44 research outputs found
Елементи стандартизації та контролю якості лабораторних серій перитонеальних діалізних глюкозолактатних розчинів
Get PDFAim. The aim of our work was to develop the analytical support for pharmaceutical development for laboratory batches of solutions for peritoneal dialysis containing dextrose and sodium lactate.Methods. We used the following research methods: direct argentometric (determination of chloride ions), complexonometric (determination of the amount of calcium and magnesium ions), criometric (determination of osmolality and osmolarity), potentiometric methods, weighting, statistical methods and data processing of chemical experiments.Results. Firstly in Ukraine the results of standardization and the analytical support for pharmaceutical development for laboratory batches of solutions for peritoneal dialysis are presented in the article.Conclusions. Two procedures of quantitative determination of chloride-ions and complexonometric method of assay of the amount of calcium and magnesium ions are developed. These procedures are the basis for the quantitative determination of sodium chloride by calculation method and quantitative determination of magnesium ions by calculation method provided quantitative determination of calcium ions. The procedure of determination of the actual osmolality and osmolarity is established, acceptability criteria for osmolality and osmolarity for the solutions, which are investigated, are developed, the dependence between osmolality and osmolarity is established. The procedures of rapid quantitative determination of chlorides make it possible to assess the contribution of the stabilizer in total chloride content of solutions for peritoneal dialysis.Мета нашої роботи полягала в розробці аналітичного забезпечення для фармацевтичної розробки лабораторний серій глюкозолактатних розчинів для перитонеального діалізу.Методи. У роботі використовувались наступні методи досліджень: прямий аргентометричний (визначення хлорид-іонів), комплексонометричний (визначення суми іонів кальцію та магнію), кріометричний (визначення осмоляльності та осмолярності), потенціометричний методи, ваговий, а також методи статистичної обробки даних хімічного експерименту.Результати. У статті вперше в Україні наведені результати стандартизації та розробки методик для забезпечення аналітичних та технологічних досліджень фармацевтичної розробки глюкозолактатних розчинів для перитонеального діалізу.Висновки. Розроблені дві методики кількісного визначення хлоридів; методики комплексонометричного визначення суми іонів кальцію та магнію, які є підґрунтям для кількісного визначення натрію хлориду розрахунковим методом та кількісного визначення розрахунковим методом іонів магнію за умови експериментального кількісного визначення іонів кальцію. Розроблена методика визначення фактичної осмоляльності та осмолярності, встановлені критерії прийнятності для цих показників, встановлена залежність між осмоляльністю та осмолярністю. Методики швидкого кількісного визначення хлоридів дають можливість оцінити внесок стабілізатора розчину в загальний вміст хлоридів
S Project website and APP https://sproject.ucraft.site : App developed with funding from Canada Council for the Arts Digital Originals Programme. Co Author Carly Butler.
