1,721,075 research outputs found
Post-malaria delayed cerebellar ataxia in a traveller
No full textAn Italian traveller returning from Kenya was diagnosed and treated for malaria. Fourteen days later, he developed cerebellar symptoms and was diagnosed with delayed cerebellar ataxia (DCA), a rare, self-limiting post-malarial neurological complication with a favourable prognosis that may appear after effectively treated malaria
Fifty years after the eradication of Malaria in Italy. The long pathway toward this great goal and the current health risks of imported malaria
No full textFifty years ago, Italy was declared a malaria-free country by the World Health Organization (WHO). In remembering this important anniversary, the authors of this paper describe the long journey that led to this goal. In the century following the unification of Italy, malaria was one of the main public health problems. At the end of the 19th century, malaria cases amounted to 2 million, with 15,000-20,000 deaths per year. This manuscript examines the state of public and social health in Italy from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, with particular regard to the government's measures for the prevention, prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. The authors describe the main findings of Italian malariologists during the period under review, from the identification of Plasmodium as a malaria pathogen and the recognition of the Anopheles mosquito as its vector. They also make some considerations regarding the current situation and the importation of malaria by travelers and migrants from countries where the disease is still endemic
Strongyloides stercoralis: the need for accurate information
No full textNo abstract available; Lette
Restaging Pulmonary Schistosomiasis
No full textSchistosomiasis is traditionally classified into an acute and a chronic phase, although a precise temporal distinction between the two phases has not been established. Lung involvement can be observed in both phases. We previously reported seven cases of pulmonary lesions due to chronic schistosomiasis in African immigrants. All cases were documented with CT scans and demonstrated complete resolution after treatment with praziquantel. Moreover, another case showed spontaneous disappearance of the nodule before treatment with praziquantel. These findings are similar to those observed in the acute phase of schistosomiasis, with well-defined or ground glass nodules that resolve spontaneously. According to these findings, we postulate the presence of an "intermediate" phase of schistosomiasis involving the lungs that can be defined as an "early chronic phase," and presents analogies to the acute phase. We also hypothesize that in the "early chronic phase," the female worms transit through the lungs where they may lay eggs. These passages not only cause transient, but also radiologically visible alterations. The pathophysiology of lung lesions in the late chronic phase is probably different: the adult worms settled in the mesenteric plexuses produce eggs for years. The eggs repeatedly migrate to the perialveolar capillary beds via portal-caval shunting. Thus, in this case it is the eggs and not the adult worms that reach the lungs in a scattered way. Based on our findings, we suggest the alternative hypothesis that the pulmonary involvement is a phase of the natural evolution of the infection, both from Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium
The impact of schistosomiasis co-infection in the presentation of viral hepatitis B in migrants: An observational study in non-endemic area
No full textIn Europe, the prevalence rates of schistosomiasis and HBV infection in migrants from sub-Saharan Africa are high. The co-infection schistosomiasis-HBV has been scarcely studied
Radiographic and HRCT imaging findings of chronic pulmonary schistosomiasis: review of 10 consecutive cases
Full text linkObjective: To describe the chest radiography (CR) and the high resolution CT (HRCT) imaging findings of chronic pulmonary schistosomiasis (CPS)Methods and materials: This retrospective study included 10 patients suffering from CPS, studied between September 2013 and October 2016 by using CR and HRCT. Images were reviewed by two experienced radiologists in consensus, blinded to clinical data. A p value < 0.05 was considered significantResults: All the patients enrolled showed some abnormalities at HRCT, including lung consolidations, solid nodules, nodules with pen-nodular halo, ground-glass opacities, enlarged hilar lymph-nodes. Only seven patients showed findings at CR (p = 0.001). At CT, none of the patients had significant pleural, vascular (pulmonary arteries) or cardiac findings. Post-therapy studies (mean interval 35 days) demonstrated the absence of residual disease in all patients.Conclusion: The imaging findings of CPS varied widely in our study population. HRCT may show signs which are occult on plain radiograph. All lesions disappeared after appropriate therapy at imaging follow-up studie
Ivermectin concentration in breastmilk of a woman with Strongyloides stercoralis and human T-lymphotropic virus-I co-infection
No full textIvermectin is a widely used drug for the treatment of various neglected tropical diseases, such as lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, and strongyloidiasis among others. Despite its excellent safety profile, there are few published studies of the use of ivermectin in children, pregnant and nursing women. In the present study, we report clinical data on ivermectin concentrations in breastmilk of a woman with Strongyloides stercoralis and HTLV-I coinfection. Ivermectin levels in breastmilk ranged from 1.4 to 20.8 ng/ml, with a mean of 9.26 ng/ml after a single dose of 200 μg/kg. We estimated the possible ivermectin exposure of the infant to be 1.1 μg/kg, 0.55% of the weight-adjusted percentage of the maternal dose. This value is largely under the threshold established by the World Health Organization for safe breastfeeding. Our results bolster previous findings on the secretion of ivermectin into breastmilk in healthy volunteers. The findings from this case study do not support exclusion of lactating women or interrupting lactation to accommodate it
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Additional file 2: of Acute histoplasmosis in immunocompetent travelers: a systematic review of literature
Full text linkCOI disclosure of each Author. (DOCX 90 kb
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