1,721,008 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Psychological distress and psychosocial treatment situation in patients with bone sarcomas
No full textZusammenfassung Hintergrund Knochensarkome sind eine Gruppe sehr seltener maligner Tumoren. Es existieren nur wenige Studien zur psychischen Belastung der betroffenen Patienten. Ziel war es, die Prävalenz erhöhter psychischer Belastung in dieser Gruppe zu ermitteln, damit assoziierte Faktoren zu untersuchen und die Inanspruchnahme psychoonkologischer Angebote zu erfassen. Methode Die Kohortenstudie PROSa (Krankheitslast und Versorgungssituation bei Sarkomen) wurde zwischen 2017 und 2020 in 39 deutschen Studienzentren durchgeführt. Für die vorliegende Analyse wurden Baseline-Querschnittsdaten von erwachsenen Knochensarkompatienten ausgewertet. Die psychische Belastung wurde mit dem Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) evaluiert. Sozioökonomische und klinische Faktoren wurden als mögliche Prädiktoren erhöhter psychischer Belastung mit multivariablen logistischen Regressionsmodellen exploriert. Resultate Bei den 194 eingeschlossenen Patienten betrug die Prävalenz von Ängsten 18 %, die von Depressivität 22 %. Insgesamt waren 29 % der Patienten überschwellig psychisch belastet. 23 % hatten eine psychoonkologische Betreuung in Anspruch genommen. Im vollen Modell waren arbeitslose Patienten (Odds Ratio [OR] 5,7; 95 %-Konfidenzintervall [CI] 1,6–20,0) und Patienten mit Erwerbsminderungsrente (OR 3,6; 95 %-CI 1,03–12,9) im Vergleich zu solchen in Beschäftigung häufiger belastet, Patienten mit Altersrente, in Vorruhestand oder in Altersteilzeit dagegen weniger häufig (OR 0,2; 95 %-CI 0,05–0,9). Die Häufigkeit psychischer Belastung war bei Patienten 5 Jahre nach Diagnose (Vergleich Diagnose < 6 Monate) geringer (OR 0,1; 95 %-CI 0,04–0,4). Konklusion Die Prävalenz erhöhter psychischer Belastung bei Knochensarkompatienten ist hoch. Arbeitslose Patienten, solche mit Erwerbsminderungsrente sowie neu diagnostizierte Patienten sind besonders vulnerabel. Das Behandlungsteam sollte sich dieser Faktoren bewusst sein und auch diese sozialen Aspekte der Erkrankung berücksichtigen
Current aspects in the surgical treatment of primary malignant tumors of the musculoskeletal system
No full textDie komplette chirurgische Resektion des Primärtumors gilt, mit wenigen
Ausnahmen, als Voraussetzung für die kurative Behandlung von primär malignen
Tumoren des muskuloskeletalen Systems. Ziel dieser kumulativen Dissertation
war die Gewinnung von neuen Erkentnissen, die zur Optimierung der operativen
Therapie von Patienten mit Knochen- und Weichgewebssarkomen und somit zur
Verbesserung der Prognose und des postoperativen funktionellen Ergebnisses
führen könnten. In einer prospektiven Studie und zwei retrospektiven Analysen
von prospektiv erfassten Datenbanken der Cooperativen Osteosarkomstudiengruppe
(COSS) sowie der eigenen Klinik wurden Patienten mit Synovialsarkomen der
Extremitäten, Patienten mit primären hochmalignen Osteosarkomen der
Extremitäten, des Beckens und der Schulter, sowie Patienten mit Tumoren des
Beckens, bei denen die Implantation einer Beckenendoprothese erfolgte,
ausgewertet. Bei den Osteosarkom-Patienten konnte erstmalig nachgewiesen
werden, dass der minimale Abstand des Tumors zum Resektionsrand im Knochen
keinen Einfluss auf die Lokalrezidivrate nach einer dokumentierten weiten
Resektion nach der Enneking-Klassifikation hat. Somit wurde die bisher
propagierte Notwendigkeit der Einhaltung eines willkürlich festgelegten
Sicherheitsabstandes von mindestens 3 cm gesundem Knochen widersprochen. Des
Weiteren konnte ebenfalls zum ersten Mal gezeigt werden, dass die Durchführung
der primären Biopsie außerhalb der Klinik, wo die Tumorresektion stattfinden
wird, mit einer statistisch signifikanten Erhöhung der Lokalrezivrate und
einer Prognoseverschlechterung einhergeht. Bei Patienten mit Synovialsarkomen
der Extremitäten wurde zum ersten Mal die Durchführbarkeit einer Sentinel-
Lymphknoten-Biopsie zur Evaluation des regionalen Lymphknotenstatus in einer
prospektiven Studie untersucht. Es konnte aufgezeigt werden, dass das
Verfahren erfolgreich und komplikationslos angewendet werden kann, allerdings
blieb die klinische Relevanz der Anwendung aufgrund der geringen
Patientenanzahl unklar. Die Aufarbeitung der implantierten Beckenendoprothesen
erbrachte eine sehr hohe Rate an Früh- und Spätkomplikationen, vor allem bei
den Modellen, die einen Schluss des Beckenringes vorsahen. Unter
Berücksichtigung der Ergebnisse von biologischen Rekonstruktionsmethoden, wie
die Hüftverschiebeplastik, wurde die Implantation von Beckenendoprothesen bei
Patienten mit primären malignen Knochentumoren zunehmend verlassen.Complete surgical resection of the primary tumor is, with few exceptions, a
prerequisite for curative treatment of primary malignant tumors of the
musculoskeletal system. The aim of this cumulative dissertation was the
acquirement of new findings, which might help to optimize the operative
treatment of patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas and thus lead to an
improvement of the prognosis and of the postoperative functional outcome. In a
prospective study and two retrospective analyses of prospectively collected
data of the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS) and the Department of
Orthopedic Oncology Berlin-Buch patients with synovial sarcoma of the
extremities, patients with primary, high-grade osteosarcoma of the
extremities, the pelvis and the shoulder girdle as well as patients with
pelvic tumors, who underwent implantation of a pelvic prosthesis, were
evaluated. In osteosarcoma patients it was demonstrated for the first time
that the surgical margin width in bone has no influence on local recurrence
rate following a documented wide resection according to the Enneking
classification. The previously advocated necessity of maintaining an
arbitrarily defined safety distance of at least 3 cm of healthy bone was thus
contradicted. Furthermore it could also be shown for the first time, that
carrying out the tumor biopsy at a different center than the one performing
the tumor resection is associated with a statistically significant increase of
the local recurrence rate and a poorer prognosis. The feasibility of sentinel
node biopsy in order to evaluate regional node status was evaluated for the
first time in patients with synovial sarcomas of the extremities in a
prospective study. It was shown that the method can be successfully and safely
applied, however the clinical relevance of this application remained unclear
due to the small number of patients. The evaluation of the implanted pelvic
prostheses yielded a very high rate of early and late complications,
especially for models which provided for a closing of the pelvic ring.