No full textProblemy pielęgnacyjne pacjenta po przebytym udarze mózgu — opis przypadku
Get PDFIntroduction. With the advancement of civilization, the number of cerebral strokes in creases, which is a challenge for modern medicine. Reduction of patients’, capacity is reflected in all aspects of a patient’s life. The condition after stroke requires assistance in basic daily activities (washing, dressing, eating, moving, etc.). Family must accept the fact of existing limitations and the need to acquire the knowledge and skills required to cope with a patient immobilized after a stroke. The aim of the study is to identify selected deficits and problems of patients after stroke.Case Report. The case study refers to a 82-year old patient with a stroke. The patient’s condition is defined as average, requiring hospitalization and constant monitoring. The work presents selected problems observed in a patient after a stroke. The patient presented is only a work description of the case of a theoretical patient.Discussion. Condition after stroke is a significant burden for the patients and their families. Problems concern the biological, mental and social spheres. Assistance to the patient and their family should commence when the patient is admitted to hospital and after a stroke has been diagnosed. The patient’s care problems after stroke constitute significant limitations in functioning and in returning to previous conditions. Researchers largely analyze the quality of life in all aforementioned dimensions.Conclusions. Nursing care issues include physical, mental as well as social aspect. The patient in her current state of health requires 24-hour care and full compensation for basic daily activities. Once the patient has been discharged home, she will require further treatment and personalized and comprehensive care. (JNNN 2017;6(1):28–32)Wstęp. Wraz z postępem cywilizacji wzrasta liczba zachorowań na udary mózgu, co stanowi wyzwanie współczesnej medycyny. Zmniejszenie wydolności pacjentów przekłada się na wszystkie aspekty życia pacjenta. Stan po udarze mózgu wymaga pomocy przy podstawowych czynnościach dnia codziennego (mycie, ubieranie, spożywanie posiłków, poruszanie i in.). Rodzina musi pogodzić się z faktem istniejących ograniczeń i konieczności nabycia wiedzy i wypracowania umiejętności wymaganych do opieki nad pacjentem unieruchomionym po udarze mózgu. Celem pracy jest wskazanie wybranych deficytów oraz problemów pacjenta po udarze mózgu.Opis przypadku. Opis przypadku odnosi się do pacjentki lat 82 z rozpoznaniem udaru mózgu. Stan pacjentki określa się jako średni, wymaga hospitalizacji oraz stałego monitoringu. Praca przedstawia wybrane problemy zaobserwowane u pacjenta po przebytym udarze. Praca stanowi opis przypadku pacjenta teoretycznego.Dyskusja. Stan po udarze mózgu stanowi znaczne obciążenie dla pacjenta i jego rodziny. Problemy dotyczą zarówno sfery biologicznej, psychicznej i społecznej. Pomoc pacjentowi i jego rodzinie powinna rozpocząć się w momencie przyjęcia pacjenta do szpitala i po rozpoznaniu udaru mózgu. Problemy pielęgnacyjne pacjenta po przebytym udarze mózgu stanowią znaczne ograniczenia w funkcjonowaniu i powrocie do stanu sprzed choroby. Naukowcy w znacznej mierze analizują jakość życia we wszystkich wspomnianych wymiarach.Wnioski. Problemy pielęgnacyjne pacjentki obejmują aspekt fizyczny, psychiczny i społeczny. Pacjentka w obecnym stanie zdrowia wymaga całodobowej opieki i pełnej kompensacji podstawowych czynności dnia codziennego. Po wypisaniu pacjentki do domu będzie wymagała dalszego leczenia oraz zindywidualizowanej i całościowej opieki. (PNN 2017;6(1):28–32
Care Issues of the Patient after a Stroke — Case Report
Get PDFIntroduction. With the advancement of civilization, the number of cerebral strokes in creases, which is a challenge for modern medicine. Reduction of patients’, capacity is reflected in all aspects of a patient’s life. The condition after stroke requires assistance in basic daily activities (washing, dressing, eating, moving, etc.). Family must accept the fact of existing limitations and the need to acquire the knowledge and skills required to cope with a patient immobilized after a stroke. The aim of the study is to identify selected deficits and problems of patients after stroke.Case Report. The case study refers to a 82-year old patient with a stroke. The patient’s condition is defined as average, requiring hospitalization and constant monitoring. The work presents selected problems observed in a patient after a stroke. The patient presented is only a work description of the case of a theoretical patient.Discussion. Condition after stroke is a significant burden for the patients and their families. Problems concern the biological, mental and social spheres. Assistance to the patient and their family should commence when the patient is admitted to hospital and after a stroke has been diagnosed. The patient’s care problems after stroke constitute significant limitations in functioning and in returning to previous conditions. Researchers largely analyze the quality of life in all aforementioned dimensions.Conclusions. Nursing care issues include physical, mental as well as social aspect. The patient in her current state of health requires 24-hour care and full compensation for basic daily activities. Once the patient has been discharged home, she will require further treatment and personalized and comprehensive care. (JNNN 2017;6(1):28–32)</jats:p
Nursing Problems of the Patient after Craniocerebral Trauma — Case Report
Get PDFIntroduction. Cranial and cerebral injuries are an opened or closed brain damage coming into existence as a result of a short-lived mechanical factor affecting the skull. They constitute the most frequent cause of deaths amongst traumatic patients. In vast majority of fatal victims of injuries (70%) a cranial-cerebral injury is the cause of death. The aim of the work is to present the patient’s nursing problems after a cranial-cerebral injury as a result of a gunshot.
