87,391 research outputs found
The political and military career of General Anastasio Bustamente (1780-1853)
No full textAnastasio Bustamante was born in the modern day state of Michoacan in
1780. He served the Royalist Army during the insurgency (1810-1821). He was one
of the first officers to adhere to Agustin de Iturbide's Plan of Iguala in 1821, and a
signatory of the Act of Independence (28 September 1821). He was a member of
Mexico's first independent government, the Junta Provisional Gubernativa (1821-
1822) and served as the Captain General of the Eastern and Western Internal
Provinces during Iturbide's short-lived reign as Emperor (1822-1823). He served as
the Commander General of the Eastern Interior Provinces between 1826 and 1829. In
1829 he became Vice-President of the Republic. In December 1829 he led a
successful rebellion against the incumbent President, Vicente Guerrero. He served as
acting Head of the Executive between 1830 and 1832. In 1837 he was elected
President. He occupied this position until 1841. He commanded the troops of the
Western Division during the war with the United States (1846-1848). Between 1848
and 1849, he oversaw the pacification of one of the many rebellions of the Sierra
Gorda (now the Sierra de Queretaro). He died in Guanajuato in 1853, aged 73.
This study examines Bustamante's military and political career. It rejects the
traditional interpretation of the General, which portrays him as a weak and indecisive
man lacking in any real political principles. Instead, it argues that Bustamante was a
resolute and pragmatic leader, who supported the cause of moderate federalism for
most of his career
NMR and computational data of two novel antimicrobial peptides
No full textAbstractHere we report details on the design and conformational analysis of two novel peptides showing antimicrobial properties, as reported in the research article, “New antimicrobial peptides against foodborne pathogens: from in silico design to experimental evidence” G. Palmieri, M. Balestrieri, Y.T.R. Proroga, L. Falcigno, A. Facchiano, A. Riccio, F. Capuano, R. Marrone, G. Campanile, A. Anastasio (2016) [1]. NMR data, such as chemical shifts in two different solvents as well as aCH protons deviations from random coil values and NOE patterns, are shown together with the statistics of structural calculations. Strategy and particulars of molecular design are presented
Morning pressor surge, blood pressure variability, and arterial stiffness in essential hypertension
No full textObjective: An excess morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) may portend an increased cardiovascular risk, but the mechanisms thereof have been little investigated. The link between MBPS, short-term blood pressure (BP) variability, and arterial stiffness has not been entirely defined. Methods: In 602 consecutive untreated hypertensive patients (48 ± 12 years, 61% men, office BP 149/93 ± 17/10 mmHg), we measured carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV, SphygmoCor) and 24-h ambulatory BP. Using self-reported sleep and wake times, MBPS was defined as sleep-trough (ST-MBPS), prewaking, rising. Short-term BP variability was calculated as weighted 24-h SBP SD and average real variability of 24-h SBP (ARV), that is, average of absolute differences between consecutive SBP readings. Results: ST-MBPS (r = 0.16, P < 0.001) and rising MBPS (r = 0.12, P = 0.003) showed a direct correlation with cfPWV, whereas prewaking MBPS had no such relation (r = 0.06, P = 0.14). Only ST-MBPS was independently associated with cf-PWV (t = 1.96, P = 0.04) after adjustment for age, sex, height, office mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and renal function. This association was lost after further adjustment for weighted 24-h SBP SD (P = 0.13) or ARV (P = 0.24). ARV was a significant mediator of the relationship between ST-MBPS and cf-PWV (P = 0.003). Conclusion: In untreated hypertension, ST-MBPS has a direct relation with aortic stiffness, which is mediated by an increased ARV. The adverse effects of MBPS may be partly explained by its link with arterial stiffness, mediated by short-term SBP variability
Frequency-dependent habituation deficit of the nociceptive blink reflex in aura with migraine headache. Can migraine aura play a modulating role?
No full textObjective
To study the influence of the migraine aura on the trigeminal nociception, we investigated the habituation of the nociceptive blink reflex (nBR) R2 responses in aura with migraine headache (AwMH) and comparatively in migraine without aura (MWoA) and healthy (HS) subjects.
Methods
Seventeen AwMH, 29 MWoA and 30 HS were studied. We delivered a series of 26 electrical stimuli, at different stimulation frequencies (SF) (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1Hz), subsequently subdivided in five blocks of five responses for each SF. Habituation was measured as the percentage decrease of the R2 area across the blocks.
