67 research outputs found
INTRODUCTION, CRITICAL THEORY AND JEWISH THOUGHT
No full textThe Frankfurt School’s relationship to Judaism and Jewish thought has typically been considered accidental. Beyond the history of exile from and return to Frankfurt, and their scholarly efforts to understand the origins of anti-Semitism, no essential – or as they would say, “immanent” – correlation seems to exist between the project of Critical Theory and the Jewish background of its protagonists. In the Marxist tradition, moreover, Critical Theory is an objective, materialist undertaking, free of any theological, religious, spiritual influence or affiliation
Theodor W. Adorno & Gershom Scholem:Correspondence 1939-1969
No full textAt first glance, Theodor W. Adorno’s critical social theory and Gershom Scholem’s scholarship of Jewish mysticism could not seem farther removed from one another. To begin with, they also harbored a mutual hostility. But their first conversations in 1938 New York were the impetus for a profound intellectual friendship that lasted thirty years and produced more than 220 letters. These letters discuss the broadest range of topics in philosophy, religion, history, politics, literature, and the arts – as well as the life and the work of Adorno and Scholem’s mutual friend Walter Benjamin.Unfolding with the dramatic tension of a historic novel, the correspondence tells the story of these two intellectuals who faced tragedy, destruction, and loss, but also participated in the efforts to reestablish a just and dignified society after World War II. Scholem immigrated to Palestine before the war and developed his pioneering scholarship of Jewish mysticism before and during the problematic establishment of a Jewish state. Adorno escaped Germany to England, and then to America, returning to Germany in 1949 to participate in the efforts to rebuild and democratize German society. Despite the differences in the lifepaths and worldviews of Adorno and Scholem, their letters are evidence of mutual concern for intellectual truth and hope for a more just society in the wake of historical disaster.The letters reveal for the first time the close philosophical proximity between Adorno’s critical theory and Scholem’s scholarship of mysticism and messianism. Their correspondence touches on questions of reason and myth, progress and regression, heresy and authority, and the social dimensions of redemption. Above all, their dialogue sheds light on the power of critical, materialistic analysis of history to bring about social change and prevent repetition of the disasters of the past
Theodor W. Adorno & Gershom Scholem:Correspondence 1939-1969
No full textAt first glance, Theodor W. Adorno’s critical social theory and Gershom Scholem’s scholarship of Jewish mysticism could not seem farther removed from one another. To begin with, they also harbored a mutual hostility. But their first conversations in 1938 New York were the impetus for a profound intellectual friendship that lasted thirty years and produced more than 220 letters. These letters discuss the broadest range of topics in philosophy, religion, history, politics, literature, and the arts – as well as the life and the work of Adorno and Scholem’s mutual friend Walter Benjamin.Unfolding with the dramatic tension of a historic novel, the correspondence tells the story of these two intellectuals who faced tragedy, destruction, and loss, but also participated in the efforts to reestablish a just and dignified society after World War II. Scholem immigrated to Palestine before the war and developed his pioneering scholarship of Jewish mysticism before and during the problematic establishment of a Jewish state. Adorno escaped Germany to England, and then to America, returning to Germany in 1949 to participate in the efforts to rebuild and democratize German society. Despite the differences in the lifepaths and worldviews of Adorno and Scholem, their letters are evidence of mutual concern for intellectual truth and hope for a more just society in the wake of historical disaster.The letters reveal for the first time the close philosophical proximity between Adorno’s critical theory and Scholem’s scholarship of mysticism and messianism. Their correspondence touches on questions of reason and myth, progress and regression, heresy and authority, and the social dimensions of redemption. Above all, their dialogue sheds light on the power of critical, materialistic analysis of history to bring about social change and prevent repetition of the disasters of the past
Exploring Persian Lore in the Hebrew Book of Asaf
No full textThe Hebrew medical text referred to as Sefer refu’ot or Sefer Asaf (“Book of Asaf”) has long been considered one of the greatest mysteries of the Hebrew sciences with regards to fundamental questions such as the date and place of its composition and the identity of its author or authors. It has been dated anytime between the third and the eleventh centuries, and its composition has been located anywhere between Persia and southern Italy.
