101 research outputs found
Women in transport research and innovation: a European perspective
No full textSeveral gender differences exist in the transport sector. These include accessibility to transport modes, safety and security when travelling, and the participation of women in transport research and innovation (R&I). In order to achieve sustainable and inclusive transport, planners and policymakers should consider all impacts on gender equality. This paper sheds light on two main issues which interconnect through the decision-making process. The first relates to women’s behaviour in the transport system (i.e., studies the gender mobility gap). The second concerns the role of women in transport R&I, particularly the topics covered by research projects and relevant descriptive statistics of their participation in the sector. Based on a literature review, this paper identifies critical issues in the European transport sector and key European Union policy initiatives and regulations that address gender equality and transport. The European Commission’s Transport Research and Innovation Monitoring and Information System (TRIMIS) is used to summarise the status and evolution of European research in addressing women’s issues in transport. It also analyses the participation of women in European transport research and innovation activities. The paper assesses progress to date and identifies challenges and opportunities for women, mobility, and transport. It concludes by providing policy recommendations to overcome the major barriers to gender equality in the European transport sector and to transport research and innovation
Analysis of Climate Conditions upon Driving Distance of Vehicle Integrated Photovoltaics‐Powered Vehicles
No full textCitation: Masafumi Yamaguchi, Kyotaro Nakamura, Ryo Ozaki, Nobuaki Kojima, Yoshio Ohshita, Taizo Masuda, Kenichi Okumura, Takashi Mabuchi, Akinori Satou, Tsutomu Tanimoto, Yosuke Tomita, Yusuke Zushi, Takashi Nakado, Kazumi Yamada, Christian Thiel, Anastasios Tsakalidis, Arnulf Jaeger‐Waldau, Tatsuya Takamoto, Kenji Araki, Yasuyuki Ota, Kensuke Nishioka, Analysis of Climate Conditions upon Driving Distance of Vehicle Integrated Photovoltaics‐Powered Vehicles, Energy Technology, 12(1), 2023-11-20, https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.20230069
A framework for the taxonomy and assessment of new and emerging transport technologies and trends
No full textThis paper focuses on the development of a taxonomy framework for new and emerging technologies and trends in the transport sector. This framework is proposed towards the assessment and monitoring of the acceptance, impact and diffusion of technologies and trends, together with a scoring system and a front–end visualisation of the outcomes. In this context, an overview of the transport technology hype over the last years and the establishment of future transport technologies and trends is provided. Issues arising from different constraints, including technological and technical, are taken into account, also considering the transport sector’s interconnection with other sectors and potentially related bottlenecks and drawbacks. The paper outcome is a methodological framework for the creation of different taxonomies for new and emerging transport technologies and trends, achieved through the quantitative assessment of the attractiveness and competitiveness, in terms of diffusion potential, of emerging transport technologies and trends, by associating explicit indices to the various elements of the taxonomies. The proposed taxonomy, assessment and monitoring framework supports innovation management through the identification and evaluation of new and emerging technologies and trends in the field of transport at various levels, thus providing insights to the sector’s stakeholders, while backing the current transport systems’ transformation through technological advances.
First published online 10 May 201
Electric vehicles in Europe from 2010 to 2017: is full-scale commercialisation beginning?