Results
A significant frequency-dependent habituation deficit of the nBR R2 responses was found from 1 to 0.2 Hz SF in both MWoA and AwMH when compared to HS. AwMH did not shown habituation deficit at the higher 1 Hz SF and showed a less consistent deficit at 0.5 and 0.3 Hz SF.
Conclusions
We demonstrated in AwMH a deficit of habituation, although less pronounced than that observed in MWoA of comparable clinical severity.
Significance
We hypothesize that AwMH and MWoA share some pathogenetic aspects and that migraine aura physiopathology may play a modulating role on the excitability of the nociceptive trigeminal pathways
Memorie di un ambasciatore a Costantinopoli: Anastasio Bibliotecario tra rappresentazione di sé e racconto storico
No full textAnastasio bibliotecario fu una delle personalità più eminenti e più discusse nella Roma del terzo quarto del IX secolo, il cui nome è però strettamente legato alla missione a Costantinopoli compiuta tra la fine dell’869 e l’inizio dell’870, quando fu inviato dall’imperatore Ludovico II per trattare del matrimonio della figlia Ermengarda con Costantino, figlio dell’imperatore bizantino Basilio I. Giunto nella capitale imperiale, fu coinvolto nelle fasi finali dell’VIII concilio ecumenico, convocato per dirimere la questione di Fozio e, terminata la missione, Anastasio rientrò a Roma con una copia personale degli atti conciliari, che, a causa di eventi fortuiti, rimase l’unica copia pervenuta in Occidente e la base della successiva traduzione in latino compiuta dallo stesso Anastasio. Inviata a papa Adriano II nell’872, la traduzione fu accompagnata da una lunga lettera, un testo rigidamente strutturato secondo i canoni letterari delle epistole nuncupative, ma contenente al suo interno sia precise ricostruzioni storiche sia una potente volontà autorappresentativa e autocelebrativa. Obiettivo di questo contributo sarà quindi l’identificazione delle possibili fonti sfruttate da Anastasio nella redazione della lettera prefatoria, le modalità di autorappresentazione messe in atto dall’autore come mediatore di una precisa memoria storica degli eventi costantinopolitani e infine l’analisi delle diverse intenzioni comunicative anastasiane sottese alla redazione della lettera in rapporto anche a meccanismi di delegittimazione della dinastia amoriana
Probabilistic techniques for bridging the semantic gap in schema alignment
No full textConnecting pieces of informations from heterogeneous sources sharing the same domain is an open challenge in Semantic Web, Big Data and business communities.
The main problem in this research area is to bridge the expressiveness gap between relational databases and ontologies. In general, an ontology is more expressive and captures more semantic information behind data than a relational database does. On the other side, databases are the most common used persistent storage system and they grant benefits such as security and data integrity but they need to be managed by expert users.
The problem is quite significant above all when enterprise or corporate ontologies are used to share infomations coming from different databases and where a more efficient data management is auspicable for interoperability purposes.
The main motivations on this thesis are related to the database access via ontology, as in the OBDA (Ontology Based Data Access) scenario, wich provides a formal specification of the domain close to the human’s view, while technical details of the database are hidden from end-user, and also the persistent storageof ontologies in databases for facilitating search and retrieval, keeping the benefits of database management systems. In these cases the assertion component (A-Box) is usually stored into a database, and terminological one (T-Box) is mantained in an ontology. So it is more necessary to align schemas than matching instances.
The term alignment can be used to define the whole process comprising the mapping process between two existent heterogeneous sources, such as ontology and relational database, and the trasformation process from a representation to the other one, such as ontology-to-database and database-to-ontology.
Defining mappings manually is an hard task expecially for large and complex data representations and existing methodologies fail in loosing some contents and several elements are left unaligned. In this thesis are discussed various aspects of the alignment in all these senses.
The presented techniques are based on a probabilistic approach that fits well on the uncertain alignment process, where are involved two different representations with a different level of expressiveness. In the methodology ontologies and databases are described in terms of Ontology Web Language (OWL) and Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) lexical descriptions. So, the ontologies are represented by a set of OWL axioms while a properly defined Context-Free Grammar (CFG) is used to represent ERDs (Entity-Relationship Diagrams) as a set of sentences.
Both the OWL → ERD transformation and the mapping rely on HMMs (Hidden Markov Models) to estimate the most likely sequence of ERD symbols observing OWL symbols. In the model definition OWL constructs are the observable states, while the ERD symbols are the hidden states.
