1,027 research outputs found
Health and access to health services of rural-to-urban migrant populations in Viet Nam
Get PDFViet Nam has increasing internal migration since the Renovation (Doi Moi) in 1986. Migration flows – particularly rural-to-urban migration – have positive and negative effects to migrants, their family, and socio-economics in their places of origin and of destination. On the one hand, migration is an opportunity for improving wages of migrants, for ensuring economic security of their family, and for contributing to social and economic developments of the country. On the other hand, migration bears risks to migrants – especially health-related risks – and pressures on infrastructure development and social services at destinations. Many studies on health issues of migrants suggested that rural-to-urban migrants are more vulnerable to ill-health and have less access to health services than non-migrants. However, studies up to date did not use population-based and comparative approaches between migrant and non-migrant populations nor validated study tools. The studies of this dissertation examined the health status of non-migrants and 03 groups of rural-to-urban migrants: migrants working in industrial zones (IZ), migrants working in private small enterprise (PSE), and seasonal migrants. In addition, studies have assessed the access to health services and identified barriers to the access of migrants.
The dissertation used a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach in four subsequent study phases. Phase 1 analyzed secondary data from the 1989, 1999, and 2009 national censuses to characterize trends and patterns of rural-to-urban migration in Viet Nam. We could show that inter-provincial migration flows have changed dramatically over time. There was an increase in relative and absolute migration flows, an inversion of the male-female ratio with higher proportions of women in 2009 than in previous years, and a decrease in the average age of migrants. We could also confirm the relationship between migration and provincial socio-economic status (i.e. monthly income per capita) and urbanization (i.e. proportion of urban population). These findings reflect an unequally growing labor market in Vietnamese provinces. The increase of migration flows challenges the national health system to ensure access to health care services and health insurances, as well as to develop health services adapted to these populations.
In Phase 2 we have evaluated the health status of migrants by using the Short Form 36 version 2 (SF-36v2). The SF-36v2 is a validated and widely used health status assessment form. In this phase, we have also compared health status and the access to health services of migrants with those of non-migrants. Findings confirmed the reliability of the Vietnamese SF-36v2. Findings also showed that seasonal migrants were more likely to have physical ill-health than other groups, while migrants working in IZ were more likely to have mental ill-health than non-migrants and other migrant populations. Health insurance registration was an important factor related to the utilization of health care services and migrants were less likely to use health services than non-migrants in the same municipalities.
Among migrant populations, seasonal migrants had the lowest health service utilization frequency. Indeed, low income is the main obstacle of the utilization of health care services for seasonal migrants. The outcomes of this are that they pay less attention to their health, attend in available health programs at the destination, and are less health care insured. These, in return, encourage self-treatment of seasonal migrants.
Findings from Phase 1 and Phase 2 also showed that female migrants accounted for the highest proportion of the whole migrant population. They faced many health risks, particularly reproductive health of female migrants working in IZ. Phase 3, therefore, focused on the evaluation of access to health services for reproductive tract infections (RTIs) among female migrants working in IZ. Findings of this phase showed that health insurance was an important factor influencing the utilization of health services, but also social-cultural factors such as traditional norms – that integrate reproductive health problems with sexual relationship. The latter led to shame of female migrants to seek health services for RTIs and other reproductive health services. Finally, in Phase 4, we have designed an intervention proposal for improved utilization of reproductive health services for female migrants aged 18-49 working in IZ in Viet Nam. This intervention program will use available resources and should increase health insurance coverage and their application to reproductive health care services of female migrants. It also aims to increase knowledge of these health issues and possibilities of the access to health care services of female migrants.
Based on the findings of my dissertation, I could formulate recommendations for future interventions and research, for policy makers, health service providers at destination, employers of migrants, and migrants. Briefly, policy makers should recognize that migrants are vulnerable to ill-health, including both physical and mental health. For specific interventions such as reproductive health (e.g. RTIs) they are a priority group. Health service providers should integrate adapted health programs for migrants into their routine health programs, for example, periodic gynaecological examination programs, expanded program on immunization (EPI), and other health promotion programs – which better ensures sustainability of intervention programs. Employers should comply with laws of social and health insurance for employees, especially migrant employees. Moreover, they should strengthen the capacity of their health care units and collaborate with local health systems to provide health care services to migrant employees. Finally, migrants should register for temporary residence at the destination because this will provide them rights in accessing social and health services. Also, they should have knowledge about benefits of health insurance and available kinds of health insurances. Migrants should have better access to health promotion programs and pay more attention to their health
