1,721,022 research outputs found
The 'Mini-Jupette' technique for climacturia: a systematic review
No full textBackground:The leakage of urine during sexual arousal, known as climacturia, is an under-recognized clinical condition often overshadowed by erectile dysfunction in men who have undergone radical prostatectomy.Objectives:This study aims to determine and evaluate the role of the Mini-Jupette technique and its alternatives in the treatment of climacturia.Data sources and methods:We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for systematic reviews. We searched Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases until October 2022.Results:We included seven studies involving 120 patients with climacturia. Different types of grafts were used, ranging from synthetic mesh to autologous grafts. In all seven studies, the use of the Adrianne Mini-Jupette (AMJ) and its alternatives showed a high percentage of improvement in climacturia, with reported complete resolution ranging from 65% to 93%. Regarding postoperative complications, one study reported the highest sling explantation rate at 11% (4/38), while other studies reported complications ranging from subjective symptoms such as dysuria and perineal pain to the need for subsequent artificial urinary sphincter placement.Conclusion:The AMJ sling and its variations are low-cost, time-efficient, and relatively safe procedures with high patient satisfaction rates among those treated for climacturia.The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Acceleration of solar energetic particles: the case of solar ares
No full textSolar energetic particles are believed to originate from two di erent sources, solar ares and coronal mass ejections. These two sources are the most energetic particle accelerators in the heliosphere, as they can accelerate electrons from 10 keV to a few MeV and protons from a few MeV to a few GeV. In this contribution, we restrict our presentation to the case of solar ares, by reviewing the key observations of solar energetic particles, as well as the theoretical acceleration models, such as wave– particle acceleration, DC electric elds, and shock acceleration. Finally, we present a new theoretical approach connecting the acceleration with the energy release during sola
Special Issue: Tsallis Entropy
No full textOne of the crucial properties of the Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy in the context of classical thermodynamics is extensivity, namely proportionality with the number of elements of the system. The Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy satisfies this prescription if the subsystems are statistically (quasi-) independent, or typically if the correlations within the system are essentially local. In such cases the energy of the system is typically extensive and the entropy is additive. In general, however, the situation is not of this type and correlations may be far from negligible at all scales. Tsallis in 1988 introduced an entropic expression characterized by an index q which leads to a non-extensive statistics. Tsallis entropy, Sq, is the basis of the so called non-extensive statistical mechanics, which generalizes the Boltzmann-Gibbs theory. Tsallis statistics have found applications in a wide range of phenomena in diverse disciplines such as physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, economics, geophysics, etc. The focus of this special issue of Entropy was to solicit contributions that apply Tsallis entropy in various scientific fields. [...
CELLULAR AUTOMATA MODELS: A SANDPILE MODEL APPLIED IN FUSION ∗ SUMMARY
No full textWe present the basic properties of a simple cellular automaton (CA) model proposed for the study of turbulence and turbulent transport in magnetically confined plasmas. The CA is a running sandpile model, based on the Self Organized Criticality (SOC). Such a model, despite its simplicity, provides useful insights regarding the dynamics of magnetically confined plasmas. 1 CELLULAR AUTOMATA AND SELF ORGANIZED CRITICALITY The purpose of this contribution is to introduce the key elements of a sandpile model, based on the Self Organized Criticality (SOC), that could provide the computational investigation of the dynamics for the case of magnetically confined plasmas. In this section, it is important to give several useful definitions, such as what is a spatially extended dynamical system, how we can study it, what is the Self Organized Critical (SOC) state and what are the basic properties that a system has at the SOC state. A spatially extended dynamical system is a system with both temporal and spatial degrees of freedom. Here the term degrees of freedom corresponds to the independent field variables which are necessary to describe the state of the system. Such a syste
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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