1,720,977 research outputs found
Chemical exposure reduction: Factors impacting on South African herbicide sprayers' personal protective equipment compliance and high risk work practices
No full textAbstractThe high exposure risks of workers to herbicides in low- and middle-income countries is an important public health concern because of the potential resulting negative impacts on workers' health. This study investigated workers' personal protective equipment (PPE) compliance as a risk mitigation measure; particularly workers who apply herbicides for Working for Water (WfW) – a South African invasive alien vegetation control programme. The study aim was to understand workers' low PPE compliance by analysing their risk perceptions of herbicide use, working conditions and socio-cultural context. Research methods included ethnographic observations, informal interviews, visual media, questionnaires and a focus group. Study results indicated that low PPE compliance persists despite workers' awareness of herbicide exposure risks and as a result of the influence from workers' socio-cultural context (i.e. gender dynamics and social status), herbicide risk perceptions and working conditions (i.e. environmental and logistical). Interestingly, teams comprised of mostly women had the highest compliance rate. These findings highlighted that given the complexity of PPE compliance, especially in countries with several economic and social constraints, exposure reduction interventions should not rely solely on PPE use promotion. Instead, other control strategies requiring less worker input for effectiveness should be implemented, such as elimination and substitution of highly hazardous pesticides, and altering application methods
Misinformation About HIV and Negative Attitudes Toward Homosexuality and Same-Sex Couples’ Rights: The Case of Colombia
No full textScoping review and bibliometric analysis of the term “planetary health” in the peer-reviewed literature
No full textBackground: Planetary health is an emerging holistic health field to foster interdisciplinary collaborations, integrate Indigenous knowledge, facilitate education, and drive public and policy engagement. To understand to what extent the field has successfully met these goals, we conducted a scoping review and bibliometric analysis.
Methods: We searched 15 databases from 2005 to 2019 for peer-reviewed publications with the term “planetary health” in the title, abstract and/or keywords, with no language or geographical location limitations. We classified results into four categories (commentaries, comprehensive syntheses, educational material, and original research) and categorized original research according to expert-derived planetary health themes. Our bibliometric analysis highlighted publications over time, collaborations, and networks of keywords.
Findings: Only 8.1% (n = 22) were research articles. Publications rose rapidly from 8 to 64 publications per year in 2015–2018. The top five author affiliation countries for most publications were the US, UK, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, and the top five collaborations were a subset of pairwise combinations between the US, UK, Australia, and Canada. The most common author keywords were the following: planetary health, climate change, ecology, and non-communicable diseases. Keyword co-occurrences clustered around high-level concepts (e.g., Anthropocene) and food system-related topics; two clusters lacked a theme.
Interpretation: We show that the term planetary health is used mainly in commentary-like publications, not original research. Additionally, more global collaborations are lacking. Interdisciplinary work, as represented by keyword co-occurrence networks, is developing but could potentially be extended. The planetary health community should promote more worldwide research and interdisciplinary collaborations
Construcción experta del espacio vivido en Medellín. Caso Parques del Río
Full text linkLas transformaciones urbanas requieren de conocimientos que provienen de diferentes disciplinas, sin embargo, en la práctica, muchos de esos proyectos sólo tienen en cuenta la experticia técnica y desvirtúa el conocimiento construido por los habitantes de la ciudad. Este artículo hace uso de la triplicidad espacial propuesta por Henri Lefebvre para comprender y analizar los procesos observados en el megaproyecto Parques del Río Medellín. Para tal fin, se contrastó la teoría y la práctica entre aquellos que conciben el espacio y aquellos que lo viven, para explorar el desequilibrio de poder en que se encuentran los ciudadanos al momento de tomar decisiones frente a la planeación de la ciudad. El resultado de este estudio permitió percibir una colonización del espacio vivido y la puesta en marcha de una visión única del espacio urbano
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Social representation´s about mental health by members of a regional university
No full textLa Salud Mental es un concepto construido histórica y culturalmente. Las Representaciones Sociales permiten comprender esa atribución de sentido desde un contexto y una población específica, favoreciendo la construcción de información relevante para la toma de decisiones planeadas en Salud Mental con un enfoque comunitario. La universidad, como sistema social complejo en transformación, se ha considerado un actor relevante en los procesos de cambio social respecto a la salud de los sujetos y comunidades. Este proyecto de investigación busca comprender cuáles son las Representaciones Sociales de Salud Mental de los miembros de una universidad, por lo que se desarrolló a través de un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, anclado en el paradigma constructivista, con un diseño mixto y un proceso de análisis comparativo constante. Los resultados de las voces de docentes, administrativos, personas de servicios generales y estudiantes, evidenciaron una comprensión de la Salud Mental orientada al bienestar y la tranquilidad, situada en lugares, relaciones y ambientes de la vida cotidiana.Mental Health is a historically and culturally constructed concept. Social Representations allow us to understand this attribution of meaning from a specific context and population, favoring the construction of relevant information for making planned decisions in Mental Health with a community approach. The university, as a complex social system in transformation, has been considered a relevant actor in the processes of social change regarding the health of subjects and communities. This research project seeks to understand what are the Social Representations of Mental Health of the members of a university, so it was developed through a descriptive exploratory study, anchored in the constructivist paradigm, with a mixed design and a comparative analysis process constant. The results of the voices of teachers, administrators, people from general services and students, evidenced an understanding of Mental Health oriented to well-being and tranquility, located in places, relationships and environments of daily life
Social representation´s about mental health by members of a regional university
No full textLa Salud Mental es un concepto construido histórica y culturalmente. Las Representaciones Sociales permiten comprender esa atribución de sentido desde un contexto y una población específica, favoreciendo la construcción de información relevante para la toma de decisiones planeadas en Salud Mental con un enfoque comunitario. La universidad, como sistema social complejo en transformación, se ha considerado un actor relevante en los procesos de cambio social respecto a la salud de los sujetos y comunidades. Este proyecto de investigación busca comprender cuáles son las Representaciones Sociales de Salud Mental de los miembros de una universidad, por lo que se desarrolló a través de un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, anclado en el paradigma constructivista, con un diseño mixto y un proceso de análisis comparativo constante. Los resultados de las voces de docentes, administrativos, personas de servicios generales y estudiantes, evidenciaron una comprensión de la Salud Mental orientada al bienestar y la tranquilidad, situada en lugares, relaciones y ambientes de la vida cotidiana.Mental Health is a historically and culturally constructed concept. Social Representations allow us to understand this attribution of meaning from a specific context and population, favoring the construction of relevant information for making planned decisions in Mental Health with a community approach. The university, as a complex social system in transformation, has been considered a relevant actor in the processes of social change regarding the health of subjects and communities. This research project seeks to understand what are the Social Representations of Mental Health of the members of a university, so it was developed through a descriptive exploratory study, anchored in the constructivist paradigm, with a mixed design and a comparative analysis process constant. The results of the voices of teachers, administrators, people from general services and students, evidenced an understanding of Mental Health oriented to well-being and tranquility, located in places, relationships and environments of daily life
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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