Case Report. The description of the case refers to the patient aged 35 who suffered from cranial-cerebral injury as a result of the gunshot wound in vague circumstances. The patient was subjected to surgical treatment consisting in the removal of a foreign body from the skull in the mode of urgency. He required intensive nursery supervision and the long-term rehabilitation. This work presents the description of the case and chosen nursing problems of the patient after the gunshot wound.
Discussion. Cranial-cerebral injuries are regarded to be the main cause of the mortality. The most important factor in the scale of intracranial injury is, above all, the strength of the injury. This value determines the extent of injury, prognosis, survival and recovery. However, the promptness of the given help is an important factor determining the fate of the patient. The advanced neurological deficit in the sick person after the cranial-cerebral injury requires the holistic approach to the patient and involvement the entire therapeutic team in the process of diagnosing, treatment, rehabilitation or the psychotherapy.
Conclusions. The state of the patient after the gunshot wound shows shortages and nursing problems in the biological, psychical and social sphere. The actions undertaken are of highly individual nature. The care over the patient after the gunshot wound should be comprehensive, adapted for identified shortages and individual needs of the patient according to applicable standards. (JNNN 2018;7(2):80–85
Problemy rodzin pacjentów po udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu
Get PDFStroke is a clinical syndrome associated with sudden onset of focal or global brain dysfunction. Causes of stroke are disorders of blood circulation, resulting in brain damage. As a result, intra-cerebral imbalances occur.A stroke has often resulted in neurological changes and, consequently, functional difficulties. The patient needs help with self-care and self-service. A significant role is played by the patient’s family, which requires commitment to meet the needs and reduce deficits. Difficulties in the care of the patient include, but are not limited to, living conditions, family relationships, social roles and lack of knowledge about the disease. The role of the people taking care of the patient is to reduce deficits, meet needs and improve the quality of life of the patient.The aim of the study is to identify the problems of the families of patients suffering from cerebral stroke. Literature analysis will show significant difficulties that arise from deficits and the need for immediate action in the area of patient care to improve the quality of life. (JNNN 2017;6(3):126–129)Udar mózgu jest zespołem klinicznym związanym z nagłym powstaniem ogniskowych bądź też globalnych zaburzeń czynności mózgowia. Przyczyną wystąpienia udaru są zaburzenia krążenia krwi, co skutkuje uszkodzeniem mózgu. W wyniku tego dochodzi do zaburzeń równowagi wewnątrzmózgowej.Przebyty udar mózgu często skutkuje zmianami neurologicznym, a w konsekwencji trudnościami w sprawności funkcjonalnej. Pacjent wymaga pomocy w zakresie samoopieki i samopielęgnacji. Znaczącą rolę stanowi rodzina pacjenta, od której wymaga się zaangażowania w zaspakajaniu potrzeb i zmniejszaniu deficytów. Trudność w sprawowaniu opieki wynika między innymi z sytuacji życiowej, dotychczasowymi relacjami w rodzinie, pełnionymi rolami społecznymi oraz brakiem wiedzy o chorobie. Zadaniem osób sprawujących opiekę nad pacjentem jest zmniejszenie deficytów, zaspokojenie potrzeb oraz poprawa jakości życia pacjenta.Celem pracy jest wskazanie problemów rodzin pacjentów po przebytym udarze mózgu. Analiza literatury pozwoli na ukazanie istotnych trudności, wynikających z deficytów oraz konieczności podjęcia natychmiastowych działań w zakresie opieki nad pacjentem w celu poprawy jakości życia. (PNN 2017;6(3):126–129
Problemy pielęgnacyjne pacjenta po urazie czaszkowo-mózgowym — opis przypadku