No full textThis study analyses electric vehicle deployment in Europe from 2010 to 2017. Since 2010, the number of models offered, the size segment coverage, the number of registrations, the electric vehicle market share and available recharging infrastructures have increased significantly, albeit still small to be characterised as full-scale commercialisation. Further research and development efforts are needed while the European political trajectory should be adjusted according to the needs introduced by current technological trends, towards a sustainable and economically viable future.JRC.C.4 - Sustainable Transpor
A framework for the taxonomy and assessment of new and emerging transport technologies and trends
No full textThis paper focuses on the development of a taxonomy framework for new and emerging technologies and trends in the transport sector. This framework is proposed towards the assessment and monitoring of the acceptance, impact and diffusion of technologies and trends, together with a scoring system and a front–end visualisation of the outcomes. In this context, an overview of the transport technology hype over the last years and the establishment of future transport technologies and trends is provided. Issues arising from different constraints, including technological and technical, are taken into account, also considering the transport sector’s interconnection with other sectors and potentially related bottlenecks and drawbacks. The paper outcome is a methodological framework for the creation of different taxonomies for new and emerging transport technologies and trends, achieved through the quantitative assessment of the attractiveness and competitiveness, in terms of diffusion potential, of emerging transport technologies and trends, by associating explicit indices to the various elements of the taxonomies. The proposed taxonomy, assessment and monitoring framework supports innovation management through the identification and evaluation of new and emerging technologies and trends in the field of transport at various levels, thus providing insights to the sector’s stakeholders, while backing the current transport systems’ transformation through technological advances.JRC.C.4 - Sustainable Transpor
Development of speed – flow correlation models within interrupted traffic flow conditions for the dynamic assessment of air pollution
No full textThe subject of this dissertation is the investigation of the environmental impact in relation to the traffic characteristics and the objective the development of speed-flow correlation models within interrupted traffic flow conditions for the dynamic assessment of air pollution. Speed-flow correlation models are developed based on empirical data from interrupted traffic flow conditions, a situation that is almost the norm of urban traffic. In addition, a traffic data collection methodology is developed, that has a dynamic character and is not locally limited. The main features of atmospheric pollution and its consequences are presented, while externalities on the transport sector and the impact of road traffic on the natural environment are analyzed, with emphasis on the production of pollutant emissions. In addition, the sustainable transport systems and the European reality are presented, reviewing the established European policies on transport, climate change and vehicle technology and fuel, while the relevant targets are set for the sustainability of transport systems by 2050. At the same time, the theoretical background of the research is developed, and traffic flow theory in particular. The traffic emissions calculation procedure is introduced underlining the importance of the relevant estimation models. At the same time, there is a detailed description of the European tool for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from road transport system, namely the COPERT4 software, which is also used in this dissertation. Moreover, the concept of traffic flow models based on correlations between the various traffic characteristics is presented: flow, speed and traffic density in addition to the relevant literature review. Furthermore, a methodology for traffic emissions estimation was developed, that has the character of a dynamic tool and can be used in real time to assess the atmospheric impact of road traffic within the urban environment. The correlation of traffic characteristics with the production of gaseous emissions in interrupted traffic flow conditions, and the creation of a dynamic application for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from traffic in real time was achieved. The methodology developed was applied in the study area, which was the city of Thessaloniki. The application area was defined, the local characteristics and traffic conditions were recorded and the road network was mapped and categorized according to its functional characteristics. Road segments were selected for the study and the collection and analysis procedures of the necessary data for the survey were defined, including the use of a taxi fleet to collect dynamic traffic data. This process led to the development of mathematical relationships between speed and traffic flow and through their assessment representative road segments for the entire road network were selected. At the same time, traffic data collection procedures for the improvement of the statistical sample are presented and the final speed - flow correlation curves are developed. Thus, a dynamic traffic emission calculation application is developed using the COPERT4 software and finally the results of the application are extracted.Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διατριβής αποτελεί η διερεύνηση των περιβαλλοντικών επιπτώσεων σε σχέση με τα χαρακτηριστικά μεγέθη της κυκλοφορίας και στόχος της η διαμόρφωση υποδειγμάτων συσχέτισης ταχύτητας - φόρτου σε συνθήκες διακοπτόμενης κυκλοφοριακής ροής για τη δυναμική εκτίμηση της αέριας ρύπανσης. Αναπτύσσονται υποδείγματα συσχέτισης μεταξύ ταχύτητας – φόρτου κυκλοφορίας βάσει εμπειρικών δεδομένων από συνθήκες διακοπτόμενης κυκλοφοριακής ροής, μια κατάσταση που αποτελεί σχεδόν τον κανόνα της αστικής οδικής κυκλοφορίας. Επίσης, για τους σκοπούς της έρευνας αναπτύσσεται μια μεθοδολογία συλλογής κυκλοφοριακών δεδομένων με δυναμικό χαρακτήρα που δεν περιορίζεται τοπικά. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, αναλύονται οι εξωτερικότητες του κλάδου των μεταφορών και οι επιπτώσεις της οδικής κυκλοφορίας στο φυσικό περιβάλλον, με έμφαση στην παραγωγή αερίων εκπομπών. Παρουσιάζονται τα βιώσιμα συστήματα μεταφορών και η Ευρωπαϊκή πραγματικότητα, γίνεται ανασκόπηση των θεσπισμένων Ευρωπαϊκών πολιτικών για τις μεταφορές, την αντιμετώπιση της κλιματικής αλλαγής και την τεχνολογία οχημάτων και καυσίμων, ενώ παρουσιάζονται οι σχετικοί στόχοι για τη βιωσιμότητα των συστημάτων μεταφορών με ορίζοντα το 2050. Συγχρόνως, αναπτύσσεται το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο της έρευνας, και ειδικότερα η θεωρία της κυκλοφοριακής ροής. Γίνεται εισαγωγή στη διαδικασία υπολογισμού αερίων εκπομπών από την κυκλοφορία στην ατμόσφαιρα και τονίζεται η σημασία των σχετικών υποδειγμάτων πρόβλεψης. Παράλληλα, γίνεται αναλυτική περιγραφή του Ευρωπαϊκού εργαλείου για τον υπολογισμό αερίων ρύπων από το σύστημα οδικών μεταφορών COPERT4, το οποίο χρησιμοποιείται και στην παρούσα διατριβή. Στη συνέχεια, αναπτύσσεται η έννοια των υποδειγμάτων κυκλοφοριακής ροής, βάσει των συσχετίσεων ανά δύο μεταξύ των χαρακτηριστικών μεγεθών της κυκλοφορίας: του κυκλοφοριακού φόρτου, της ταχύτητας και της πυκνότητας της κυκλοφορίας. Παρουσιάζονται οι σχετικές ερευνητικές προσπάθειες που πραγματοποιήθηκαν σε θεωρητικό και πειραματικό επίπεδο διαχρονικά από τις αρχές του 20ου αιώνα έως σήμερα και πραγματοποιείται ανασκόπηση της σχετικής βιβλιογραφίας διεθνώς. Για τους σκοπούς της έρευνας αναπτύσσεται η μεθοδολογία για την εκτίμηση εκπομπών αερίων ρύπων από την κυκλοφορία, που διαθέτει το χαρακτήρα ενός δυναμικού εργαλείου και είναι δυνατό να χρησιμοποιείται σε πραγματικό χρόνο για την εκτίμηση των ατμοσφαιρικών επιβαρύνσεων από την οδική κυκλοφορία εντός αστικού περιβάλλοντος. Συσχετίζονται τα χαρακτηριστικά μεγέθη της κυκλοφορίας με την παραγωγή αερίων εκπομπών σε συνθήκες διακοπτόμενης κυκλοφοριακής ροής και δημιουργείται μια δυναμική εφαρμογή για τον υπολογισμό αερίων εκπομπών από την κυκλοφορία σε πραγματικό χρόνο. Η μεθοδολογία που αναπτύχθηκε εφαρμόζεται στην περιοχή μελέτης, που είναι το πολεοδομικό συγκρότημα της Θεσσαλονίκης. Ορίζεται επακριβώς η περιοχή εφαρμογής, καταγράφονται τα χαρακτηριστικά της και οι κυκλοφοριακές συνθήκες που επικρατούν και γίνεται λειτουργική ιεράρχηση και χαρτογραφική απεικόνιση του οδικού δικτύου. Επιλέγονται τα οδικά τμήματα μελέτης και περιγράφονται οι διαδικασίες συλλογής και ανάλυσης των απαραίτητων στοιχείων για την έρευνα, η οποία περιλαμβάνει μεταξύ άλλων τη χρήση ενός στόλου ταξί για τη συλλογή δυναμικών κυκλοφοριακών δεδομένων πραγματικού χρόνου. Η παραπάνω διαδικασία οδηγεί στην ανάπτυξη μαθηματικών σχέσεων μεταξύ της ταχύτητας και του φόρτου κυκλοφορίας και μέσω της αξιολόγησής τους επιλέγονται αντιπροσωπευτικά οδικά τμήματα από το σύνολο του οδικού δικτύου. Ταυτόχρονα, παρουσιάζονται οι διαδικασίες λήψης πρωτογενών δεδομένων για τη βελτίωση του στατιστικού δείγματος, εξάγονται οι οριστικές καμπύλες συσχέτισης ταχύτητας-φόρτου κυκλοφορίας, αναπτύσσεται μια δυναμική εφαρμογή υπολογισμού αερίων εκπομπών από την κυκλοφορία μέσω του λογισμικού COPERT4 και τελικά γίνεται εξαγωγή των αποτελεσμάτων της εφαρμογής
The impacts of illegal parking on the urban areas’ traffic and environmental conditions: The case of the city of Thessaloniki
No full textA combination of factors including an unattractive public transport offering
a low level of service, the lack of parking facilities, an inadequate
