103 research outputs found
Ablation of aquaporin‐9 ameliorates the systemic inflammatory response of lps‐induced endotoxic shock in mouse
No full textSeptic shock is the most severe complication of sepsis, being characterized by a systemic inflammatory response following bacterial infection, leading to multiple organ failure and dra-matically high mortality. Aquaporin‐9 (AQP9), a membrane channel protein mainly expressed in hepatocytes and leukocytes, has been recently associated with inflammatory and infectious re-sponses, thus triggering strong interest as a potential target for reducing septic shock‐dependent mortality. Here, we evaluated whether AQP9 contributes to murine systemic inflammation during endotoxic shock. Wild type (Aqp9+/+; WT) and Aqp9 gene knockout (Aqp9−/−; KO) male mice were submitted to endotoxic shock by i.p. injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 40 mg/kg) and the related survival times were followed during 72 h. The electronic paramagnetic resonance and confocal microscopy were employed to analyze the nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2−) produc-tion, and the expression of inducible NO‐synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxigenase‐2 (COX‐2), respec-tively, in the liver, kidney, aorta, heart and lung of the mouse specimens. LPS‐treated KO mice survived significantly longer than corresponding WT mice, and 25% of the KO mice fully recov-ered from the endotoxin treatment. The LPS‐injected KO mice showed lower inflammatory NO and O2− productions and reduced iNOS and COX‐2 levels through impaired NF‐κB p65 activation in the liver, kidney, aorta, and heart as compared to the LPS‐treated WT mice. Consistent with these results, the treatment of FaO cells, a rodent hepatoma cell line, with the AQP9 blocker HTS13268 prevented the LPS‐induced increase of inflammatory NO and O2−. A role for AQP9 is suggested in the early acute phase of LPS‐induced endotoxic shock involving NF‐κB signaling. The modulation of AQP9 expression/function may reveal to be useful in developing novel endotoxemia therapeutics
DOES DONKEY’S MILK MAY REPRESENT AN ALTRNATIVE DIETARY SUPPORT IN PATIENTS WITH COW’S MILK-INDUCED IgE- MEDIATED AND NON- IgE- MEDIATED DISORDERS? CASE REPORTS
No full textPRODUCTION OF DONKEY MILK FOR HUMAN FEEDING: CHANGES OF GROSS COMPOSITION AND ENERGETIC VALUE DURING LACTATION
No full textAccompagnement d'une communauté hétérogène d'étudiants dans l'orientation et la réussite
No full textInternational audienceThe TREMP-Li-N course was created at the Faculty of Science and Technology of Nantes University in response to the ORE law (Orientation and Success of Students) in 2018, so that students who are far from the expected knowledge can acquire, during a preparatory year, the necessary foundations to integrate the first year of the Bachelor's degree of their choice the following year. This community of about a hundred students is heterogenous due to different geographic origin and anterior formation, as well as social-economic level. These students mayhave several reasons for dropping out during the year, linked to health problems (autism, epilepsy, dyslexia, etc.), the need to work alongside their studies, family problems, etc.From four years participatory workshops for personal development and university work methodologies transmission are proposed to this community of students.These workshops, designed by the psychologist Hélène Weber, address transversal skills necessary for university success (learning to learn, to work and communicate in a team, to organize, to orientate and to motivate oneself). They promote exchange and mutual assistance in the class group, better orientation in training as well as the establishment of an educational relationship of trust and support for the accompanying teacher (Weber H, 2019 and 2022).The Covid-19 health crisis in 2020 allowed the evolution of the system towards the creation of ten workshops hybridized (remote reflection of the student, response to questions and submission homework, face-to-face exchange with the group and the teacher). This educational development for the most introspective workshops favorized the exchanges with the group and the teacher and continues to be applied.The orientation workshop, which aims to align the tastes, talents and values of students to give meaning to their studies and professional projects, is the most relevant example.The positioning of the workshop over the year, the