Get PDFIntroduction. Cranial and cerebral injuries are an opened or closed brain damage coming into existence as a result of a short-lived mechanical factor affecting the skull. They constitute the most frequent cause of deaths amongst traumatic patients. In vast majority of fatal victims of injuries (70%) a cranial-cerebral injury is the cause of death. The aim of the work is to present the patient’s nursing problems after a cranial-cerebral injury as a result of a gunshot.Case Report. The description of the case refers to the patient aged 35 who suffered from cranial-cerebral injury as a result of the gunshot wound in vague circumstances. The patient was subjected to surgical treatment consisting in the removal of a foreign body from the skull in the mode of urgency. He required intensive nursery supervision and the long-term rehabilitation. This work presents the description of the case and chosen nursing problems of the patient after the gunshot wound.Discussion. Cranial-cerebral injuries are regarded to be the main cause of the mortality. The most important factor in the scale of intracranial injury is, above all, the strength of the injury. This value determines the extent of injury, prognosis, survival and recovery. However, the promptness of the given help is an important factor determining the fate of the patient. The advanced neurological deficit in the sick person after the cranial-cerebral injury requires the holistic approach to the patient and involvement the entire therapeutic team in the process of diagnosing, treatment, rehabilitation or the psychotherapy.Conclusions. The state of the patient after the gunshot wound shows shortages and nursing problems in the biological, psychical and social sphere. The actions undertaken are of highly individual nature. The care over the patient after the gunshot wound should be comprehensive, adapted for identified shortages and individual needs of the patient according to applicable standards. (JNNN 2018;7(2):80–85)Wstęp. Urazy czaszkowo-mózgowe są otwartym lub zamkniętym uszkodzeniem mózgu powstającym w wyniku działania na czaszkę krótkotrwałego czynnika mechanicznego. Stanowią najczęstszą przyczynę zgonów wśród pacjentów urazowych. W zdecydowanej większości śmiertelnych ofiar urazów (70%) przyczyną zgonu jest uraz czaszkowo-mózgowy. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie problemów pielęgnacyjnych pacjenta po urazie czaszkowo-mózgowym w wyniku postrzału.Opis przypadku. Opis przypadku odnosi się do pacjenta w wieku 35 lat, który doznał urazu czaszkowo-mózgowego w wyniku postrzału w niejasnych okolicznościach. Pacjent poddany był zabiegowi operacyjnemu usunięcia ciała obcego z czaszki w trybie pilnym. Wymagał intensywnego nadzoru pielęgniarskiego oraz długotrwałej rehabilitacji. Praca przedstawia opis przypadku oraz wybrane problemy pielęgnacyjne pacjenta po postrzale.Dyskusja. Urazy czaszkowo-mózgowe są uważane za główna przyczynę śmiertelności. Najważniejszym czynnikiem w zakresie skali obrażeń wewnątrzczaszkowych jest przede wszystkim siła urazu. Jego wartość decyduje o rozległości urazu, rokowaniu, przeżyciu i powrocie do zdrowia. Natomiast szybkość udzielonej pomocy jest ważnym czynnikiem określającym losy chorego. Zaawansowany deficyt neurologiczny u chorego po urazie czaszkowo-mózgowym wymaga holistycznego podejścia do pacjenta oraz zaangażowania całego zespołu terapeutycznego w procesie diagnozowania, leczenia, rehabilitacji czy psychoterapii.Wnioski. Stan pacjenta po postrzale ukazuje deficyty oraz problemy pielęgnacyjne w zakresie sfery biologicznej, psychicznej i społecznej. Podejmowane działania mają charakter wysoce indywidualny. Opieka nad pacjentem po postrzale powinna być kompleksowa, dostosowana do zidentyfikowanych deficytów oraz indywidualnych potrzeb pacjenta zgodnie z obowiązującymi standardami. (PNN 2018;7(2):80–85
Problems of Families of Patients after Ischemic Stroke
