4 research outputs found
Efisiensi Unit Pretreatment di Pabrik Bioetanol dari Batang Jagung dengan Hidrolisa Enzim dan Sistem Molecular Seive
No full textSaat ini, keberadaan sumber energi seperti minyak bumi dan gas alam semakin terbatas, padahal kebutuhan energi merupakan sesuatu yang tidak dapat terpisahkan dari kehidupan manusia. Energi mempunyai peranan penting dalam kehidupan sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Kapasitas pabrik asam sulfat yang akan didirikan pada tahun 2025 ini adalah 22.000 ton/tahun. Pada proses sebelumnya,terdapat proses pretreatment yang begitu panjang sehingga tanki overliming, tangki reacidifikasi dan tangki reslurry dapat diefisiensikan. Dengan efisiensi beberapa alat tersebut didapatkan hasil yaitu efisiensi dan Optimasi Proses pada tahap pretreatment dapat menghemat total energi yang dikeluarkan yaitu sebesar 2.316.412.866 kkal dan dapat menghemat biaya sebesar Rp 10.620.754.335/jam. Berdasarkan analisa kelayakan ekonomi , pabrik bioetanol dari batang jagung dengan kapasitas 22.000.000 ton/tahun telah layak untuk didirikan dengan POT, NPV, BEP dan IRR yang diperoleh sebesar 1.95 tahun; Rp. 50.676.845.009,93; 25,63%; dan 44%.
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Currently, the existence of energy sources such as oil and natural gas is increasingly limited, even though energy needs are something that cannot be separated from human life. Energy has an important role in social, economic and environmental life. The capacity of the sulfuric acid plant to be established in 2025 is 22,000 tons/year. In the previous process, there was a long pretreatment process so that the overliming tank, reacidification tank and reslurry tank could be streamlined. With the efficiency of some of these tools, the results are efficiency and Process Optimization at the pretreatment stage can save the total energy expended which is 2,316,412,866 kcal and can save costs of Rp 10,620,754,335/hour. Based on the economic feasibility analysis, a bioethanol plant from corn stalks with a capacity of 22,000,000 tons/year is feasible to be established with POT, NPV, BEP and IRR obtained of 1.95 years; Rp. 50,676.845,009.93; 25.63%; and 44%
Bioethanol Production Using Green Algae (Chaetomorpha) As Renewable Energy
Get PDFBiologically, green algae (Chaetomorpha) are a group of chlorophyll plants consisting of one or many cells and in the form of a colony. The main organic materials contain in algae for example polysaccharides, vitamins, and minerals. So far the use of algae as an industrial raw material is still relatively small. Though the chemical components containing in algae are very useful for raw materials for bioenergy. The green algae have a potential as raw material in bioethanol (C2H5OH) production as one of the alternatives and renewable energy. The purpose of these experiments was to determine the effect of a variety of concentrations of green algae on reducing sugar and bioethanol production through liquefaction, saccharification, and fermentation. Green algae flour was obtained by drying in an oven at 60°C for 24 h, then was ground. The reducing sugar was obtained by two steps, i.e., liquefaction and saccharification. In liquefaction, the algae flour was put in an Erlenmeyer 2000 ml and added by 40 mg/l CaCl2, α-amylase, and water until the slurry volume was achieved 2000 ml, then heated at 90°C-100°C for 2 h. The next step was for saccharification, in this step HCl was added in the solution to achieve a pH of 4, and glucoamylase was added, then was heated at 60°C for 4 h. The final stage was fermentation, this solution was then added with urea, NPK, and yeast, then incubated for 72 h. After fermentation, the liquid was distilled to obtain bioethanol. The results showed that the addition of enzymes with a concentration of 2% yielded reducing sugar of 64.62, 34.38, 8.46, and 1.14 g/l, with green algal concentrations of 10, 30, and 40% (w/v), respectively. The bioethanol obtained was 0, 0.81, 2.92, and 5.29%, with reducing sugar of 64.62, 34.38, 8.46, and 1.14 g/l for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. However, the addition of enzymes with a concentration of 5% produced reducing sugar of 122.22, 55.32, 10.23, and 1.3 g/l, respectively. The bioethanol obtained was 0, 0.92, 3.71, and 8.16% for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. It concluded that the maximum bioethanol obtained was 8.16 % at algae concentration of 40% (w/v) for 72 h of fermentation