Considering the results of biological reconstruction methods, such as the hip
transposition, the implantation of pelvic prostheses in patients with primary
malignant bone tumors has been increasingly abandoned
Health related Quality of Life over time in German sarcoma patients. An analysis of associated factors - results of the PROSa study
No full textIntroduction Sarcomas are rare cancers and very heterogeneous in their location, histological subtype, and treatment. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of sarcoma patients has rarely been investigated in longitudinal studies. Methods Here, we assessed adult sarcoma patients and survivors between September 2017 and February 2020, and followed-up for one year in 39 study centers in Germany. Follow-up time points were 6 (t1) and 12 months (t2) after inclusion. We used a standardized, validated questionnaire (the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Instrument (EORTC QLQ-C30) and explored predictors of HRQoL in two populations (all patients (Analysis 1), patients in ongoing complete remission (Analysis 2)) using generalized linear mixed models. Results In total we included up to 1111 patients at baseline (915 at t1, and 847 at t2), thereof 387 participants were in complete remission at baseline (334 at t1, and 200 at t2). When analyzing all patients, HRQoL differed with regard to tumor locations: patients with sarcoma in lower extremities reported lower HRQoL values than patients with sarcomas in the upper extremities. Treatment which included radiotherapy and/or systemic therapy was associated with lower HRQoL. For patients in complete remission, smoking was associated with worse HRQoL-outcomes. In both analyses, bone sarcomas were associated with the worst HRQoL values. Being female, in the age group 55-<65 years, having lower socioeconomic status, and comorbidities were all associated with a lower HRQoL, in both analyses. Discussion HRQoL increased partially over time since treatment and with sporting activities. HRQoL improved with time since treatment, although not in all domains, and was associated with lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. Bone sarcomas were the most affected subgroup. Methods to preserve and improve HRQoL should be developed for sarcoma patients
The association of Health-Related Quality of Life and 1-year-survival in sarcoma patients—results of a Nationwide Observational Study (PROSa)
No full textAbstract Background Sarcomas are rare cancers of high heterogeneity. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) has been shown to be a prognostic factor for survival in other cancer entities but it is unclear whether this applies to sarcoma patients. Patients and methods HRQoL was prospectively assessed in adult sarcoma patients from 2017 to 2020 in 39 German recruiting sites using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Vital status was ascertained over the course of 1 year. HRQoL domains were analysed by multivariable cox-regressions including clinical and socio-economic risk factors. Results Of 1102 patients, 126 (11.4%) died during follow-up. The hazard ratio (HR) for global health was 0.73 per 10-point increase (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.85). HR for the HRQoL-summary score was 0.74 (CI 0.64–0.85) and for physical functioning 0.82 (CI 0.74–0.89). There was also evidence that fatigue (HR 1.17, CI 1.10–1.25), appetite loss (HR 1.15, CI 1.09–1.21) and pain (HR 1.14, CI 1.08–1.20) are prognostic factors for survival. Conclusion Our study adds sarcoma-specific evidence to the existing data about cancer survival in general. Clinicians and care-givers should be aware of the relations between HRQoL and survival probability and include HRQoL in routine assessment.Abstract Background Sarcomas are rare cancers of high heterogeneity. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) has been shown to be a prognostic factor for survival in other cancer entities but it is unclear whether this applies to sarcoma patients. Patients and methods HRQoL was prospectively assessed in adult sarcoma patients from 2017 to 2020 in 39 German recruiting sites using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Vital status was ascertained over the course of 1 year. HRQoL domains were analysed by multivariable cox-regressions including clinical and socio-economic risk factors. Results Of 1102 patients, 126 (11.4%) died during follow-up. The hazard ratio (HR) for global health was 0.73 per 10-point increase (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.85). HR for the HRQoL-summary score was 0.74 (CI 0.64–0.85) and for physical functioning 0.82 (CI 0.74–0.89). There was also evidence that fatigue (HR 1.17, CI 1.10–1.25), appetite loss (HR 1.15, CI 1.09–1.21) and pain (HR 1.14, CI 1.08–1.20) are prognostic factors for survival. Conclusion Our study adds sarcoma-specific evidence to the existing data about cancer survival in general. Clinicians and care-givers should be aware of the relations between HRQoL and survival probability and include HRQoL in routine assessment.Deutsche Krebshilf
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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