posture of the teacher and the educational relationship of trust between the students and the teacher (Kozanitis & Latte 2017) are essential for the animation of introspective workshops.We have noticed tangible beneficial effects of CARé workshops on student success and the reduction in dropouts of first-time entrants to TREMP-Li-N course (Tesse et al., 2023).Each year, teachers are trained to run these workshops on transversal skills. The 100% digital modules help to the self-training of these facilitators. However, training university teachers to run workshops on transversal skills and the most introspective workshop on “guidance for a meaningful life” is a challenge. Consequently, offering the most difficult workshop during this i-Lab would make it possible to raise appropriation difficulties and provide solutions of this specific workshop addressed to train the community of teacher facilitators.Le parcours TREMP-Li-N a été créé à la Faculté de Sciences et Techniques de Nantes en réponse à la loi ORE (Orientation et Réussite des Étudiants) en 2018, pour que des étudiants loin des attendus puissent acquérir, en une année préparatoire, les bases nécessaires pour intégrer, l'année suivante, la première année de la Licence de leur choix. Cette communauté d'une centaine d'étudiants est hétérogène due à l'origine géographique, la formation antérieure, l'âge et le niveau socio-économique. Ces étudiants peuvent avoir plusieurs raisons pour décrocher en cours d'année, liées à des problèmes de santé (autisme, épilepsie, dyslexie...), au besoin de travailler en parallèle de leurs études, à des problèmes familiaux, etc...Depuis quatre ans, des ateliers participatifs de développement personnel et des méthodologies de travail universitaire leur sont proposés. Ces ateliers, mis en place dans le projet CARé (Centre d'Aide à la Réussite Étudiante), pensés par la psychologue Hélène Weber, abordent des compétences transversales nécessaires pour la réussite universitaire (apprendre à apprendre, à travailler et communiquer en équipe, à s'organiser, à s'orienter et à se motiver). Ils favorisent l'échange et l'entraide dans le groupe classe, une meilleure orientation dans la formation ainsi que l'installation d'une relation pédagogique de confiance et d'appuis sur l'enseignant accompagnateur (Weber H, 2019 et 2022). La crise sanitaire Covid-19 en 2020 a permis l'évolution du dispositif vers la création de dix ateliers hybrides (réflexion en distanciel de l'étudiant, réponse à des questions et dépôt de devoir, échange en présentiel avec le groupe et l'enseignant). Cette évolution pédagogique pour les ateliers les plus introspectifs a permis de dynamiser les échanges avec le groupe et l'enseignant et continue à être appliquée. L'atelier sur l'orientation, qui vise à aligner les gouts, les talents et les valeurs des étudiants pour donner du sens à leur projet d'études et professionnel en est l'exemple le plus pertinent. Le positionnement de l'atelier sur l'année, la posture de l'enseignant et la relation pédagogique de confiance entre les étudiants et l'enseignant (Kozanitis & Latte 2017) sont essentiels pour l'animation des ateliers introspectifs. Nous avons remarqué des effets bénéfiques tangibles des ateliers CARé sur la réussite des étudiants et la réduction des décrochages des primo-entrants du parcours TREMP-Li-N (Tesse et al., 2023). Chaque année des enseignants sont formés à l'animation de ces ateliers portant sur les compétences transversales. Les modules 100% numériques aident à l'autoformation de ces animateurs. Cependant, former des enseignants universitaires à l'animation d'ateliers portant sur les compétences transversales et sur un atelier plus introspectif concernant « l'orientation pour une vie qui a du sens » est un défi. Par conséquent, proposer aux participants de cet i-Lab l'atelier le plus difficile, en hybride (atelier numérique avant puis échange en présentiel), permettrait de soulever des difficultés d'appropriation et d'apporter des pistes dans l'animation de cet atelier spécifique pour former la communauté des enseignants animateurs à l'accompagnement d'une communauté hétérogène d'étudiants
Cult Places and Cultural Change in Republican Italy
