926 research outputs found
Efficient Reconstruction of Depth Three Arithmetic Circuits with Top Fan-In Two
No full textIn this paper we develop efficient randomized algorithms to solve the black-box reconstruction problem for polynomials over finite fields, computable by depth three arithmetic circuits with alternating addition/multiplication gates, such that output gate is an addition gate with in-degree two. Such circuits naturally compute polynomials of the form G×(T₁ + T₂), where G,T₁,T₂ are product of affine forms computed at the first layer in the circuit, and polynomials T₁,T₂ have no common factors. Rank of such a circuit is defined to be the dimension of vector space spanned by all affine factors of T₁ and T₂. For any polynomial f computable by such a circuit, rank(f) is defined to be the minimum rank of any such circuit computing it. Our work develops randomized reconstruction algorithms which take as input black-box access to a polynomial f (over finite field ), computable by such a circuit. Here are the results.
- [Low rank]: When 5 ≤ rank(f) = O(log³ d), it runs in time (nd^{log³d}log ||)^{O(1)}, and, with high probability, outputs a depth three circuit computing f, with top addition gate having in-degree ≤ d^{rank(f)}.
- [High rank]: When rank(f) = Ω(log³ d), it runs in time (ndlog ||)^{O(1)}, and, with high probability, outputs a depth three circuit computing f, with top addition gate having in-degree two.
Prior to our work, black-box reconstruction for this circuit class was addressed in [Amir Shpilka, 2007; Karnin and Shpilka, 2009; Sinha, 2016]. Reconstruction algorithm in [Amir Shpilka, 2007] runs in time quasi-polynomial in n,d,|| and that in [Karnin and Shpilka, 2009] is quasi-polynomial in d,||. Algorithm in [Sinha, 2016] works only for polynomials over characteristic zero fields. Thus, ours is the first blackbox reconstruction algorithm for this class of circuits that runs in time polynomial in log ||. This problem has been mentioned as an open problem in [Ankit Gupta et al., 2012] (STOC 2012). In the high rank case, our algorithm runs in (ndlog||)^{O(1)} time, thereby significantly improving the existing algorithms in [Amir Shpilka, 2007; Karnin and Shpilka, 2009]
sj-docx-1-jpx-10.1177_23743735221117358 - Supplemental material for Prevalence of Long COVID-19 and its Impact on Quality of Life Among Outpatients With Mild COVID-19 Disease at Tertiary Care Center in North India
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jpx-10.1177_23743735221117358 for Prevalence of Long COVID-19 and its Impact on Quality of Life Among Outpatients With Mild COVID-19 Disease at Tertiary Care Center in North India by Radhika Sarda, Arvind Kumar, Ankit Chandra, Megha Bir, Sanchit Kumar, Manish Soneja, Sanjeev Sinha and Naveet Wig in Journal of Patient Experience</p
Learning Arithmetic Formulas in the Presence of Noise: A General Framework and Applications to Unsupervised Learning
No full textWe present a general framework for designing efficient algorithms for unsupervised learning problems, such as mixtures of Gaussians and subspace clustering. Our framework is based on a meta algorithm that learns arithmetic formulas in the presence of noise, using lower bounds. This builds upon the recent work of Garg, Kayal and Saha (FOCS '20), who designed such a framework for learning arithmetic formulas without any noise. A key ingredient of our meta algorithm is an efficient algorithm for a novel problem called Robust Vector Space Decomposition. We show that our meta algorithm works well when certain matrices have sufficiently large smallest non-zero singular values. We conjecture that this condition holds for smoothed instances of our problems, and thus our framework would yield efficient algorithms for these problems in the smoothed setting
Book Review - Reviewing S. Prakash Sinha, What Is Law? (1989)
No full textBook Review Extract:
The title of S.P. Sinha\u27s book, What Is Law?, is somewhat deceptive, for the author ambitiously tries to do more than merely define the concept of law in well under 300 pages. After the introductory historical and philosophical overview of his initial chapter, Sinha uses the balance of his book to summarize the major theories of law, including how law arises, how it is applied, and why it is important in society. The work is less of an original attempt by its writer to answer the question posed by the title than it is an effort to seek such an answer by means of surveying- albeit briefly in each instance -the views of the major thinkers in this field
In The City the Body Rests
No full textPublished in Entanglements Journal.
Suggested citation:
Sinha, D. (2021). ‘In the City the Body Rests’, entanglements,
4(2):50-65
Article considers how the author understands storytelling, urban space through personal experience and investigations of Kolkata through an artistic practice.