Get PDFStroke is a clinical syndrome associated with sudden onset of focal or global brain dysfunction. Causes of stroke are disorders of blood circulation, resulting in brain damage. As a result, intra-cerebral imbalances occur.A stroke has often resulted in neurological changes and, consequently, functional difficulties. The patient needs help with self-care and self-service. A significant role is played by the patient’s family, which requires commitment to meet the needs and reduce deficits. Difficulties in the care of the patient include, but are not limited to, living conditions, family relationships, social roles and lack of knowledge about the disease. The role of the people taking care of the patient is to reduce deficits, meet needs and improve the quality of life of the patient.The aim of the study is to identify the problems of the families of patients suffering from cerebral stroke. Literature analysis will show significant difficulties that arise from deficits and the need for immediate action in the area of patient care to improve the quality of life. (JNNN 2017;6(3):126–129)</jats:p
Clinical, Functional and Quality of Life Assessment of Patients with Spinal Pain Syndrome
Get PDFThe development of civilization leads to a continuous increase in the number of diagnoses of spinal pain syndrome in patients in each age group, thus leading to the need to develop new treatment standards. Spinal pain syndromes due to the often unknown etiology cause difficult diagnosis and introduction of effective therapy. That results in difficulties in causative treatment and thus sets pain as a leading problem in the therapy. Spinal pain syndromes are a complex clinical problem that may affect the patient’s psychological and social state as well as that of their family.The result of the research carried out with the use of standardized scales in the course of the disease is the development of the patient’s nursing process. The patient’s assessment is holistic, it allows to determine the factors predisposing to the occurrence of the disease and the current state of the patient. The clinical, psychological, social as well as professional and social aspects are analyzed in a multidimensional way. The level of performing independent activities by the patient is determined by means of functional scales. Spinal pain syndromes as a global problem are also the subject of research on the quality of life of this group of patients. The essence of using these tools is the ability to correlate them with other tools. (JNNN 2017;6(4):170–173)</jats:p
Ensuring the right to respect for the dignity of the persons with disabilities
No full textThe problem of ensuring the rights of persons with disabilities, in particular the right to respect for dignity, is one of the most acute in modern Ukrainian society. The article analyses this aspect in detail, focusing on the impact of the armed conflict and discriminatory practices on the lives of people with disabilities.
Using the methods of synthesis and analysis, abstraction, induction, empirical and sociological, the author reveals that violations of the right to respect for the dignity of persons with disabilities are a systemic problem that manifests itself in various spheres of life: from limited access to infrastructure and social services to discrimination in labour relations and negative attitudes of society. Particular attention is paid to the problem of ensuring the security of this category of persons during military operations and the lack of training of law enforcement agencies to work with this category of population, which also affects the level of respect for dignity.
It is concluded that the low level of perception of people with disabilities in Ukrainian society is a consequence of a set of social, cultural and historical factors that need to be overcome. The results of the author’s sociological research are presented, which show that there are stereotypes and prejudices against this category of persons among law enforcement officials.
To address these problems, a set of measures is proposed, including: the introduction of an index of equality of persons with disabilities (this tool will allow to assess the level of inclusiveness of various spheres of life and develop targeted programmes to improve the situation); raising awareness of public authorities and society (conducting large-scale information campaigns aimed at forming a tolerant attitude towards people with disabilities); strengthening the role of civil society (support for the initiatives of NGOs).
It is emphasised that ensuring the rights of persons with disabilities is not only a moral duty, but also an important factor for the development of society as a whole
