479 research outputs found
NEUROPEPTIDES ANALYSIS OF OCTOPUS VULGARIS TRANSCRIPTOME: OCT-PEDAL PEPTIDE EXPRESSION IN CNS LOBES INVOLVED IN MOTOR COORDINATION
No full textThe discovery of novel peptides and hormones from the phylum Mollusca, enabled by the availability of whole genomes, transcriptomes and peptidomes, gives now ample tools for studying the structural evolution of peptides and hormones, and for redefining the phylogenetic relationships of key families of peptide and hormones across ecdysozoans, lophotrochozoans and chordates. In this frame, the genome sequence of the limpet Lottia gigantea (Veenstra, 2010) and the initiated large-scale molluscan transcriptome and genome projects (Moroz et al., 2011; De Lisa et al., 2011; Di Cosmo and Polese, 2012) offer an excellent opportunity to look at the neuropetides and neurohormone genes. Mollusks have several genes coding pedal peptides (PP), three in Lottia and four in Aplysia (Veenstra, 2010). Neuropeptides are the fastest evolving intercellular signals; in particular, cephalopods developed a number of specific innovations in their repertoire of secretory molecules that might supp ort their unique features (Moroz, 2011). Using neuronal transcriptome from Octopus vulgaris, we developed a specific probe to analyze expression of Oct-PP in O. vulgaris brain in horizontal sections throughout the suboesophageal and supraoesophageal masses, including optic lobes. Performing ISH analysis we found the expression of Oct-PP mRNA confined in the anterior suboesophageal mass, in the prebrachial lobe and in the middle suboesophageal mass, in all pedal lobes. The prebrachial lobe is involved in reflex coordination. The middle suboesophageal mass, representative of the pedal ganglionated cord of early mollusks, is involved in all actions in Octopus (Young, 1971). Our findings support the involvement of Oct-PP in reflex and motor coordination in Octopus
How problem solving changes affect adult neurogenesis in Octopus vulgaris
No full textOctopus vulgaris has a complex and centralized nervous system, located around oesophagus, with a hierarchical organization. It is considered the most intelligent invertebrate due to its advanced cognitive capability, as learning and memory, and complex behaviour that results in an enormous capability of problem solving. “Problem solving” is the capability to use cognitive processing to find a solution to a problematic situation. Several behavioural experiments show that octopus has this kind of skill (FINN et al., 2009). Neural plasticity and synaptic remodelling are the base of adult neurogenesis that occur in organisms that have complex and centralized nervous system, as teleosts, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, and among invertebrates, decapods and insects. Recently, our group demonstrated its occurrence also in O. vulgaris brain, resulting the first demonstration across Lophotrochozoa clade.
The experimental data have been obtained by problem solving behavioural experiments and the evaluation of the Oct-Pax6 expression. Pax6 gene is known as neurogenic marker during cephalopod brain development (NAVET et al., 2017). Specimens of O. vulgaris were divided into two experimental groups: challenged and control. After the acclimatization period, the standard housing condition was altered adding jars containing food providing a cognitive challenge. During experimental days, octopuses had not feeding opportunities except to open the jars to reach the food. Control animals were not challenged and they were fed regularly without any task. At last, challenged and control octopuses were scarified as described in POLESE et al. (2014) and their brains were dissected out to be processed for RNA extraction with Trizol. cDNA obtained was used to evaluate the amount of Oct-Pax6 through a semi-quantitative PCR, using -tubulin as normalizer. PCR products were analysed on 2% agarose gel at the Bio-Rad ChemiDoc, and quantified using ImageJ.
Our data show that octopuses challenged with problem solving tasks vs. unchallenged animals result in up- regulation of Oct-Pax6 in areas of the brain previously described as sites of adult neurogenesis (BERTAPELLE et al., 2017).
In conclusion, these results support that intellectual, physical and sensory challenges increase neural plasticity and synaptic remodelling through adult neurogenesis
Characterization of novel cytoplasmic PARP in the brain of Octopus vulgaris
No full textIl sistema nervoso centrale di Octopus vulgaris e' caratterizzato da una PARP citoplasmatica (vPARP, 193 kDa), in grado di regolare la polimerizzazione dell'actina mediante poli-ADPribosilazion
Means of Interpreting Subjective Modality of a Literary Text
No full textМороз Наркиза Абриковна, кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков и
межкультурной профессиональной коммуникации экономико-правовых направлений Института государства и права, Тюменский государственный университет (Тюмень), [email protected]. Narkiza A. Moroz, Candidate in Philology, Assistant Professor, Department of Foreign Languages and
Intercultural Professional Communication, Institute of State and Law, Tyumen State University (Tyumen),
[email protected]Данная статья рассматривает средства выражения субъективной модальности художественного произведения на иностранном языке. Центральное место в статье отводится методике анализа художественного текста на предмет определения оценочного аспекта. Для предлагаемой методики оценки и интерпретации текста основополагающими являются два фактора: смысловой
или синтаксический рисунок текста и отношение автора произведения к излагаемому материалу.
