1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Development of vectorization strategies to alleviate hypoxia and its effects in glioblastoma
No full textL’hypoxie est l’une des principales causes de résistance aux traitements dans les glioblastomes. Des stratégies permettant de lever l’hypoxie ou de limiter ses effets sont de ce fait nécessaires. Ces travaux de thèse s’intéressent à deux stratégies de vectorisation ciblée agissant contre l’hypoxie. La première stratégie vise à lutter contre les effets de l’hypoxie par une approche combinée de vectorisation cellulaire et moléculaire ciblant une protéine à action pro-tumorale : l’érythropoïétine. Des macrophages ont ainsi été modifiés génétiquement pour leur permettre de surexprimer une forme tronquée de récepteur à l’érythropoïétine conduisant à un ralentissement de la croissance d’un modèle de glioblastome. Les constructions moléculaires ont ensuite été modifiées pour rendre la surexpression inductible par l’hypoxie. La deuxième stratégie vise à réoxygéner spécifiquement la tumeur en se basant sur des nanozéolithes vectrices de gaz hyperoxiques. Les résultats montrent que ces nanoparticules microporeuses ne présentent pas d’effets toxiques majeurs in vitro et in vivo. L’incorporation de fer dans les zéolithes augmente significativement la capacité de transport d’O2 et le gadolinium permet leur utilisation comme agent de contraste en imagerie par résonance magnétique. D’autre part, les nanozéolithes vectrices de CO2/O2 s’accumulent spécifiquement dans le tissu tumoral et augmentent localement le volume sanguin et la quantité d’oxygène. Ainsi, les deux approches développées au cours de cette thèse démontrent le potentiel des stratégies ciblées dirigées contre l’hypoxie dans les glioblastomes.Hypoxia is one of the main causes of resistance to treatments in glioblastoma, the worst primary brain tumor in term of survival. Two targeted vectorization strategies directed against hypoxia are presented in this thesis work. The first strategy was designed to inhibit hypoxia-induced erythropoietin through the use of macrophages. Macrophages were genetically engineered to overexpress a truncated form of the erythropoietin receptor resulting in a decrease in the tumor volume in a hypoxic model of glioblastoma in vivo. Hypoxia-inducible constructs were then developed. The second strategy aimed to use nanozeolites carrying hyperoxic gases as a tool to specifically reoxygenate the tumor. Results show that these microporous nanoparticles have no adverse effects in vitro and in vivo. The incorporation of iron in the zeolites significantly increases their oxygen transport capacity and the gadolinium allows their use as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, nanozeolites carrying CO2/O2 accumulate specifically in the tumor tissue and locally increase the blood volume/oxygenation. Thus, the two strategies developed during this thesis demonstrate the potential to fight against hypoxia specifically in glioblastoma
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Développement de stratégies de vectorisation pour réduire les effets de l'hypoxie dans les glioblastomes
No full textHypoxia is one of the main causes of resistance to treatments in glioblastoma, the worst primary brain tumor in term of survival. Two targeted vectorization strategies directed against hypoxia are presented in this thesis work. The first strategy was designed to inhibit hypoxia-induced erythropoietin through the use of macrophages. Macrophages were genetically engineered to overexpress a truncated form of the erythropoietin receptor resulting in a decrease in the tumor volume in a hypoxic model of glioblastoma in vivo. Hypoxia-inducible constructs were then developed. The second strategy aimed to use nanozeolites carrying hyperoxic gases as a tool to specifically reoxygenate the tumor. Results show that these microporous nanoparticles have no adverse effects in vitro and in vivo. The incorporation of iron in the zeolites significantly increases their oxygen transport capacity and the gadolinium allows their use as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, nanozeolites carrying CO2/O2 accumulate specifically in the tumor tissue and locally increase the blood volume/oxygenation. Thus, the two strategies developed during this thesis demonstrate the potential to fight against hypoxia specifically in glioblastoma.L’hypoxie est l’une des principales causes de résistance aux traitements dans les glioblastomes. Des stratégies permettant de lever l’hypoxie ou de limiter ses effets sont de ce fait nécessaires. Ces travaux de thèse s’intéressent à deux stratégies de vectorisation ciblée agissant contre l’hypoxie. La première stratégie vise à lutter contre les effets de l’hypoxie par une approche combinée de vectorisation cellulaire et moléculaire ciblant une protéine à action pro-tumorale : l’érythropoïétine. Des macrophages ont ainsi été modifiés génétiquement pour leur permettre de surexprimer une forme tronquée de récepteur à l’érythropoïétine conduisant à un ralentissement de la croissance d’un modèle de glioblastome. Les constructions moléculaires ont ensuite été modifiées pour rendre la surexpression inductible par l’hypoxie. La deuxième stratégie vise à réoxygéner spécifiquement la tumeur en se basant sur des nanozéolithes vectrices de gaz hyperoxiques. Les résultats montrent que ces nanoparticules microporeuses ne présentent pas d’effets toxiques majeurs in vitro et in vivo. L’incorporation de fer dans les zéolithes augmente significativement la capacité de transport d’O2 et le gadolinium permet leur utilisation comme agent de contraste en imagerie par résonance magnétique. D’autre part, les nanozéolithes vectrices de CO2/O2 s’accumulent spécifiquement dans le tissu tumoral et augmentent localement le volume sanguin et la quantité d’oxygène. Ainsi, les deux approches développées au cours de cette thèse démontrent le potentiel des stratégies ciblées dirigées contre l’hypoxie dans les glioblastomes
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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