1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Increasing depth sensitivity and brain specificity of diffuse correlation spectroscopy blood flow measures
Get PDFContinuous, accurate monitoring of cerebral perfusion may reduce morbidity and mortality in patients in critical care. While physiological monitoring helps assess the impacts of perfusion changes in the brain, a technology able to directly, continuously and non-invasively monitor cerebral blood flow (CBF) is needed.
Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) is an established optical modality which enables non-invasive measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF). Similar to near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), DCS uses red and near-infrared light to interrogate biological tissue, but, instead of quantifying hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation from measures of light attenuation, DCS quantifies an index of blood flow (BFi) by measuring the light intensity temporal fluctuations generated by the dynamic scattering of moving red blood cells. The technology has been extensively validated against gold standards and its clinical utility in infants has been demonstrated. As with continuous-wave (CW) NIRS, the effectiveness of CW-DCS in measuring CBF is hampered in the adult population by limited depth penetration and extra-cerebral contamination. These two limitations so far have precluded the wide adoption of optical monitoring techniques in health care settings.
Our goal is to advance DCS to see deeper into the human brain and to isolate cerebral blood flow from scalp signals. To this aim we have developed a range of approaches which, either individually or together, significantly improve performance over current CW-DCS technology.
We have first proposed and demonstrated operation of DCS in the time-domain (TD-DCS)1, which offers dramatic improvements in brain sensitivity when considering late arriving photons. Transform limited, high power, Gaussian pulse-shaped laser sources and photon counting detectors with high efficiency and temporal resolution, and reduced after-pulsing probability, dark count rate, jitter and hold-off time are needed to maximize performance. Our current prototype uses commercially available components with several limitations2, which we are trying to overcome by developing custom components. For the detectors, a commercially available solution is the use of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SnSPD). These detectors reach up to 90% efficiency, have extremely low noise and great timing response, but they are very expensive and require a bulky cryogenic cooling system with a turn-on time of several hours.
The use of SnSPDs allows us to use longer wavelengths in the range of 1064 nm, instead of the typical NIRS wavelengths (680-850 nm). At 1064 nm absorption is comparable, but the scattering is considerably lower than at 800 nm, providing increased penetration depth. The use of longer wavelengths also offer a 15-20 times increase in the number of photons available for detection.
Another novel technology we are developing in our lab is acousto-optic modulated interferometric DCS. Instead of resolving in time photons that have travelled longer paths, we use short pulse ultrasound plane waves to tag the light field at specific depths, permitting separation of cerebral from extra-cerebral blood flow. This method in combination with a heterodyne interferometric detection technique permits separation of the light that was frequency shifted by the ultrasound. Moreover, this method allows us to use camera based parallel multi-speckle detection instead of photon counting detectors which are less costly and are commonly available with sensitivity and appropriate speed in the \u3e1000 nm spectral range.
These emerging technologies are developed with the contribution of my coworkers at the Optics @ Martinos, and of our collaborators at Boston University and MIT Lincoln Laboratory.
This research is supported by NIH R01EB025145. The author hold patents on this technology. Sutin, J., Zimmerman, B., Tyulmankov, D., Tamborini, D., Wu, K.C., Selb, J., Gulinatti, A., Rech, I., Tosi, A., Boas, D.A., Franceschini, M.A., 2016. Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy. Optica 3, 1006–1013. 28008417 Tamborini, D., Stephens, K., Wu, M., Farzam, P.Y., Siegel, A., Shatrovoy, O., Blackwell, M., Boas, D.A., Carp, S.A., Franceschini, M.A., 2019. Portable system for Time-Domain Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1–1. 3079416
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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