24 research outputs found
RAPID EX SITU COLLECTION AND THERMAL BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC MATTERS BY THERMAL EXTRACTION CONE CHAMBER FOR HIGH UN-BURNT CARBON COAL FLY ASH
No full textA thermal extraction cone chamber system has been modified to measure differential thermal functions and products where overall volatile organic matters are lost to the environment during heating. The aims of the research are to analyze and measure the thermal behavior of high un-burnt carbon coal fly ash derived from textile industrial power in Bandung. Efforts are being made to find the solution in large-scale utilization for alternative energy based on their by product. The sample analysis show that volatile organics matter exceed 30%, which means that others oxides element content are independently favorable. The modified cone chamber can collect the sample up to the total volumes of 30% of the chamber. In contrast to traditional chamber sample collectors, the modified cone extracts volatile organics matter from high un-burnt carbon coal ash divided in two treatments. Results show that the energy of pyrolisis, direct combustion or simple carbonization can be recovered (20%-42%) from wet or dry sample, with extraction efficiency compound-specific. During the direct combustion experimentation, resulted to the embedded energy is pushing up to 2790C for the average of volatile organic matters of 34% and for pyrolisis experimentation is 3300C for average volatile organic matters of 30%. The maximum thermal productivity values of 80 minutes for the direct combustion is 10220C and for pyrolisis is 10310C, and the contrary of 10 minutes, for the direct combustion is 7430C and for pyrolisis is 7010
Hydrothermal Treatment of Hokkaido Peat - An Application of FTIR and 13C NMR Spectroscopy on Examining of Artificial Coalification Process and Development
No full textNon
Alkaline hydrothermal de-ashing and desulfurization of low quality coal and its application to hydrogen-rich gas generation
No full textHydrothermal extraction and gasification of low rank coal with catalyst Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3
No full textFormation Mechanism of Titanium Silicon Carbide: The Effect of Different Composition of Starting Materials
No full textPENCAIRAN BATUBARA PERINGKAT RENDAH DENGAN KATALIS Al2O3 DAN Pd/Al2O3 MENGGUNAKAN METODE HOT COMPRESSED WATER
No full textMetode hot compressed water (HCW) dapat menjadi metode dalam ekstraksi batubara sehingga dapat dihasilkan filtrat yang mengandung senyawa organik dalam bentuk cairan maupun minyak. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan variasi laju alir air dalam proses ekstraksi dan juga dengan adanya penambahan katalis Al2O3 dan Pd/ Al2O3 untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap hasil ekstraksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan laju alir yang lebih tinggi dihasilkan filtrat yang mengandung senyawa organik lebih tinggi. Percobaan dengan menambahkan katalis mengakibatkan proses berjalan lebih cepat sehingga dihasilkan nilai bilangan organik (BO) lebih tinggi dan residu yang tersisa semakin sedikit. Hasil FTIR residu menunjukkan bahwa ekstraksi batubara dengan HCW lebih efektif jika menggunakan katalis Pd/ Al2O3 yang selektif dalam mendegradasi senyawa organik
Hydrothermal Carbonation of K–Rich Ash, Value Added Energy Engineering and CO2 Mineral Sequestration
No full textAbstractIn this paper, hydrothermal carbonation of raw K–rich ash derived from a palm oil plant factory in West Kalimantan, Indonesia had been studied and evaluated at varying temperatures of 50°C to 300°C, initial CO2 pressure at between 2MPa to 2.5MPa and a maximum final pressure of 8.5MPa and a residence time of 30min. The yield of the solid products was about between 47 wt% and 66 wt% and the effective CO2 content which was captured by hydrothermally solid products was between 0.057 ton · ton–1 and 0.115 ton · ton–1 following hydrothermal carbonation. In addition, dehydration of solid product occurred at mostly 300°C, while oxidation was started at 50°C. Obviously, both the sorption–dissociation of CO2 in the solution and hydrothermal carbonation process produce a global pressure drop in the system resulting in CO2 mineral sequestration. The carbonation efficiency of solid–fluid interactions at 25°C and after 24h period was 25.36% and 0.05 954mol of CO2 were consumed by the carbonation process. At the condition applied, observed several possibilities were observed such as: the pH (alkalinity), total inorganic carbon, direct precipitation of carbonates minerals as well as crystallization of carbonates in the solution and solid products