The tools developed, one for OWL → ERD transformation purpose, called OMEGA (Ontology → Markov → ERD Generator Application) and one for mapping OWL and ERD, called HOwErd (HMM OWL-ERD) own their own GUI interface for showing the alignment results. Finally, HOwErd is compared with the most widespread tools in the reference literature
L’acquisizione dei verbi di movimento in italiano lingua seconda: i bambini immigrati nell’area di Napoli
No full textLo studio si propone di analizzare lo sviluppo linguistico-cognitivo di soggetti immigrati molto
giovani (dai 4 ai 12 anni) in relazione al dominio cognitivo dello spazio dinamico. In particolare,
saranno presi come oggetto di studio le strategie di lessicalizzazione legate ai verbi di movimento
prodotti dai soggetti intervistati nell’ambito di compiti semi-strutturati.
Le strategie di lessicalizzazione degli eventi di movimento sono stati oggetto di vari studi in
relazione a lingue sia vicine che distanti dal punto di vista tipologico (cfr. ad esempio Talmy, 1983,
1985, 2000; Bowerman, 1996; Slobin, 2004). Slobin (1996, 2004), in particolare, evidenzia il
carattere fortemente coercitivo del sistema materno nell’orientare i parlanti, sin dalla primissima
infanzia, verso l’impostazione linguistico-concettuale che la propria lingua mette a disposizione in
termini di spazio dinamico (e non solo). La conseguenza più evidente di tale impostazione è la sua
traslazione nel sistema linguistico straniero che un individuo può ritrovarsi ad apprendere.
Il quadro teorico adottato nella nostra ricerca si basa sulla classificazione tipologica delle lingue del
mondo di Talmy (supra) e sulla rivisitazione di quest’ultima da parte di Slobin (supra). Talmy
distingue due grandi tipologie: satellite-framed languages e verb-framed languages. Le prime
(quali, ad esempio, le lingue germaniche e le lingue slave), tendono a veicolare la traiettoria (Path)
in un elemento, detto satellite (particella o preposizione) postposto o anteposto al verbo, mentre la
causa e/o la maniera del movimento, componenti esterne del movimento, sono lessicalizzate nella
radice verbale. Le seconde, invece – che comprendono le lingue romanze –, lessicalizzano il Path
nel verbo, mentre le altre componenti (Maniera / Causa) sono espresse tramite una proposizione
subordinata o indipendente.
Nel 2004 Slobin rivisita la teoria di Talmy, ponendo la sua attenzione sulla Maniera del Movimento
e distinguendo le high-manner salient languages dalle low-manner salient languages. Le lingue
germaniche e le lingue slave, ad esempio, sarebbero delle high-manner salient languages, perché il
sistema linguistico di tali lingue è ricco di verbi che lessicalizzano la maniera e quindi facilmente
accessibile. Al contrario, le lingue romanze, non disponendo di molti verbi di maniera,
veicolerebbero tale componente del movimento in maniera opzionale.
Al fine della nostra ricerca, sono stati analizzati dei racconti fittizi prodotti da bambini immigrati, la
cui età va dai 4 ai 12 anni, sulla base di compiti semi-strutturati. I bambini possiedono lingue
materne extra-europee (cinese, urdu ecc.) e sono inseriti nella scuola italiana da periodi più o meno
lunghi. I dati sono stati raccolti per il tramite di un cartone animato muto della serie polacca Reksio
(Marzalek, 1967) e della storia illustrata senza testo scritto Frog, where are you? (di Mayer, 1969).
Entrambi i supporti sono ricchi di movimenti nello spazio. Ogni informatore ha visionato l’episodio
animato e la storia illustrata in maniera individuale e successivamente ha dovuto raccontarne il
contenuto ad un interlocutore.
Il gruppo di bambini immigrati è stato inoltre confrontato a un gruppo di controllo di bambini
italofoni della stessa età.
L’analisi dei dati si basa sui seguenti parametri:
1. Densità semantica, ossia numero delle componenti semantiche espresse;
2. Locus delle informazioni, ossia ambito in cui è focalizzata la componente;
3. Focus, attenzione portata sulla componente.
I risultati dei dati analizzati mostreranno la minore o maggiore distanza dei bambini immigrati dai
bambini italofoni in relazione alle strategie di lessicalizzazione adottate per l’espressione del
movimento in italiano, ovvero la strategia verbale, tipica delle lingue romanze, vs quella a satellite,
per il tramite dei verbi sintagmatici (Simone, 1997, Iacobini & Masini, 2006). Questi ultimi
rappresentano una classe lessicale molto produttiva in italiano che fa sì che tale lingua rappresenti
un caso di variazione intratipologica rispetto alle altre lingue romanze (Anastasio, 2014; Russo,
2014).
