235 research outputs found
Conformal field theory and topology
No full textThe aim of this book is to provide the reader with an introduction to conformal field theory and its applications to topology. The author starts with a description of geometric aspects of conformal field theory based on loop groups. By means of the holonomy of conformal field theory he defines topological invariants for knots and 3-manifolds. He also gives a brief treatment of Chern-Simons perturbation theory
Drag Reduction of Abrupt Contraction Pipe (Control of Flow Separation by Small Obstacle)
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Heat Transfer Enhancement of Circular- and Petal- Shaped Double-Tube-Type Heat Exchangers by Triple Ones
No full textConventional circular double or triple tube type heat exchanger, DHE or THE, is one of the compact heat exchangers; a large number of studies have been performed to improve their heat transfer performance. The authors demonstrated that a petal-shaped special DHE with a large wet perimeter yields a high heat transfer efficiency, η. In this study, the DHE with six or five petals-, five shallow petals-, and circular-inner tubes were used. To further improve the η of the DHE, a THE with a petal-shaped inner tube along with the middle and outer circular tubes were used. Hot water flowed through the inner tube and cold water flowed through the middle and outer tubes as a counter current flow. The heat transfer was approximately equal; however, the flow resistance (pressure loss) of the outer tube of the DHE could be decreased using the middle and outer tubes under the same amount of cold water as the DHE; consequently, the η could be improved. In addition, the effect of changing the flow path of the hot- and cold-water flows on the η was examined
Flow and Forced Convective Heat Transfer of Round Impinging Jet. Control by Coaxial Annular Subjet.
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Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Resonance Free and Impinging Jets with Low Nozzle Plate Spacing
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