1,720,957 research outputs found
The benefit of soundscaping naturalistic sounds within urban residential areas: Mental fatigue recovery.
No full textPPG peak to peak raw data of participants
Perceptual And Cognitive Effects Of Eye Blinks
No full textWe blink our eyes more often than necessary to keep our cornea adequately lubricated. Blink rates are known to fluctuate depending on the task at hand. It is known that eye blinks do modulate activity between two large scale brain networks involving the way attention is being directed. This raises the question whether there are perceptual or cognitive consequences of eye blinks that could justify the high blink rates? This research first assessed the perceptual impact of eye blinks using a behavioural paradigm. Visual performance after eye blinks has been measured using a series of rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) tasks. We found that visual identification performance was enhanced (~15% points increased accuracy) in the first 300 ms immediately after an eye blink. A second, later period with improved performance was also observed in several of these experiments. However, the early boost only occurred for object recognition tasks. Tasks involving parietal function, or non-foveated stimuli, did not enjoy performance boosts at the same scale. In a second study, participants judged the orientations of pairs of gabor gratings that could appear at varying distances from fixation. Detection performance was boosted in one instance after eye blinks but was also better after artificial blinks. This suggests that in the case of distributed spatial attention, just the transient disruption of visual input can be sufficient to induce an attentional boost. Lastly, Magnetoencephalo-graphy (MEG) was used to investigate neural activity time-locked to eye blinks. We found attention related alpha-beta (8-30 Hz) activity stemming from the eye blink-related medial posterior parietal cortex for both voluntary eye blinks (up to ~700 ms from an eye blink) and spontaneous blinks (up to ~500 ms from an eye blink). While the role of attention related alpha-beta activity in the mPPC is unknown in this study, as attention boost was found post-eye blinks in object recognition within similar time windows, there lies the possibility of a relationship between eye blinks and the mPPC with attentional implications
Perceptual and cognitive effects of eye blinks
No full textWe blink our eyes more often than necessary to keep our cornea adequately lubricated. Blink rates are known to fluctuate depending on the task at hand. It is known that eye blinks do modulate activity between two large scale brain networks involving the way attention is being directed. This raises the question whether there are perceptual or cognitive consequences of eye blinks that could justify the high blink rates? This research first assessed the perceptual impact of eye blinks using a behavioural paradigm. Visual performance after eye blinks has been measured using a series of rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) tasks. We found that visual identification performance was enhanced (~15% points increased accuracy) in the first 300 ms immediately after an eye blink. A second, later period with improved performance was also observed in several of these experiments. However, the early boost only occurred for object recognition tasks. Tasks involving parietal function, or non-foveated stimuli, did not enjoy performance boosts at the same scale. In a second study, participants judged the orientations of pairs of gabor gratings that could appear at varying distances from fixation. Detection performance was boosted in one instance after eye blinks but was also better after artificial blinks. This suggests that in the case of distributed spatial attention, just the transient disruption of visual input can be sufficient to induce an attentional boost. Lastly, Magnetoencephalo-graphy (MEG) was used to investigate neural activity time-locked to eye blinks. We found attention related alpha-beta (8-30 Hz) activity stemming from the eye blink-related medial posterior parietal cortex for both voluntary eye blinks (up to ~700 ms from an eye blink) and spontaneous blinks (up to ~500 ms from an eye blink). While the role of attention related alpha-beta activity in the mPPC is unknown in this study, as attention boost was found post-eye blinks in object recognition within similar time windows, there lies the possibility of a relationship between eye blinks and the mPPC with attentional implications.Doctor of Philosoph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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