of functioning and health in spinal cord injury
No full textObjective: To compare easy-to-use International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)-based measures of functioning with the level and severity of spinal cord injury.Methods: Cross-sectional study. Patients (n = 142) and their significant others completed the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) questionnaire. A physician at the university hospital outpatient clinic assessed functioning with the 7-item World Health Organization (WHO) minimal generic set.Results: The patient and proxy WHODAS sum score was rated severe with decreasing severity in groups with complete and partial tetraplegia and paraplegia, respectively. Working ability was rated most severely impaired in the tetraplegic groups. Between-group differences were also found in mobility, household tasks, and self-care. Mobility was found to be associated with lesion severity; life activities, participation and friendships with lesion level; and self-care and WHODAS sum score with both lesion severity and level. Depending on the level and severity of spinal cord injury, a moderate to strong correlation was found between the sum scores of the 2 tools, and mostly very strong correlations between patient and proxy assessments of functioning.Conclusion: Both generic ICF-based tools, despite their briefness, seemed to be useful as they were able to differentiate various levels and severities of spinal cord injury. We recommend using the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 when planning individualized services for patients with spinal cord injury
Population-Based Screening for Language Delay: Let’s Talk STEPS Study
No full textThis study evaluates the
reliability of two differently constructed screening instruments for language
delay. Only few studies have addressed the question of early identification at
population level. Data for this article were drawn from a Finnish cohort study,
entitled the Steps to the Healthy Development and Well-Being of Children (the
STEPS study, N = 9.936). The MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories
(CDI-T), based on parent reported vocabulary, was used for screening at 24
months. At 36 months, child’s language skills were screened with the Fox
Language Inventory (FLI) carried out by a clinical nurse. The Renfrew Word
Finding Vocabulary Test and Reynell Developmental Language Scales III (language
comprehension), served as outcome measures at 36 months. Receiver operating
characteristic-analysis (ROC) was used to examine the cost and benefit of the
two screening methods in decision making at 36 months. We found that expressive
vocabulary at 24 months, can already foretell later language development.
However, to reach even better predictivity, screening based on a structured
language battery and age point of 36 months would be a valuable addition to
clinical assessment. Further studies are needed to address to what extend early
screening is able to predict atypical language during later
preschool-years.</p
Utility of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule and the World Health Organization minimal generic set of domains of functioning and health in spinal cord injury
No full textObjective: To compare easy-to-use International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)-based measures of functioning with the level and severity of spinal cord injury.
Methods: Cross-sectional study. Patients (n = 142) and their significant others completed the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) questionnaire. A physician at the university hospital outpatient clinic assessed functioning with the 7-item World Health Organization (WHO) minimal generic set.
Results: The patient and proxy WHODAS sum score was rated severe with decreasing severity in groups with complete and partial tetraplegia and paraplegia, respectively. Working ability was rated most severely impaired in the tetraplegic groups. Between-group differences were also found in mobility, household tasks, and self-care. Mobility was found to be associated with lesion severity; life activities, participation and friendships with lesion level; and self-care and WHODAS sum score with both lesion severity and level. Depending on the level and severity of spinal cord injury, a moderate to strong correlation was found between the sum scores of the 2 tools, and mostly very strong correlations between patient and proxy assessments of functioning.
Conclusion: Both generic ICF-based tools, despite their briefness, seemed to be useful as they were able to differentiate various levels and severities of spinal cord injury. We recommend using the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 when planning individualized services for patients with spinal cord injury
Does emotion dysregulation mediate the relationship between behavioural inhibition and psychopathological symptoms?
No full textFailure to address poor mental health during childhood and adolescence results in higher risk of suicide, substance misuse, self-harm, and lower achievement in education and employment (Richards et al., 2009). Of the psychological factors underlying mental health, it has been argued that self-regulation is central (Posner & Rothbart, 2000). The Barkley (1997) model of self-regulation is reviewed, and evidence considered that suggests it has cross-diagnostic validity. The typical developmental courses of emotion regulation and effortful control, and how these are associated with mental health, are considered in order to inform applied psychology practice with children and young people. A refinement of the Barkley model is proposed to enable the synthesis of findings from different bodies of research, and to offer a framework by which psychopathological diagnoses might be etiologically, rather than behaviourally, defined.The research study used neuropsychological and self-report measures to test whether emotion dysregulation mediated the relationship between behavioural inhibition and psychopathological symptoms in adolescents. 39 pupils, aged 10 to 16 years, completed sustained attention subtests from the Test of Everyday Attention, the Attentional Control Scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Aggression Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Adult-report versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were also completed by parents and teachers. Significant, positive correlations between difficulties in emotion regulation and psychopathological symptoms were observed. Significant negative correlations were observed between behavioural inhibition and psychopathological symptoms. The mediation model was supported: emotion dysregulation fully mediated the relationship between behavioural inhibition and psychopathological symptoms. The relationship of the study results to the Barkley (1997) model of self-regulation is discussed. The study findings suggest that intervention to treat or prevent the development of psychopathological symptoms in adolescents is better targeted at reducing habits of emotion dysregulation than at improving the capacity for behavioural inhibition
Respiratory Tract Infections and Voice Quality in 4-Year-old Children in the STEPS Study
No full textConstruction and evaluation of a self-contained index for assessment of diet quality
No full text Aims: To construct and validate a self-contained index for the evaluation of a health-promoting diet in adults. Methods: Participants (n = 103) were healthy volunteer adults aged 20 to 64 years. A food consumption questionnaire containing 55 questions was formulated and evaluated against seven-day food records. Key questions best reflecting the health-promoting diet, defined in nutrition recommendations, were identified by correlation and ROC analyses in comparison to calculated food and nutrient intakes from the food records. A shorter questionnaire was scored to compile an Index of Diet Quality (IDQ). Results: Based on ROC analyses 18 questions were sufficient to describe the health-promoting diet and comprised the index. IDQ had a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 71%. The IDQ score reflected dietary intake, shown as statistically significant correlations between higher IDQ scores and higher intakes of protein (r = 0.35), fibre (r = 0.42), calcium (r = 0.39), iron (r = 0.31), vitamin C (r = 0.31) and a higher ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (r = 0.23) and a lower intake of saturated fatty acids (r =—0.22) and saccharose (r =—0.25). Conclusions: IDQ reflects dietary intake of key foods and nutrients associated with health and depicts adherence to dietary recommendations. It is applicable in nutritional studies where diet in its entirety is of interest and also in large-scale studies, being fast in execution with analysis free of complex calculations. </jats:p
- …