This paper explores some of the Persian lore in Sefer Asaf: the figure of Asaf himself, the similarity with other Persian or Persian-influenced accounts of the origins of the sciences; the appearance of the Indo-Iranian motif of the trees of medicine; the central importance given to Indic medical knowledge and the form and usage of the Persian months as they appear in the text.
Key contributions to the study of Sefer Asaf to date have argued for a Syriac connection while a number of other important studies have linked the text to a Persian cultural milieu. The data I present here links those two together and argues for dependence on material deriving from the Church of the East in Persia
THE ANIMA ARCHTYPE IN ASAF HÂLET ÇELEBİ’S POEMS
No full textEdebî eserde kodlanan kolektif bilinç dışı unsurları belirlemeyi hedefleyen arketipsel
eleştiri, Carl Gustav Jung tarafından şekillendirilmiştir. Yazar ya da şair, ortak/kolektif
bilinç dışında yer alan arketiplere seslendiğinde bireysellikten evrenselliğe
uzanabilmektedir. Cumhuriyet dönemi şairlerinden olan Asaf Hâlet Çelebi; Budizm, Eski
Doğu inançları, tasavvuf ve Türk divan edebiyatı geleneğine göndermelerde bulunarak
mistik bir anlayışla şiirlerini yazar. Masalsı bir atmosfere sahip olan şiirlerinde; bilinç
dışında yaşayan hayallerini, insan ruhunun ortak yanlarıyla kaynaştırarak ifade eder.
Şiirlerinde yer alan bilinç dışı izlerden birisi de, erkekteki dişil yön olarak tanımlanan
“anima” arketipidir. Bu çalışmada, Asaf Hâlet Çelebi’nin şiirlerinde anima arketipinin dışa vurumları araştırılmış ve elde edilen bulgular değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma
sonucunda Jung’un, her bireyin ortak/kolektif bilinç dışında yer aldığını vurguladığı
arketiplerden olan anima arketipinin, Asaf Hâlet Çelebi’nin şiirlerinde de etkin bir şekilde
kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Böylece şairin arketiplerden yararlandığı, şiirleri sayesinde bilinç dışındakini bilinç düzeyine çıkarabildiği ve bireysellikten evrenselliğe uzanan köprüyü arketipler ile kurduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.The archetypal critic that aims to detect collective unconscious objects
coded in literal works is formed by Carl Gustav Jung. When author or poet used archetypes
of humanity, he/she may reach to universality from individuality. Asaf Hâlet Çelebi who is
one of Republic period poets, expresses his unconscious dreams by mixing common traces
of human soul in his poems that have epic atmosphere. One of the unconscious traces in his
poems is “anima” archetype that is defined as feminine side of male. In this study,
expressions of anima archetype in Asaf Hâlet Çelebi’s poems are surveyed and outcomes
are evaluated. The performed study have shown that anima archetype which has been
expressed by Jung as a common/collective unconscious archetype in every person is widely
seen in Asaf Hâlet Çelebi’s poems. Therefore, it has been discovered that Poet benefited
from archetypes and outcomed the unconscious things to consciousness level. Once all the
obtained results of this study are evaluated, it is seen that the bridge from single personality
to universality can be formed by using archetypes in literal works
Review of German, Jew, Muslim, Gay: The Life and Times of Hugo Marcus By Marc David Baer.