No full textThis scholarly study throws a new light on the Roman impact on religious structures in Republican Italy. In the last four centuries BC, Italy went through immense changes. The Apennine and Adriatic areas were originally inhabited by various 'Italic' tribes and characterised by a specific non-urban societal organisation, in which cult places had a pivotal function. From the fourth century BC onwards the area was gradually incorporated by Rome, profoundly altering its geopolitical make-up. The author not only investigates the changing social and political function of cult places in non-Roman Italic society, he also highlights the importance of cult places and religious rituals for new Roman communities in the conquered areas. This research thus opens new perspectives on the issue of the 'religious romanisation' of Italy by arguing for a strong Roman impact also in non-urbanised areas. Tesse Stek bases his study on the analysis of archaeological, literary and epigraphic evidence from rural cult places in Central and Southern Italy, including field work on the Samnite temple of S. Giovanni in Galdo. Amsterdam Archaeological Studies is a series devoted to the study of past human societies from the prehistory up into modern times, primarily based on the study of archaeological remains. The series will include excavation reports of modern fieldwork; studies of categories of material culture; and synthesising studies with broader images of past societies, thereby contributing to the theoretical and methodological debates in archaeology. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org
Cult Places and Cultural Change in Republican Italy
No full textThis scholarly study throws a new light on the Roman impact on religious structures in Republican Italy. In the last four centuries BC, Italy went through immense changes. The Apennine and Adriatic areas were originally inhabited by various 'Italic' tribes and characterised by a specific non-urban societal organisation, in which cult places had a pivotal function. From the fourth century BC onwards the area was gradually incorporated by Rome, profoundly altering its geopolitical make-up. The author not only investigates the changing social and political function of cult places in non-Roman Italic society, he also highlights the importance of cult places and religious rituals for new Roman communities in the conquered areas. This research thus opens new perspectives on the issue of the 'religious romanisation' of Italy by arguing for a strong Roman impact also in non-urbanised areas. Tesse Stek bases his study on the analysis of archaeological, literary and epigraphic evidence from rural cult places in Central and Southern Italy, including field work on the Samnite temple of S. Giovanni in Galdo
SIRT1 Signaling Is Involved in the Vascular Improvement Induced by Moringa Oleifera Seeds during Aging
No full textVascular aging is linked to reduce NO bioavailability, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. We previously showed that a 4-week treatment of middle-aged Wistar rats (MAWRs, 46 weeks old) with Moringa oleifera seed powder (MOI, 750 mg/kg/day) improved vascular function. Here, we investigated the involvement of SIRT1 in MOI-induced vascular improvement. MAWRs were treated with a standard or MOI-containing diet. Young rats (YWR, 16 weeks old) were the controls and received a standard diet. The hearts and aortas were harvested to evaluate SIRT1 and FOXO1 expression via Western blot and/or immunostaining, SIRT1 activity via a fluorometric assay, and oxidative stress using the DHE fluorescent probe. In the hearts and aortas, SIRT1 expression, reduced in MAWRs compared to YWRs, was enhanced in MOI MAWRs. In the hearts, SIRT1 activity did not differ between YWRs and MAWRs, whereas it was increased in MOI MAWRs compared with them. In the aortas, SIRT1 activity decreased in MAWRs, and it was similar in the MOI MAWRs and YWRs. FOXO1 expression increased in the nuclei of MAWR aortas compared to YWR and was reversed in MOI MAWRs. Interestingly, MOI treatment normalized oxidative stress enhanced in MAWRs, in both the heart and aorta. These results demonstrate the protective role of MOI against cardiovascular dysfunction due to aging via enhanced SIRT1 function and subsequently reduced oxidative stress
Hydrodynamic loads on an inclined monopile in the splash zone
No full textOffshore and Dredging Engineerin
Des ateliers pour développer les compétences transversales, la relation pédagogique et la réussite universitaire