The Effect of Wood Tar and Molasses Composition on Calorific Value and Compressive Strength in Bio-coke Briquetting
No full textBiomass-based materials have the potential to replace conventional cokes for blast furnaces in the steel manufacturing study. Biomass as a renewable energy source can reduce the consumption of coking coal. The current challenge is saving fossil energy and waste management. The steelmaking industry with environmentally friendly processes and high energy efficiency is expected today. Many researchers have partially developed biomass as an alternative renewable resource to replace fossil fuels. This study aimed to determine the effect of composition the blending ratio of wood tar and molasses as a binder on the calorific value and compressive strength of bio-coke. The carbonization of redwood waste to produce high-quality charcoal was carried out at 500 °C with a kiln rotation speed of 20 rpm and a slope of 5°. The resulting charcoal showed a promising result with a 23.87 MJ/kg calorific value. The carbonization process of the redwood increased the fixed carbon value by up to 130% and the calorific value by 40%. The second part of this study focuses on bio-coke production by blending coking coal with redwood charcoal at 90:10 wt%. The coking coal and the redwood charcoal particle sizes were 40 and 50 mesh, respectively. A 15 wt% binder was added to increase the compressive strength of the bio-coke. The binder composition ratios of molasses: wood tar were 15:0, (12.5:2.5), and 10:5 wt%. The briquette was pressed using a cylinder die with a height: diameter ratio of 2.7:5.0 cm, then compacted up to 20 MPa followed by heating at 1100 °C for four hours. The bio-coke with a binder composition of 2.5 wt% wood tar + 12.5 wt% molasses produced a compressive strength of up to 5.57 MPa with a sulfur content of 0.8 wt% and produced a calorific value of 31.25 MJ/kg with an ash content of 9.6%. The study showed that the bio-coke produced meets some requirements for steelmaking industry
Peningkatan Daya Serap Karbon Aktif Terhadap Ion Logam Hexavalent Chromium (CrVI) Melalui Modifikasi Dengan Cationic Surfactant (Ethylinediamine)
No full textABSTRAK Karbon aktif telah digunakan sebagai adsorban dalam pengolahan limbah cair industri dan terbukti mampu menyerap ion logam berat seperti Hg, Cu, Fe, namun kurang efektif terhadap ion logam hexavalent chromium (Cr.VI). Salah satu upaya peningkatan daya serap karbon aktif dapat dilakukan melalui modifikasi dengan cationic surfactant (Ethylinediamine, EDA), yakni dengan mengubah tegangan permukaan karbon aktif dari yang bersifat hydrophobic menjadi hydrophilic. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh prototip SMAC (Surfactant Modified Activated Carbon), yakni karbon aktif yang dimodifikasi dengan surfaktan, sehingga mempunyai daya serap tinggi terhadap ion logam hexavalent chromium (Cr.VI). Guna mencapai tujuan tersebut dilakukan treatment karbon aktif dari batubara dengan metoda batch. Parameter kimia dan fisika yang meliputi perubahan pH, suhu proses, waktu kontak, konsentrasi surfaktan dan berat karbon aktif digunakan sebagai parameter eksperimen. Mekanisme pembentukan prototip SMAC yang menyangkut karakteristik penyerapan diobservasi melalui analisis X-RD (X-Ray Diffractometer), FTIR (Fourier Transformer Infra Red), sedangkan daya serap terhadap ion logam hexavalent chromium (Cr.VI) diamati melalui analisis UV Spectrophotometry. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan daya serap karbon aktif termodifikasi (SMAC) terhadap ion logam hexavalent chromium (CrVI) sebesar dua kali lipat dibandingkan dengan karbon aktif biasa, dicapai pada kondisi pH 2, konsentrasi karbon aktif 5 g/liter dalam waktu kontak 2 jam