No full textWhen Hugo Marcus (1880–1966), a German Jewish gay author, philosopher, and activist, converted to Islam in 1925, he “did not know yet what significance the word ‘jihad’ would one day mean to [him]. For it also signifies the duty to leave the country that is under godless rule, even if in so doing one has to give up one’s homeland. In this sense,” he wrote retrospectively in 1951, “I have been on a pilgrimage for the last twelve years” (135). In a footnote to this quotation from Marcus’s unpublished manuscript, Marc David Baer, author of this fascinating, erudite, and unusual biography, clarifies Marcus’s probable confusion between the Islamic terms jihad (holy war) and hejira (exile, migration). Driven away from his homeland in 1939, Marcus interpreted his own life in the religious vocabulary of Islam. But, ascending to become one the most prominent Muslims in pre-war Berlin, he also interpreted Islam in the light of his own experiences, worldviews, and wishes: as a German Jewish gay man. Not only was Marcus assigned with the monumentally significant project of editing and annotating the Qur’an’s translation into German, aimed at rendering it accessible to non-Arab speakers (reminiscent of Martin Buber and Franz Rosenzweig’s project of the Hebrew Bible’s translation into German, which would be an interesting point of comparison), but he also published numerous articles discussing Islam and philosophy as well as homoerotic fiction with Islamic themes
The International Arbitration of Territorial Disputes
No full textAsaf Siniver provides a systematic and comparative analysis of the role of international arbitration in the settlement of interstate territorial disputes. He engages with International Relations (IR) and International Law (IL) scholarships to locate the unique characteristics of arbitration as a legal method of dispute settlement, distinct from the other legal method of adjudication ('judicial settlement') and diplomatic methods such as negotiation and mediation.A novel framework examines both political and legal dimensions to analyse (i) under what conditions states are more likely to pursue a legal settlement of their territorial dispute via arbitration as opposed to the more popular diplomatic method of mediation, and (ii) what explains compliance with, or defiance of international law in such cases. In so doing, the author sets to reclaim the sui generis nature of arbitration as a unique legal-political method which enables the disputants to maintain the considerable flexibility and autonomy often found in mediation, whilst providing the same final and legally binding solution that adjudication offers.Exploring a wide range of primary sources, including interviews, archival research, and official documents, and employing qualitative research methods, Siniver applies the analytical framework to four contemporary cases of international arbitration: the arbitration over the Rann of Kutch between India and Pakistan (1966-68); the Beagle Channel arbitration between Chile and Argentina (1971-77), the Taba arbitration between Egypt and Israel (1986-88), and the South China Sea arbitration between The Philippines and China (2013-16)
Qadi an-Nu'man The Fatimid Jurist and Author
No full textAny complete biography of Qādī an-Nu'mān, the most illustrious of Ismā'īlī jurists, must necessarily be based on two kinds of sources, internal and external. He was a very prolific author, and although not all his works which were extant some 400 years ago have come down to us, a good many of his akhbār and fiqh works are still preserved. It would be necessary to go through all of these and collect all autobiographical information before the definitive biography of the Qāḍī can be attempted. Even purely fiqh works like the Mukhtaṣaru'l-Athār contain occasional references to contemporary events. The brief biography given below does not profess to be exhaustive; it is based in the main on three external sources, which seem to contain all that was definitely known of this great lawyer, the founder and the greatest exponent of Ismā'īlī jurisprudence. The difficulty of writing on Ismā'īlī subjects is well known; it is next to impossible to expect any co-operation from the sectarians themselves. I am trying, however, to obtain information from different sources, and if ever I am able to study all the works extant of the Qāḍī, a more comprehensive biography may be attempted.</jats:p
Cluster and alpha decay of superheavy nuclei
No full textWe investigated cluster radioactivity and alpha decay of some superheavy nuclei with atomic numbers Z = 119, 120 , which may be produced in the future. Two models are used to calculate the half-lives against cluster radioactivity: ASAF (Analytical Super-Asymmetric Fission) and UNIV (Universal Formula). For decay half-lives we are based on four models: ASAF, UNIV, semFIS (semi-empirical formula based on Fission Theory) and AKRA (first author Akrawy). The Q -values are calculated using the theoretical model of atomic masses WS10, which sometimes is called W4
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