Online at https://entanglementsjournal.org/in-the-city-the-body-rests/</p
Identification of covalent modifications regulating immune signaling complex composition and phenotype
No full textAbstract Cells signal through rearrangements of protein communities governed by covalent modifications and reversible interactions of distinct sets of proteins. A method that identifies those post‐transcriptional modifications regulating signaling complex composition and functional phenotypes in one experimental setup would facilitate an efficient identification of novel molecular signaling checkpoints. Here, we devised modifications, interactions and phenotypes by affinity purification mass spectrometry (MIP‐APMS), comprising the streamlined cloning and transduction of tagged proteins into functionalized reporter cells as well as affinity chromatography, followed by MS‐based quantification. We report the time‐resolved interplay of more than 50 previously undescribed modification and hundreds of protein–protein interactions of 19 immune protein complexes in monocytes. Validation of interdependencies between covalent, reversible, and functional protein complex regulations by knockout or site‐specific mutation revealed ISGylation and phosphorylation of TRAF2 as well as ARHGEF18 interaction in Toll‐like receptor 2 signaling. Moreover, we identify distinct mechanisms of action for small molecule inhibitors of p38 (MAPK14). Our method provides a fast and cost‐effective pipeline for the molecular interrogation of protein communities in diverse biological systems and primary cells
Madalena e Sinha Vitória: contrastes entre duas personagens de Graciliano Ramos
No full textRESUMO: este artigo apresenta um breve panorama da vida de Graciliano Ramos, como também, algumas características de sua escrita. De suas obras focamos aspectos gerais dos romances São Bernardo e Vidas Secas. O objetivo principal é analisar as personagens Madalena, do romance São Bernardo, e sinha Vitória, da obra Vidas Secas, e evidenciar os contrastes entre as personagens de Graciliano Ramos. Madalena e sinha Vitória são constituídas de um humanismo e generosidade. A primeira é apresentada como mulher culta, inteligente, humanista, que reflete sobre diversos problemas. Já a segunda possui um sonho que a impulsiona seguir em frente, em busca de uma realidade melhor. Sinha Vitória também é o ser mais pensante daquele grupo de retirantes. Para isso, a pesquisa interpretativa teve como base os dados apresentados pelos estudos de Calheiros (2006), Magalhães (2001), Santos (2009), entre os autores que discorrem sobre o referido autor e suas obras. Temos a pretensão de enfatizar a situação e o papel da mulher nordestina, e revelar seu valor no contexto social de cada obra. Este trabalho irá expor a importância da mulher nordestina, sua força, coragem e determinação ao enfrentar as dificuldades presentes no sertão nordestino. Constatou-se que são mulheres distintas e que ambas as personagens são fortes. Madalena é silenciada para não perder sua autenticidade, enquanto, sinha Vitória cala-se em respeito à sociedade patriarcal que não admite que as mulheres tenham voz ativa.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Madalena. Sinha Vitória. Graciliano Ramos. ABSTRACT: This article presents a brief overview above Graciliano Ramos’ life, as well as some of his writing characteristics. From his works we focused on the São Bernardo and Vidas Secas novels’ general aspects. The main objective is to analyze how characters Madalena, from the São Bernardo novel, and sinha Vitória, from work Vidas Secas, and highlight the contrasts between the characters by Graciliano Ramos. Madalena and sinha Vitória are made up of humanism and generosity. The first one is presented as a cultured, intelligent, humanist woman, she reflects about various problems. Already the second has a dream that drives her to move forward in search of a better reality. Sinha Vitoria is also the most thoughtful of the retired group. For that, interpretive research was based on data submitted by Calheiros (2006), Magellan (2001), Santos (2009) studies, among the authors who white about the author and his works. We intend to emphasize the situation and the role of northeastern women, and reveal their value in the social context of each work. This work will expose the importance of northeastern women, their strength, courage and determination in facing the difficulties present in the northeastern backlands. It has been found that they are distinct women and that both characters are strong. Madalena is silenced so as not to lose her authenticity, while, sinha Vitoria is silent in respect to the patriarchal society that does not admit that women have an active voice.KEYWORDS: Madalena. Sinha Vitória. Graciliano Ramos.
A comprehensive review on the machining process: unconventional as an alternative to conventional machining
No full textCutting/machining has been an integral part of human civilization since the beginning of the Stone Age. With time the cutting tools have evolved but the methods of cutting/machining remain the same. Thus, typical machining techniques lack several characteristics, such as material compatibility, difficulty in working with, inability to manufacture varied sizes and shapes, and so on. Thus, there have been introduced unconventional machining processes that can be used to cut various composite materials, make them easier to operate and machine complex shapes, etc. This chapter focuses on why unconventional machining processes can be an expedient alternative to conventional machining.</p
Plastic Strain in Materials Under the Influence of Impulsive Load
No full textTitle: Plastic Strain in Materials Under the Influence of Impulsive Load, Author: Shailendra K. Sinha, Location: ThodeEquipment was designed for testing dynamic behaviors of materials subjected to impulsive load. Detail design of the equipment and experimental techniques have been described. Armco Ingot Iron with 99.8% purity was tested. Before testing, the material was fully annealled. "n" and "G(ε,t) (as occurring in the characteristic equation σm^n to K(n) = G (ε,t), for this material were evaluated. The material was found to ber very sensitive to strain rates.ThesisMaster of Engineering (ME
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