drivers’ education and poor policing have led to illegal parking phenomena in
many Greek cities, contributing in their aesthetic and cultural degradation,
making them inaccessible for both vehicles and pedestrians. In the present
study the phenomenon of illegal parking is investigated along selected road
axes in the city of Thessaloniki, Greece. After the appropriate processing of
the data collected, the impact of illegal parking on the reduction of road
capacity was calculated. Moreover, it was attempted to relate illegal parking
activity with the type of adjacent land uses. Conclusions regarding the
degree of parking violations and the road capacity reduction in relation to
road and adjacent land uses’ characteristics are given and possible measures
and policies towards the alleviation of the problem are proposed
A Methodological Framework for the Comparative Analysis of the Environmental Performance of Roadway and Railway Transport
No full textLow-carbon transport is a priority in addressing climate change. Transport is still almost totally dependent on fossil fuels (96%) and accounts for almost 60% of global oil use. Sustainable transport systems, both passenger and freight, should be economically and technically feasible, but also low-carbon and environmentally friendly. The calculation of greenhouse gas emissions in transport projects is becoming a primary target of transport companies as a part of an endeavor for low-carbon strategies to reduce the energy demand and environmental impact. This paper investigates the CO2 impact of construction and operation of the main highway and railway line infrastructure in Greece, which connects Athens and Thessaloniki, the capital and the second biggest city in Greece respectively and provides a comparative analysis in roadway and railway transport
Eligibility of BPMN Models for Business Process Redesign
No full textBusiness process redesign (BPR) is an organizational initiative for achieving competitive multi-faceted advantages regarding business processes, in terms of cycle time, quality, cost, customer satisfaction and other critical performance metrics. In spite of the fact that BPR tools and methodologies are increasingly being adopted, process innovation efforts have proven ineffective in delivering the expected outcome. This paper investigates the eligibility of BPMN process models towards the application of redesign methods inspired by data-flow communities. In previous work, the transformation of a business process model to a directed acyclic graph (DAG) has yielded notable optimization results for determining average performance of process executions consisting of ad-hoc processes. Still, the utilization encountered drawbacks due to a lack of input specification, complexity assessment and normalization of the BPMN model and application to more generic business process cases. This paper presents an assessment mechanism that measures the eligibility of a BPMN model and its capability to be effectively transformed to a DAG and be further subjected to data-centric workflow optimization methods. The proposed mechanism evaluates the model type, complexity metrics, normalization and optimization capability of candidate process models, while at the same time allowing users to set their desired complexity thresholds. An indicative example is used to demonstrate the assessment phases and to illustrate the usability of the proposed mechanism towards the advancement and facilitation of the optimization phase. Finally, the authors review BPMN models from both an SOA-based business process design (BPD) repository and relevant literature and assess their eligibility
A Trustable and Interoperable Decentralized Solution for Citizen-Centric and Cross-Border eGovernance: A Conceptual Approach
No full textPart 5: Data Analytics, Decision Making, and Artificial IntelligenceInternational audienceAiming to support a cross-sector and cross-border eGovernance paradigm for sharing common public services, this paper introduces an AI-enhanced solution that enables beneficiaries to participate in a decentralized network for effective big data exchange and service delivery that promotes the once-only priority and is by design digital, efficient, cost-effective, interoperable and secure. The solution comprises (i) a reliable and efficient decentralized mechanism for data sharing, capable of addressing the complexity of the processes and their high demand of resources; (ii) an ecosystem for delivering mobile services tailored to the needs of stakeholders; (iii) a single sign-on Wallet mechanism to manage transactions with multiple services; and (iv) an intercommunication layer, responsible for the secure exchange of information among existing eGovernment systems with newly developed ones. An indicative application scenario showcases the potential of our approach
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