1,720,963 research outputs found
Supercritical CO2 Pasteurization of Solid Products: a Case Study on Fresh-cut Potatoes
Full text linkDuring the last decades, supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) pasteurization has been intensively studied as a
potential technology to increase the safety and shelf-life of fresh food. However, the high risk of post-process
contamination still represents a barrier to its industrialization.
This study reports a proof of concept study in order to demonstrate the applicability of a novel method that
combines scCO2 and Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) for fresh-cut potatoes. The process was
investigated by a full-factorial design of experiment, studying the effect of temperature (35 - 45 °C), pressure (8
– 12 MPa), and treatment time (5 – 35 min) on the microbial inactivation of E. coli and the color of the processed
product. The method was able to reduce up to 1.50 Log CFU/g the load of inoculated E. coli at 45°C, 8.0 MPa
and 35 min, without excessively modifying the product color. Moreover, the color did not significantly change during storage at 4 °C for 7 days
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Exploring the efficacy of a novel high-pressure carbon dioxide method for food microbial inactivation on a synthetic matrix
No full textThis study investigated the microbial inactivation performance of a novel CO2-based method for food applications on a wide range of process conditions using LB agar cubes. Four different microbial strains, Escherichia coli, Listeria innocua, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were homogenously inoculated on the surface of an agar cube and treated with the novel method. The initial microbial loads were 7.46 ± 0.27, 7.38 ± 0.24, 7.47 ± 0.24, and 5.13 ± 0.18 Log CFU/g, respectively. Results showed a similar trend to that of traditional High-Pressure Carbon Dioxide (HPCD) processes in terms of inactivation degree as a function of time and temperature. Notably, greater microbial inactivation occurred at subcritical or near-critical pressure values. Specifically, for P. fluorescens and S. cerevisiae the inactivation rates increased from −0.039 and − 0.094 Log CFU/g/min at 12 MPa to 0.029 and 0.046 Log CFU/g/min at 6 MPa, respectively. At 45 °C and 6 MPa, P. fluorescens and S. cerevisiae were inactivated to undetectable levels after 40 min, while a 60-min treatment was needed for E. coli. L. innocua was more resistant, achieveing after 60 min at 45 °C only 1.32 Log CFU/g inactivation, and requiring a higher temperature to achieve a significant inactivation. Moreover, the gas-to-product volume ratio was proven to affect the inactivation efficiency, a low ratio could represent a limit for achieving high inactivation levels. Future studies will explore the impact of the product's nature, volume and shape, and the use of antimicrobial substances to enhance process performance and apply it to food products, mainly fresh-cut fruit and vegetables, and meat. Industrial relevance: High-Pressure Carbon Dioxide (HPCD) processes have shown considerable potential in enhancing food safety and shelf life while preserving nutritional and sensory qualities. However, the industrial implementation of HPCD for solid food processing presents some challenges, especially regarding the potential risk of post-process contamination. This study presents a novel patented process that aims at exploiting the power of HPCD on pre-packed solid food products, facilitating the industrialisation of the method
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