Посредством вышеназванных факторов, автор художественного произведения прибегает к определенным языковым средствам, передающим смысл текста и воздействующим определенным
образом на читателя. Материалом данного исследования послужил оригинал антивоенного памфлета англо-ирландского писателя-сатирика и публициста XVII–XVIII веков Джонатана Свифта
«Поведение союзников и министерства в настоящей войне». The present article deals with the means of expressing subjective modality of any literary text in
the process of studying a foreign language. The method of text analyzing and interpreting in order to
evaluate and to mark the idea of the author is the main purpose of the scientific paper. The original version
Мороз Н.А. Средства выражения субъективной
модальности художественного текста
В естник ЮУрГУ. Серия «Лингвистика». 33
2017. Т. 14, № 3. С. 29–33
of the antiwar pamphlet “The Conduct of the Allies and of the Late Ministry in Beginning and Carrying
on the Present War” written by Jonathan Swift, an Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist and political pamphleteer,
is the major source that the research has been conducted on
Mapping of neuropeptide Y expression in Octopus brains
No full textNeuropeptide Y (NPY) is an evolutionarily conserved neurosecretory molecule implicated in a diverse complement of functions across taxa and in regulating feeding behavior and reproductive maturation in Octopus. However, little is known about the precise molecular circuitry of NPY-mediated behaviors and physiological processes, which likely involve a complex interaction of multiple signal molecules in specific brain regions. Here, we examined the expression of NPY throughout the Octopus central nervous system. The sequence analysis of Octopus NPY precursor confirmed the presence of both, signal peptide and putative active peptides, which are highly conserved across bilaterians. In situ hybridization revealed distinct expression of NPY in specialized compartments, including potential “integration centers,” where visual, tactile, and other behavioral circuitries converge. These centers integrating separate circuits may maintain and modulate learning and memory or other behaviors not yet attributed to NPY-dependent modulation in Octopus. Extra somatic localization of NPY mRNA in the neurites of specific neuron populations in the brain suggests a potential demand for immediate translation at synapses and a crucial temporal role for NPY in these cell populations. We also documented the presence of NPY mRNA in a small cell population in the olfactory lobe, which is a component of the Octopus feeding and reproductive control centers. However, the molecular mapping of NPY expression only partially overlapped with that produced by immunohistochemistry in previous studies. Our study provides a precise molecular map of NPY mRNA expression that can be used to design and test future hypotheses about molecular signaling in various Octopus behaviors
Fake masculinity: pedagogical considerations about male identity
No full textThe essence of this article is an attempt to define the ‘fake’ masculinities as an outcome of phonomenographic approach. The author reveals the regulative role that ‘fake’ masculinity plays in the construction of dominant versions of masculinities in Poland.
English translation: Anna Moroz-Darska
The translation was financed with funds made available by the Ministry of Finance and Higher Education under contract No. 661/P-DUN/2018 of 13 July 2018 as a part of the execution of task 1: the creation of English-language versions of the issued publications in 2018.Istotą tego artykułu jest próba zdefiniowania "fałszywych" męskości jako wyniku podejścia fonomenograficznego. Autorka ujawnia regulacyjną rolę, jaką "fałszywa" męskość odgrywa w konstrukcji dominujących wersji męskości w Polsce.
Tłumaczenie na język angielski: Anna Moroz-Darska
Tłumaczenie sfinansowano ze środków Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego na podstawie umowy nr 661/P-DUN/2018 z dnia 13 lipca 2018 roku w ramach realizacji zadania 1 – stworzenie anglojęzycznych wersji wydawanych publikacji w 2018 roku
The masculinity paradigm in the context of changes: heterosexual male sponsorship
No full textThe author of the article discusses basic assumptions of dominant version of masculinity in the era of sexualization. The article presents selected research findings illustrating the phenomenon of heterosexual male sponsorship.
English translation: Anna Moroz-Darska
The translation was financed with funds made available by the Ministry of Finance and Higher Education under contract No. 661/P-DUN/2018 of 13 July 2018 as a part of the execution of task 1: the creation of English-language versions of the issued publications in 2018.Autor artykułu omawia podstawowe założenia dominującej wersji męskości w erze seksualizacji. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki badań ilustrujące zjawisko heteroseksualnego sponsoringu stosowanego przez mężczyzn.
Tłumaczenie na język angielski: Anna Moroz-Darska
Tłumaczenie sfinansowano ze środków Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego na podstawie umowy nr 661/P-DUN/2018 z dnia 13 lipca 2018 roku w ramach realizacji zadania 1 – stworzenie anglojęzycznych wersji wydawanych publikacji w 2018 roku
Teenage boys as fathers: two perspectives
No full textThis article is an empirical exploration of the early fatherhood as a real life experience and an educational experiment. The author reveals the regulative role that ‘simulated’ fatherhood plays in the construction of concepts of man as a father.
English translation: Anna Moroz-Darska
The translation was financed with funds made available by the Ministry of Finance and Higher Education under contract No. 661/P-DUN/2018 of 13 July 2018 as a part of the execution of task 1: the creation of English-language versions of the issued publications in 2018.Artykuł jest empiryczną eksploracją wczesnego ojcostwa jako prawdziwego doświadczenia życiowego i eksperymentu edukacyjnego. Autor ujawnia regulującą rolę, jaką "symulowane" ojcostwo odgrywa w konstruowaniu koncepcji człowieka jako ojca.
Tłumaczenie na język angielski: Anna Moroz-Darska
Tłumaczenie sfinansowano ze środków Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego na podstawie umowy nr 661/P-DUN/2018 z dnia 13 lipca 2018 roku w ramach realizacji zadania 1 – stworzenie anglojęzycznych wersji wydawanych publikacji w 2018 roku
Critical pedagogy today - introduction
No full textIntroduction to Ars Educandi nr 9.
English translation: Anna Moroz-Darska
The translation was financed with funds made available by the Ministry of Finance and Higher Education under contract No. 661/P-DUN/2018 of 13 July 2018 as a part of the execution of task 1: the creation of English-language versions of the issued publications in 2018.Wstęp do Ars Educandi nr 9.
Tłumaczenie na język angielski: Anna Moroz-Darska
Tłumaczenie sfinansowano ze środków Ministerstwa Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego na podstawie umowy nr 661/P-DUN/2018 z dnia 13 lipca 2018 roku w ramach realizacji zadania 1 – stworzenie anglojęzycznych wersji wydawanych publikacji w 2018 roku
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