1,385 research outputs found
Chao Yuen Ren (1892–1982)
No full textY. R. Chao is easily the most famous linguist to have come out of China. Born before the end of the last dynasty in China, he received a traditional Confucian education, but was also one of the first Chinese people to be sent to the West for training in modern Western science (under the Boxer Indemnity Fund). The remarkable breadth and scope of his studies included physics, mathematics, linguistics, musical and literary composition, and translation, and he was a pioneer in many of these fields
Book review: how China escaped the poverty trap by Yuen Yuen Ang
No full textIn How China Escaped the Poverty Trap, Yuen Yuen Ang drills down into the details of China's economic rise, challenging conventional explanations by showing how its development was a ‘coevolutionary process’ between markets and institutions. Duncan Green urges readers to immerse themselves in this diligently researched book packed with fascinating insights and findings
Momentary gustative-olfactory sensitivity and tonic heart rate variability are independently associated with motivational behavior.
No full textDeficits in motivational functioning including impairments in reward learning or reward sensitivity are common
in psychiatric disorders characterized by anhedonia. Recently, anhedonic symptoms have been exacerbated by
the pandemic caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the general population. The present study
examined the putative associations between loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia) sensitivity, irrespective of
COVID-19 infection, and anhedonia, measured by a signal-detection task probing the ability to modify behavior
as a function of rewards (Probabilistic Reward Task; PRT). Tonic heart rate variability (HRV) was included in the
model, due to its association with both smell and taste sensitivity as well as motivational functioning. The sample
included 114 healthy individuals (81 females; mean age 22.2 years), who underwent a laboratory session in
which dispositional traits, resting HRV and PRT performance were assessed, followed by a 4-days ecological
momentary assessment to obtain daily measures of anosmia and ageusia. Lower levels of tonic HRV and lower
momentary levels of smell and taste sensitivity were associated with impaired reward responsiveness and ability
to shape future behavioral choices based on prior reinforcement experiences. Overall, the current results provide
initial correlational evidence that could be fruitfully used to inform future experimental investigations aimed at
elucidating the disruptive worldwide mental health consequences triggered by the pandemic
Covid-19 consequences on motivational functioning: an ecological and laboratory study
No full textDeficits in motivational functioning, including impairments in reward learning or reward sensitivity, are
common in psychiatric disorders characterized by anhedonia, the inability to experience pleasure in
previously rewarding activities and stimuli. Anhedonic symptoms have been exacerbated by Coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the general population. The present study examined whether
consequences of COVID-19 such as anosmia and ageusia (loss of smell and taste sensitivity, respectively),
could predict anhedonia assessed by the Probabilistic Reward Task (PRT), a well-validated signal-detection
task operationalizing participants’ reward processing. Tonic heart rate variability (HRV) was also assessed as
a potential predictor of anhedonic behavior. 114 healthy individuals (81 females) underwent a laboratory
session in which dispositional traits, resting HRV and performance on the PRT were assessed, followed by a
4-days ecological momentary assessment of daily anosmia and ageusia. Lower resting HRV and lower
momentary levels of smell and taste sensitivity independently predicted impaired performance on the PRT.
