1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Desenvolvimento e simulação de metodologias Lean na produção. Estudo de caso
Get PDFDissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia MecânicaAtualmente, face ao constante aumento de competitividade e globalização dos mais variados mercados de negócio, para a sobrevivência das empresas, que sejam implementadas estratégias, tendo em vista o aumento de eficiência, pois o simples cumprimento dos requisitos por parte do cliente não é suficiente, já que estas devem ser mais competitivas do que a concorrência. Apesar de muitas das vezes, este pensamento remeter para grandes investimentos, por parte das empresas, seria de maior interesse, a aplicação de boas práticas com a constante procura de oportunidades de melhoria e com investimentos de baixo custo. O termo Lean thinking é um termo, que foi desenvolvido pela Toyota, através do seu conhecido Toyota Sistem Production (TSP), onde através da sua implementação e com o uso das suas metodologias e ferramentas de trabalho, as empresas aumentam a sua eficiência, evitando também desperdícios numa linha de produção, seja de tempo, de matéria-prima, ou até mão de obra. Neste documento será mais uma vez provada, a importância do Lean thinking, através do uso de uma ferramenta poderosa: a simulação, cada vez mais importante na sociedade, e nomeadamente nas empresas, que conseguem prever como a sua empresa funcionará, com alterações propostas por esta, sem que sejam feitas na realidade, permitindo que as empresas arrisquem sem ter certeza, se o devem fazer. Com a aplicação das ferramentas na simulação, verificou-se o impacto que estas causam, através da redução de desperdícios, aumentando com isso a eficiência, que neste caso pode ser observada por meio da quantidade das peças que saem no final de todos os processos. Como esperado, com as alterações efetuadas, onde se estimou que houve uma redução de cerca de 60 % nas percentagens dos defeitos, para os quais se propuseram melhoria, em que ao invés de se obterem apenas 74 (número de peças que sai sem o Lean implementado na empresa), saíram 79 peças no final da linha 4 e havendo uma aproximação às 86 peças, considerando a empresa melhorada com a implementação de metodologias e ferramentas do pensamento Lean.Currently, given the constant increasing in competitiveness and globalization of the most various business markets, for the survival of the companies, that they are implemented strategies that focus on increasing efficiency, because it is not enough to just meet the needs of customers, you must be more competitive than your competitors. Even if this way of thinking leads to high investments, it would be more interesting for companies to apply good practices to continuously search for improvement opportunities, with low investments. The term Lean Thinking was developed by Toyota and is known through the Toyota Production System, in which the introduction and application of methods and work tools improve the efficiency of the company by avoiding wastes in a production line, such as of time, raw materials and labor. In this document, the importance of Lean Thinking is demonstrated once again through a powerful tool: simulation, which is becoming more and more important in society, especially in companies that can predict how they will work with the proposed changes without having to make these changes, which allows the company to take risks without being sure that they will change. In this particular case, the software used is Arena. By applying the tools in simulation, it was possible to observe the impact of the changes on reducing waste and increasing efficiency, which in this case is determined by the number of parts left at the end of all processes. As expected, with the changes made, which included a 60% reduction in the defect rate and for which suggestions for improvement were made on what instead of only obtaining 74 parts (number of parts that came out without Lean implemented on the company), 79 parts were brought out at the exit of line 4, which approaches the 86 parts, considering the company enhanced with the implementation of methodologies and tools of Lean Thinking.N/
Dimensionamento e validação de um sistema logístico com recurso à simulação
Get PDFTrabalho de Projeto ou Dissertação de natureza científica para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialNo panorama atual, torna-se necessário às empresas esforçarem-se por encontrar estratégias que as orientem para o sucesso dos seus resultados, de modo a serem competitivas no mercado. Este objetivo é alcançado através da melhoria da eficiência/produtividade dos seus processos e da eficácia dos mesmos. Para tal, importa às empresas avaliarem o retorno do investimento em novas tecnologias e processos, procurando, sempre que possível, a otimização através do menor custo possível e da eliminação de desperdícios.
Neste âmbito, surge a presente dissertação de mestrado, que pretende realizar a otimização, dimensionamento e validação de um sistema logístico, por meio da simulação, numa empresa do setor da distribuição de encomendas. Como tal, as áreas de estudo que suportam esta dissertação são a teoria das filas de espera e a simulação.
A simulação de processos é uma ferramenta cada vez mais útil em ambiente industrial e eficaz como apoio à tomada de decisão. Esta permite criar e testar cenários em vários modelos, sem comprometer o sistema real. Esta característica permite simular ideias de inovação e prever os resultados decorrentes da sua implementação, sem a necessidade de qualquer investimento ou alteração na área de produção. Assim, os principais objetivos desta dissertação foram: a criação de um modelo de
simulação do sistema atual de divisão de encomendas, a respetiva identificação de desperdícios e a proposta de novas oportunidades de melhoria; a criação de novos modelos de simulação que dimensionassem o sistema com base nessas propostas; a comparação da nova proposta com o sistema atual, através de Key Performance Indicators; a análise de retorno financeiro do projeto.
A metodologia de investigação baseou-se num caso de estudo com recurso à ferramenta de simulação FlexSim, que mostra ser possível aumentar a eficiência dos processos de divisão de encomendas através da implementação das melhorias propostas. Através dos resultados obtidos, prevê-se que seja possível aumentar: a produtividade do processo de divisão nacional de encomendas em 37%; a produtividade do processo de divisão regional de encomendas em 56%; o retorno financeiro a 5 anos
em 110%, face à ausência de investimento neste projeto.In the current landscape, it is essential for companies to strive to find strategies that guide them towards the success of their outcomes, in order to remain competitive in the market. This objective is achieved through improving the efficiency/productivity of these processes and their effectiveness. To do so, it is important for companies to assess the return on investment in new technologies and processes, seeking, whenever possible, optimization through the lowest possible cost and waste elimination.
In this context, this master's dissertation aims to optimize, size, and validate a logistics system, through simulation, of a company in the distribution sector. Therefore, the areas of study supporting this dissertation are queuing theory and simulation.
Process simulation is an increasingly valuable tool in the industrial environment and an effective decision supporting tool. It allows the creation and testing of scenarios in various models, without compromising the real system. This enables the simulation of innovative ideas, predicting the results of their implementation, without the need for any investment or changes in the production area. Thus, the main objectives of this dissertation were: creating a simulation model of the current parcel division system and identify its waste, while proposing new improvement opportunities; developing new simulation models that sized the system based on these proposals; comparing the new proposal with the current system using Key Performance Indicators; analyzing the financial return of the project.
The research methodology was based on a case study using the FlexSim simulation tool, which shows that it is possible to increase the efficiency of order splitting processes by implementing the proposed improvements. Based on the results obtained, it is expected that it will be possible to increase: the productivity of the national order picking process by 37%; the productivity of the regional order picking process by 56%; and the financial return over 5 years by 110%, given the lack of investment in this project.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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