No full textInternational audienceLa réussite des étudiants dans leurs études est une préoccupation nationale et locale. Au sein de la Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques de Nantes Université, un projet pour développer des compétences transversales a été mis en place afin d'augmenter la réussite universitaire des étudiants des parcours accompagnés « Oui-Si » en difficultés d'apprentissage, en reprise d'études ou simplement qui cherchent une remise à niveau avant l'intégration d'une Licence scientifique classique. Des ateliers permettant le développement de compétences transversales sont mis en place. Après quatre années d'animation de ces ateliers et plusieurs évolutions pédagogiques, nous constatons qu'ils favorisent l'échange et l'entraide dans le groupe classe, une meilleure orientation dans la formation et qu'ils instaurent une relation pédagogique de confiance et d'appuis sur l'enseignant accompagnateur. Dans cet article, nous tenterons de comprendre les effets de ces ateliers sur la réussite des étudiants et la réduction des décrochages des primo-entrants du parcours « Oui-Si »
"Rassembler les fils, tout en repliant la tresse sur elle même" : anachronies
No full textL'articolo fa parte di un volume collettivo dedicato a Hubert Damisch, la cui opera è stata contributo e riferimento fondamentale per l'elaborazione di una semiotica delle arti. Il punto di partenza dell'articolo è la riflessione di Hubert Damisch sulla formazione di 'serie' e corpus di opere non strettamente diacronici e la definizione dell'opera d'arte come 'oggetto teorico' nel suo "Le Jugement de Pâris" (1998). Da qui, il testo sviluppa poi un'analisi semiotica più specificamente riferibile all'orizzonte di una semiotica greimasiana delle arti e dell'immagine. Il testo tesse una costellazione anacronica tra una performance di Chris Burden del 1970, "Shoot" con il suo famoso colpo di fucile, e le Fucilazioni della pittura moderna (Manet, Goya) che si condensano nella sua memoria visiva. Per comprendere le trasformazioni in gioco in questa genealogia, ci si riferisce alla riflessione semiotica che ha esplorato le 'figure del corpo', concentrandosi in particolare sull'opposizione tra 'corpo-involucro' e 'carne'; Questo permetterà di cogliere il modo in cui nell'azione di Burden le possibilità semiotiche del corpo-involucro sono ridotte alla completa neutralizzazione per far emergere lo 'spasmo' carnale, una trasformazione già in gioco - anche se in forme storicamente diverse - nelle fucilazioni della pittura moderna (come mostrano gli studi di Michael Fried). In questo modo, l'approccio semiotico propone una rilettura dell'azione di Burden meno limitata a riferimenti meramente storico-contestuali o biografici (come spesso proposto da critici e storici dell'arte) e piuttosto legata al rapporto tra rappresentazioni del corpo e l'emergere del cosiddetto paradigma 'biopolitico' nella tarda modernità.
The paper is part of a collective volume dedicated to Hubert Damisch, whose work has been a fundamental contribution and reference for the elaboration of a semiotics of the arts. The starting point of the paper is Hubert Damisch's reflection on the formation of 'series' and bodies of works that are not strictly diachronic and from his definition of the work of art as a 'theoretical object' in his "Le Jugement de Pâris" (1998). From here, the text then develops a semiotic analysis more specifically referable to the horizon of a Greimasian semiotics of the arts. The text weaves an anachronic constellation between a 1970 performance by Chris Burden, "Shoot" with its famous shotgun, and the executions represented in modern painting (Manet, Goya) that are condensed in its visual memory. In order to understand the transformations at play in this genealogy, we turn to the elaborations developed within a semiotics that explores the 'figures of the body', in particular focusing on the opposition between 'body-envelop' and 'flesh'; this willallow to grasp the way in which in Burden's action the semiotic possibilities of the body-envelop are reduced to complete neutralization in order to let the carnal 'spasm' emerge, a transformation already at stake - even if in historically different forms - in the shootings of modern painting (as Michael Fried's studies show). In this way, the semiotic approach proposes a reinterpretation of Burden's action less limited to merely historical-contextual or biographical references (as often proposed by critics and art historians) and rather linked to the relationship between representations of the body and the emergence of the so-called 'biopolitical' paradigm in late modernity
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