1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
The Impact of Internal and External Resources, and Strategic Actions in Business Networks on Firm Performance in the Software Industry
No full textUnderstanding the variance in firm performance has been an important topic in the strategic management literature. In the last two decades it has become particularly interesting as business networks increasingly have become an integrated part of a firm's environment. Besides the internal resources, the less-controlled external resources in the firm’s business networks to affect its performance too. The uncertainty associated with the lower levels of control over external resources implies that there is room for strategic actions as a moderator to obtain better firm performance. This study investigates the following research question: What are the roles of internal and external resources, and strategic actions in business networks, and what is their relationship with firm performance? We propose a conceptual framework that adopts an integrated view to study firm performance in an environment where firms become increasingly interconnected. It combines the Resource-based View (RBV), which predominantly looks at a firm's internal resources as a source of competitive advantage as well as the network perspective, which emphasizes the resources inherent in a firm’s business network as a source of competitive advantage. This thesis starts with the notion that a firm is an autonomous entity operating in an environment and aiming for improving its performance. Following the RBV, a firm owns inherently unique resources that differentiate it from other firms. When these resources are valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable (VRIN), they become sources of sustained competitive advantage and firm performance. In addition, firms are also economic agents that depend on other members in a business network and require complementary resources from their partners. They consciously act and react to threats and opportunities in their business network. These opportunities or threats, either from collaborators or competitors, affect a firm's competitive advantage. Therefore, we propose a conceptual framework of strategic actions that acts as a mechanism to enhance and protect a firm’s VRIN conditions and sustain firm performance. The research starts with a literature review and develops a conceptual model. The conceptual model takes into account a firm’s internal resources, external resources and strategic actions as three important factors influencing firm performance. This is followed by an empirical study in Chapter 3 to examine the direct relationships and the interactions between internal or external resources and the influence on firm performance. We conducted a regression analysis on 96 cases of firms that are publicly listed with SIC 7372 and are part of a network of software industry in 2007. The findings are not as straightforward as expected, and confirm other research, i.e. internal resources, measured by technological and marketing assets, are not consistent and positive explanatory variables of firm performance. External resources, as represented by structural autonomy, directly influence firm performance and the relationship is positive, as expected. The findings also show that the inclusion of a firm’s external resources increases the explained variance in firm performance. This raises the question to what extent firm performance is not only dependent on the resources it possesses, as articulated by the RBV and network perspective, but also on their strategic actions in their business networks. In Chapter 4, we investigate the strategic actions among four (4) firms in the pre-packaged software industry. The case studies indicate that strategic actions do play an important role in the relationship between a firm’s resources and its performance. We identified a number of strategic actions and found that firms that perform well, put more emphasis on different strategic actions, compared to firms that perform less. The findings based on the four cases, indicate that strategic actions in the relationship between a firm’s resources and performance are important. These strategic actions underline the need to augment the RBV and network perspective with strategic actions that reflect actions that enhance or protect the resources of a firm in order to improve its performance. To better understand the general influence of strategic actions, it is important to develop an instrument to measure a firm’s strategic actions in a business network. In an earlier study, Venkatraman developed a model of six dimensions that reflect strategic actions and we extend this model with a network perspective on strategy. We tested the questionnaire using 54 responses we received from a survey conducted in the Dutch IT-software industry. The results indicate that there are distinct dimensions reflecting the firm’s strategic orientation toward its partners, in terms of managing efficiency, dependence and tensions when collaborating and competing in a business network. Because a firm’s business network consists of complex and multifaceted phenomena, it requires a variety of concepts to understand the role of strategic actions in it. The first contribution of this study is that we extend the RBV with the network perspective to explicitly take into account a firm’s external resources as factors influencing firm performance. The second contribution refers to the inclusion of firm strategic actions as an instrument to enhance and protect the VRIN conditions of a firm’s resources. Strategic actions seem to be an important set of variables that so far has been overlooked, while it is important when it comes to realizing the full potential of a firm’s resources. Internal resources, external resources and strategic actions are all important in explaining firm performance. These findings allow us to complement the main causal mechanism of RBV, i.e. that firm resources are a source of sustained competitive advantage, with the influence of strategic actions to enhance and safeguard sustained competitive advantage. Our third contribution is the creation and initial testing of a tool to measure strategic orientation that explicitly includes network-related strategy and captures a firm’s emphases on various strategic dimensions. We underline the importance of the match between a firm’s resources and strategic actions in improving its performance. Being connected in a business network, a firm’s strategy may not be categorized in one strategy dimension, but it is a multi-dimensional set of actions that reinforce each other to capture the benefits, reduce the costs, and manage the risks. Firms like SAP or Autodesk capitalize their internal and partners’ resources and showed proactive and visionary strategic actions that enabled them to move ahead of their competitors and to enjoy the benefits of early commitment to technology development. They were also able to engage in defensive and analytical strategic actions that enabled them to maintain or improve their efficiency. They also took some aggressive strategic actions that enabled them to maintain their independency with regard to both their competitors and collaborators. Firms may put different emphases on the various strategic dimensions which allow them to orchestrate strategic actions and balance the forces that it faces in its external business network. From managerial point of view, this research provides some thoughts about a firm’s strategy in a business network. Having an integrated and coherent strategy shows the manager’s ability to balance the benefits and the threats embedded in a firms’ business network. There are three main building blocks which provide questions to guide managers in diagnosing and evaluating the breadth and coherence of their strategy, which ultimately influences firm performance. These three building blocks are (1) identifying a firm’s resource positions, (2) aligning resources and strategic actions, and (3) evaluating the strategic actions firms can employ in a business network.Economics of Technology and InnovationTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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