1,720,955 research outputs found
Increasing demand for health facility birth. A qualitative study exploring barriers and facilitators for skilled care utilization in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Get PDFThe current study aims to explore women’s and health workers experiences and perceptions on barriers and facilitators for health facility delivery in Northern Ethiopia. Ethiopia has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world and few women give birth in a health facility. The World Health Organization states that the most efficient strategy to reduce maternal mortality is to secure skilled attendance at birth, which involves the assistance of skilled health workers in an enabling environment with possibilities of referral. The Ethiopian government has adopted this strategy. The factors associated with use of health facilities for birth are well known, but there is limited research on why women seek health facility for their delivery and what is required to increase the demand for health facility delivery. The study was conducted in North Gondar zone in the Amhara region in Ethiopia in 2012 and used a qualitative approach. 29 participants from rural, semi-urban and urban settings were recruited. The sample included women with experience of health facility birth, women without experience of health facility birth, one husband, and health workers working in delivery wards in two health centres and one hospital. The data were collected through indepth interviews in community and health facility settings, and non-participant observation in the hospital labour ward. The Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability and Quality (AAAQ) framework were drawn upon in the analysis of the data combined with the concepts of trust, security and authoritative knowledge. “Thematic Content Analysis” was applied as a procedural guideline. The findings confirm that distance to the health facility, access to transport and unpredictable cost are major barriers for health facility birth. The study also found that acceptability of health facility delivery in terms of respectful attitudes, having privacy and support, and quality of care related to medical safety, may be as essential to improve as the issues regarding availability and accessibility in order to increase the demand for health facility birth. Availability and accessibility was naturally a larger barrier for use of birth services in rural areas. The acceptability of birth services seemed to vary with the location, but the perception of health workers as impolite and unsupportive dominated our findings. The AAAQ framework was essential to identify the barriers and facilitators for health facility birth from a health system perspective. Social and cultural context related to childbirth were introduced to address additional factors. Who was trusted as a birth attendant was closely associated with who women saw as having ‘the authoritative knowledge of birth’ and the appropriate place to give birth seemed to be linked to concerns about feeling secure in both medical and social terms. This varied in the rural, semi-urban and urban settings and produced patterns in perceptions about ‘the appropriate place to give birth’. For women in the urban area, the health facility was generally perceived to be the appropriate place to give birth, while women in rural areas considered home as the appropriate place to give birth. Women in semiurban settings differed in their perceptions on the appropriate place to give birth. Based on the study findings I conclude that in order to increase demand for health facility delivery, one needs to address not only availability and accessibility issues which have been high on the Ethiopian health policy agenda recently, but also issues related to acceptability and quality of care. The social and cultural context also has to be taken into consideration because one needs to understand why the women choose their home before the health facility to give birth. The thesis is based on the current guidelines provided by the Centre for International Health, University of Bergen. The chosen format is a monograph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