La nostra ricerca vuole apportare dei nuovi risultati allo studio sulle relazioni spaziali dinamiche e
volontarie, in quanto per l’italiano L1 gli studi effettuati sino ad oggi sono per lo più in diacronia,
mentre per l’apprendimento dell’italiano L2 pochi studi sono stati dedicati all’espressione dello
spazio dinamico, e tanto meno in relazione a soggetti immigrati molto giovani. Riferimenti bibliografici
Anastasio, Simona. 2014. ‘Diversité dans l’expression de l’espace dynamique en L1 :
étude contrastive entre italien, français et anglais’. Actes du COLDOC Diversité des
Langues. Les Universaux Linguistiques à l’Épreuve des Faits de Langues. Paris,
Université Paris Nanterre :106-116.
Bowerman, Melissa. 1996. ‘Learning how to structure space for language : a
crosslinguistic perspective’. In Bloom, P., Peterson, N. A., Nadel, L. & Garrett, M. F. (eds.).
Language and Space. Cambridge, Mass, MIT Press : 387-436.
Iacobini, Claudio & Masini, Francesca (2006). ‘The emergence of verb-particle
constructions in Italian: locative and actional meanings’, Morphology 16 (2): 155-188.
Russo, Rosa. 2014. ‘Les verbes de mouvement italiens: stratégies de lexicalisation des
natifs’. Actes du COLDOC Diversité des Langues. Les Universaux Linguistiques à
l’Épreuve des Faits de Langues. Paris, Université Paris Nanterre : 95-105.
Simone, Raffaele. 1997. ‘Esistono verbi sintagmatici in italiano?’. In De Mauro, T. & Lo
Cascio, V. (eds.). Lessico e grammatica. Teorie linguistiche e applicazioni lessicografiche.
Roma, Bulzoni: 155-170.
Slobin, Dan Isaac. 1996. ‘From ‘Thought and language’ to ‘thinking for speaking’. In
Gumperz, J. J & / Levinson, S. C. (eds.). Rethinking Linguistic Relativity: Vol. Studies in
the social and cultural foundations of language. New York, Cambridge University Press:
70-96.
Slobin, Dan Isaac. 2004. ‘The many ways to search for a frog: linguistic typology and the
expression of motion events’. In Strömqvist, S. & Verhoeven, L. (eds). Relating Events in
Narrative: topological and contextual Perspectives. Mahwah NJ, LEA Publishers: 219-257.
Talmy, Leonard. 1983. ‘How language structures space’. In Pick, H. L. & Acredolo, L. P. (eds).
Spatial Orientation: Theory, Research and Application. New York, Plenum Press: 225-282.
Talmy, Leonard. 1985. ‘Lexicalization patterns: semantic structure in lexical form’. In Shopen, T.
(ed). Language Tyopology and Semantic Description, vol. 3: Grammatical Categories and the
Lexicon. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 36-149.
Talmy, Leonard. 2000. Toward a Cognitive Semantics, vol. 1 & 2. Camnridge MA, MIT Press
Ms. 2710
No full textManuscrito número 2710 de la Biblioteca Histórica de la USAL274 h : papel ; 305 x 205 mmManuscrito en griego, comprado por Diego de Covarrubias a Andrés Darmario (copista de f. 1-80) en Trentof. 1-80: Gregorio de Nisa, De hominis opificio ; f. 81-274: Anastasio el Sinaíta, In Hexaemero
The ox grave from Semitella (Sesto Fiorentino- Firenze)
No full textViene illustrata la sepoltura di bovide nell'insediamento campaniforme di Semitella (Firenze) evidenziandone le similarità con analoghe forme rituali europe
De hominis opificio
No full textManuscrito en griego, comprado por Diego de Covarrubias a Andrés Darmario (copista de f. 1-80) en TrentoCopia digital. España : Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Cooperación Bibliotecaria (subvención USAL), 2021f. 1-80: Gregorio de Nisa, De hominis opificiof. 81-274: Anastasio el Sinaíta, In Hexaemero
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