Bioethanol Production Using Green Algae (Chaetomorpha) As Renewable Energy
Get PDFBiologically, green algae (Chaetomorpha) are a group of chlorophyll plants consisting of one or many cells and in the form of a colony. The main organic materials contain in algae for example polysaccharides, vitamins, and minerals. So far the use of algae as an industrial raw material is still relatively small. Though the chemical components containing in algae are very useful for raw materials for bioenergy. The green algae have a potential as raw material in bioethanol (C2H5OH) production as one of the alternatives and renewable energy. The purpose of these experiments was to determine the effect of a variety of concentrations of green algae on reducing sugar and bioethanol production through liquefaction, saccharification, and fermentation. Green algae flour was obtained by drying in an oven at 60°C for 24 h, then was ground. The reducing sugar was obtained by two steps, i.e., liquefaction and saccharification. In liquefaction, the algae flour was put in an Erlenmeyer 2000 ml and added by 40 mg/l CaCl2, α-amylase, and water until the slurry volume was achieved 2000 ml, then heated at 90°C-100°C for 2 h. The next step was for saccharification, in this step HCl was added in the solution to achieve a pH of 4, and glucoamylase was added, then was heated at 60°C for 4 h. The final stage was fermentation, this solution was then added with urea, NPK, and yeast, then incubated for 72 h. After fermentation, the liquid was distilled to obtain bioethanol. The results showed that the addition of enzymes with a concentration of 2% yielded reducing sugar of 64.62, 34.38, 8.46, and 1.14 g/l, with green algal concentrations of 10, 30, and 40% (w/v), respectively. The bioethanol obtained was 0, 0.81, 2.92, and 5.29%, with reducing sugar of 64.62, 34.38, 8.46, and 1.14 g/l for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. However, the addition of enzymes with a concentration of 5% produced reducing sugar of 122.22, 55.32, 10.23, and 1.3 g/l, respectively. The bioethanol obtained was 0, 0.92, 3.71, and 8.16% for 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. It concluded that the maximum bioethanol obtained was 8.16 % at algae concentration of 40% (w/v) for 72 h of fermentation
Bioethanol Production from Wastewater of Brown Sugar Home Industry in Kediri via Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation
Get PDFBioethanol is ethanol whose main ingredients are from plants and generally use a pharmaceutical process. Therefore, Indonesia still needs a more effective source of bioethanol as fuel. Bioethanol production from vegetable waste is a realistic solution, one example is waste from the brown sugar home industry. The purpose of this research is to innovate the production of bioethanol by utilizing sap sugarcane waste in a brown sugar industry home using the Enzyme Hydrolysis and Fermentation Method. The process of making bioethanol is the raw material preparation stage, the hydrolysis stage, and the fermentation stage. The first stage, the preparation of raw materials is done by filtering the molasses waste and then dissolving it with distilled water in 2000 mL Erlenmeyer. the second stage, the hydrolysis stage, is to hydrolyze the molasses solution according to the predetermined ratio variables, by going through two stages in the hydrolysis stage, namely liquefaction and saccharification. In the liquefaction process, -amylase is added at a temperature of 90oC and heated on a hot plate stirrer for 2 hours. Then the saccharification stage was carried out by adding the enzyme gluco-amylase at a temperature of 65oC for 4 hours. The third stage, the fermentation stage, was carried out with variations of bread and yeast tape with the additional variables of 5%, 10%, and 15% nutrient (2% urea and 3%). Fermentation will be carried out for 3 days. The results showed that the maximum sugar content was achieved by using a concentration ratio of sugarcane juice: water = 1:0 with an enzyme hydrolysis process of 196.08 g/L. The maximum bioethanol content after fermentation was 18.6% and reducing sugar of 10.98 g/L was achieved by using 10% baker's yeast at a concentration of sugar cane juice: water ratio = 1:1. The maximum bioethanol content after the fermentation process was 12.96% and the reducing sugar was 27.78 g/L was achieved using 10% tape yeast at a concentration ratio of sugarcane juice: water = 1:1