The present study provides insight into the general exacerbation of mental health issues worldwide due to
COVID-19 pandemic
Daily social isolation maps onto distinctive features of anhedonic behavior: A combined ecological and computational investigation
No full textBackground. Loneliness and social isolation have detrimental consequences on mental health and act as vulnerability factors for the development of depressive symptoms, such as anhedonia. The mitigation strategies used to contain the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), such as social distancing and lockdowns, allowed us to investigate putative associations between daily objective and perceived social isolation and anhedonic-like behavior. Methods. Reward-related functioning was objectively assessed using the Probabilistic Reward Task (PRT). One hundred and fourteen unselected healthy individuals (71% females) underwent both a laboratory and an ecological momentary assessment. Computational modelling was applied to performance on the PRT to disentangle reward sensitivity and learning rate. Results. Findings revealed that objective-but not subjective-daily social interactions were associated with motivational behavior. Specifically, higher social isolation (less time spent with others) was associated with higher responsivity to rewarding stimuli and a reduced influence of a given reward on successive behavioral choices. Conclusions. Overall, current results broaden our knowledge on the potential pathways linking (COVID-19-related) social isolation to altered motivational functioning
Arrows_Cabergoline_Supplementary_Materials – Supplemental material for Dopamine D2 receptor stimulation modulates the balance between ignoring and updating according to baseline working memory ability
No full textSupplemental material, Arrows_Cabergoline_Supplementary_Materials for Dopamine D2 receptor stimulation modulates the balance between ignoring and updating according to baseline working memory ability by Sean James Fallon, Annika Kienast, Kinan Muhammed, Yuen-siang Ang, Sanjay G Manohar and Masud Husain in Journal of Psychopharmacology</p
Book review: China’s gilded age: the paradox of economic boom and vast corruption by Yuen Yuen Ang
No full textIn China’s Gilded Age: The Paradox of Economic Boom and Vast Corruption, Yuen Yuen Ang examines China’s growth trajectory through the prism of corruption, challenging the notion of Chinese exceptionalism when it comes to corruption by comparing its rise to the growth of the US in the nineteenth century. This sophisticated and nuanced analysis will encourage readers to look beyond the usual cliches surrounding corruption and offers a comprehensive framework for studying the political economy of inequality and development, writes Diego Castañeda Garza. This book review has been translated into Spanish by Diego Castañeda Garza. Please scroll down to read this translation. If you would like to read other LSE RB reviews in Spanish, as well as in Mandarin and German, please visit the LSE Reviews in Translation page, a collaboration between LSE Language Centre and LSE Review of Books. China’s Gilded Age: The Paradox of Economic Boom and Vast Corruption. Yuen Yuen Ang. Cambridge University Press. 2020
Momentary gustative-olfactory sensitivity and tonic heart rate variability are independently associated with motivational behavior
No full text: Deficits in motivational functioning including impairments in reward learning or reward sensitivity are common in psychiatric disorders characterized by anhedonia. Recently, anhedonic symptoms have been exacerbated by the pandemic caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the general population. The present study examined the putative associations between loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia) sensitivity, irrespective of COVID-19 infection, and anhedonia, measured by a signal-detection task probing the ability to modify behavior as a function of rewards (Probabilistic Reward Task; PRT). Tonic heart rate variability (HRV) was included in the model, due to its association with both smell and taste sensitivity as well as motivational functioning. The sample included 114 healthy individuals (81 females; mean age 22.2 years), who underwent a laboratory session in which dispositional traits, resting HRV and PRT performance were assessed, followed by a 4-days ecological momentary assessment to obtain daily measures of anosmia and ageusia. Lower levels of tonic HRV and lower momentary levels of smell and taste sensitivity were associated with impaired reward responsiveness and ability to shape future behavioral choices based on prior reinforcement experiences. Overall, the current results provide initial correlational evidence that could be fruitfully used to inform future experimental investigations aimed at elucidating the disruptive worldwide mental health consequences triggered by the pandemic
Book review: China’s gilded age: the paradox of economic boom and vast corruption by Yuen Yuen Ang
No full textIn China’s Gilded Age: The Paradox of Economic Boom and Vast Corruption, Yuen Yuen Ang examines China’s growth trajectory through the prism of corruption, challenging the notion of Chinese exceptionalism when it comes to corruption by comparing its rise to the growth of the US in the nineteenth century. This sophisticated and nuanced analysis will encourage readers to look beyond the usual cliches surrounding corruption and offers a comprehensive framework for studying the political economy of inequality and development, writes Diego Castañeda Garza. This book review has been translated into Spanish by Diego Castañeda Garza. Please scroll down to read this translation or click here. If you would like to read other LSE RB reviews in Spanish, as well as in Mandarin and German, please visit the LSE Reviews in Translation page, a collaboration between LSE Language Centre and LSE Review of Books. China’s Gilded Age: The Paradox of Economic Boom and Vast Corruption. Yuen Yuen Ang. Cambridge University Press. 2020
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