Phytochemical profiling of Echinacea Genus: A mini review of chemical constituents of selected species
No full text<p>Truong Thi Diem Quynh, Tran Thi Diem Thuy, Pham Vu Khiem, Nguyen Viet Thien, Ha Hai Anh</p>
FIGURES 20–25 in Description of Chlorogomphus danhkyi sp. nov. from Vu Quang National Park, central Vietnam with notes on other congeners from the Park (Odonata Chlorogomphidae)
No full textFIGURES 20–25. Appendages of Chlorogomphus spp., ♂. (20, 21), C. nasutus; (22, 23), C. sachiyoae; (24, 25), C. tunti.Published as part of Phan, Quoc Toan, Karube, Haruki, Hung, Nguyen Viet & Anh, Tran Dinh, 2021, Description of Chlorogomphus danhkyi sp. nov. from Vu Quang National Park, central Vietnam with notes on other congeners from the Park (Odonata Chlorogomphidae), pp. 102-110 in Zootaxa 4985 (1) on page 108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/493036
sj-docx-1-onc-10.1177_11795549231203503 – Supplemental material for Relationships of BRAF V600E Gene Mutation With Some Immunohistochemical Markers and Recurrence Rate in Patients With Thyroid Carcinoma
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-onc-10.1177_11795549231203503 for Relationships of BRAF V600E Gene Mutation With Some Immunohistochemical Markers and Recurrence Rate in Patients With Thyroid Carcinoma by Tri Bui Dang Minh, Thuan Nghiem Duc, Van Phan Nguyen Thanh, Tuan Dinh Le, Minh Duc Tong, Trung Hoang Nguyen, Anh Le Tuan, Kien Xuan Nguyen, Tien Tran Viet, Thang Ba Ta, Son Tien Nguyen, Hai Anh Vu, Ba Van Nguyen, Dung Nguyen Thi Ngoc, Viet Tran Quoc and Thanh Bui Duc in Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology</p
sj-docx-1-npx-10.1177_1934578X231175263 - Supplemental material for Phytochemical Composition and Bioactivities of Essential Oils from Rhizomes of <i>Homalomena pendula</i> and <i>Homalomena cochinchinensis</i>
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-npx-10.1177_1934578X231175263 for Phytochemical Composition and Bioactivities of Essential Oils from Rhizomes of Homalomena pendula and Homalomena cochinchinensis by Linh Thuy Khanh Nguyen, Tuan Quoc Doan and
Phu Quynh Dinh Nguyen, Chau Bao Hoai Nguyen, Linh Thuy Thi Tran, Thi Van Anh Tran, Hoai Thi Nguyen, Duc Viet Ho in Natural Product Communications</p
The Song Da magmatic suite revisited: A petrologic, geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic study on picrites, flood basalts and silicic volcanic rocks
No full textPermo-Triassic intermediate–felsic magmatism of the Truong Son belt, eastern margin of Indochina
No full textBadania nad zabezpieczeniem społecznym przez buddyzm w dynastii Tran
No full textDuring the period from 8th Century to early decades of the 14th Century, Dai Viet was in the course of prosperous development with reigns of Tran Thai Tong (ruled from 1226-1258), Tran Thanh Tong (1258-1278), Tran Nhan Tong (1278-1293), Tran Anh Tong (1293-1314), Tran Minh Tong (1914-1329), and Trang Hien Ton (1329-1341). We can say that this is time of prosperity and advance of Tran Dynasty. The Tran Kings’ piety upon Buddhism had a great impact on thought and government policies, especially the spirit of equality and humanity. Kings of Tran express a great care on life of the people, try to relieve their toils, reduce their duties, help the poor, and enhance the social security.116 From Tran Du Tong onwards, all was not as before anymore. Research on social security by Buddhism in Tran dynasty can be presented in many aspects, but this article just focuses on clarifying the social security through Buddhism’s care on material and spiritual life of the people.W okresie od VIII wieku do wczesnych dekad XIV wieku - za czasów panowania: Tran Thai Tong (rządził od 1226-1258), Tran Thanh Tong (1258-1278), Tran Nhan Tong (1278-1293), Tran Anh Tong (1293-1314), Tran Minh Tong (1914-1329), i Trang Hien Ton (1329-1341) - Dai Viet był w na drodze rozwoju. Można powiedzieć, że jest to czas prosperity i postępu dynastii Tran. Pobożność królów Tranu wobec buddyzmu miała wielki wpływ na myślenie i politykę rządu, zwłaszcza na ducha równości i człowieczeństwa. Królowie dynastii Tran wyrażają wielką troskę o życie ludzi, starają się ulżyć im w trudach, zmniejszają ich obowiązki, pomagają biednym i zwiększają bezpieczeństwo społeczne. Od czasów Tran Du Tong, wszystko nie było już takie jak dawniej. Badania nad zabezpieczeniem społecznym przez Buddyzm w dynastii Tran można przedstawić w wielu aspektach, niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się jednak tylko na wyjaśnieniu zabezpieczenia społecznego poprzez opiekę Buddyzmu nad materialnym i duchowym życiem ludzi
A calcineurin B-like protein participates in low oxygen signalling in rice
No full textFollowing the identification of the calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 15 (CIPK15), which is a regulator of starch degradation, the low O2 signal elicited during rice germination under submergence has been linked to the sugar sensing cascade and calcium (Ca2+) signalling. CIPK proteins are downstream effectors of calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), which act as Ca2+ sensors, whose role under low O2 has yet to be established. In the present study we describe CBL4 as a putative CIPK15 partner, transcriptionally activated under low O2 in rice coleoptiles. The transactivation of the rice embryo CBL4 transcript and CBL4 promoter was influenced by the Ca2+ blocker ruthenium red (RR). The bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay associated to fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) analysis confirmed that CBL4 interacts with CIPK15. The CBL4-CIPK15 complex is localised in the cytoplasm and the plasma-membrane. Experiments in protoplasts showed a dampening of Î1⁄4-amylase 3 (RAMY3D) expression after CBL4 silencing by artificial miRNA. Our results suggest that under low O2, the Ca2+ sensor CBL4 interacts with CIPK15 to regulate RAMY3D expression in a Ca2+-dependent manner
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