1,721,077 research outputs found
Review Essay: John Pratt and Anna Eriksson (2013) 'Contrasts in Punishment: An Explanation of Anglophone Excess and Nordic Exceptionalism'
No full textThis review essay combines the comments made by David Brown, Russell Hogg and Mark Finanne at the Crime, Justice and Social Democracy: 2nd International Conference July 2013. It is followed by a rejoinder by the two authors John Pratt and Anna Eriksson. </p
Evaluation of artificially dead wood for nature restoration: comparison of insect and woodpecker activity between ring-barked and naturally dead birches (Betula spp.)
No full textIntensive land use with resulting reduction and loss of habitats is one of the reasons behind the loss of biodiversity that the world is currently facing. In Sweden, natural forests are scarce today because of intensive forestry, which has led to a decline in many forest habitats, such as dead wood. One organism that has been heavily affected by loss of habitat is the white-backed woodpecker. This bird prefers deciduous forests rich in dead wood and more than 200 threatened species of insects and other organisms also prefer this habitat. For this reason the white-backed woodpecker is considered an umbrella species. In order to restore deciduous forests rich in dead wood and thereby favor species depending on this, dead deciduous wood is created artificially, often by ring-barking. Studies of artificially created deciduous dead wood are still largely lacking. The aim of this study is to contribute to research in deciduous forests by comparing ring-barked birches to naturally dead birches in terms of density of insect holes and woodpecker foraging activity (in general, not of a certain species). Insect holes were counted up to 2.2 meters and woodpecker foraging activity was scored on a scale from 1 - 5 on 144 ring-barked and 132 naturally dead birches across six sites in Uppland, Västmanland and Gästrikland, Sweden. Ring-barked birches did not have as many insect holes/surface area as did naturally dead trees and this differed between sites. Woodpecker foraging activity, on the other hand, did not differ between the dead wood categories but differed between sites. Further, both density of insect holes and woodpecker foraging activity increased with the diameter of the trees and woodpecker foraging activity also increased with number of insect holes/surface area across both dead wood categories. The results suggest that ring-barked birches do not fully mimic naturally dead birches when it comes to insect abundance but woodpeckers forage on ring-barked birches to a similar extent as on naturally dead birches. Thus, ring-barking of birches does not fully replace naturally dead wood of birch but it can serve as an important complement.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Supplemental Material3 - Supplemental material for No differential gene expression for CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells of MS patients and healthy controls
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental Material3 for No differential gene expression for CD4+ T cells of MS patients and healthy controls by Ina S Brorson, Anna Eriksson, Ingvild S Leikfoss, Elisabeth G Celius, Pål Berg-Hansen, Lisa F Barcellos, Tone Berge, Hanne F Harbo and Steffan D Bos in Multiple Sclerosis Journal – Experimental, Translational and Clinical</p
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