1,721,193 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Visualization of industrial 3DXCT data
No full textMit Hilfe der drei dimensionalen Röntgen-Computertomographie (3DXCT) kann aus einer Serie von zwei dimensionalen Röntgenbildern eine drei dimensionale volumetrische Repräsentation eines Prüfkörpers erstellt werden. Somit besteht ein großer Vorteil dieser Technik darin, dass in nur einem Scanvorgang sowohl innere, als auch äußere Strukturen eines Prüfkörpers detektiert werden können. 3DXCT ist schon seit längerem eine bekannte und vielgenutzte Technik im Bereich der medizinischen Diagnostik. Nun findet sie auch Anwendung im Bereich der Industrie, wo sie zur zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung und Qualitätskontrolle eingesetzt wird. Hier erleichtert 3DXCT Dimenionsmessungen von inneren und somit schwer zugänglichen Strukturen in industriell gefertigten Werkstücken. Trotz dieser Vorteile stellt die Anwendung von 3DXCT in der Industrie eine besondere Herausforderung dar, weil speziell im Bereich der Messtechnik hohe Qualitätsstandards erfüllt werden müssen. Die Hauptprobleme bei der industriellen Verwendung von 3DXCT sind:Artefakte: Durch unterschiedliche Einflüsse (z.B. die Platzierung des Prüfkörpers im 3DXCT-Scanner) können in den Datensätzen verschiedene Arten von Artefakten auftreten. Diese können später nicht nur die Scandaten des eigentlichen Prüfkörpers verfälschen, sondern können auch zu Fehlern in den Mess- und Analyseergebnissen führen.Verbundmaterialien: Viele industrielle Komponenten werden aus verschiedenen Materialien gefertigt, die während der Produktion miteinander verbunden werden. Häufig werden dabei Metallteile mit einer Verkleidung versehen, welche zumeist aus Kunststoff bestehen. In solchen Fällen kommt es dann zu Artefakten und Verzerrungen in den Daten, welche durch die metallischen Teile verursacht werden. Solche Störungen können später die Analyse der nicht-metallischen Materialien beinträchtigen, oder sie im schlechtesten Fall sogar unmöglich machen.Messunsicherheit: Um Messungen in 3DXCT-Daten durchführen zu können, muss zuerst anhand der drei dimensionalen Volumsdaten bestimmt werden, welche Daten die Oberfläche des Prüfkörpers repräsentieren. Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass die Oberfläche nicht explizit definiert ist und gegebenfalls vorhandene Artefakte und Verzerrungen in den Daten die Analyse erschweren, ist die Messung der Oberfläche immer mit einer gewissen Unsicherheit behaftet. Diese Messunsicherheiten werden von aktuellen Softwareprodukten, welche in der Messtechnik Anwendung finden, nicht berücksichtigt.Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation werden neue Methoden zur industriellen Verwendung von 3DXCT für zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfungen und Qualitätskontrollen vorgestellt, welche Lösungen für die oben erwähnten Probleme anbieten. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Verwendung von 3DXCT im Bereich der Messtechnik. Ziel war es, Methoden zu entwickeln, welche die einzelnen Stufen in der Erstellung und Analyse industrieller 3DXCT-Daten unterstützen und verbessern. Basierend auf Technologien aus den Bereichen Visualisierung und Visual Analytics wurden neue Methoden implementiert und in Werkzeuge integriert, die den Anwender in typischen 3DXCT Auswertungen unterstützen sollen. Diese umfassen: eine neue Methode zur optimalen Platzierung von Prüfkörpern im 3DXCT-Scanner unter Berücksichtigung der Stabilität der Platzierung, ein System zur visuellen Analyse und Reduktion von Artefakten, welche durch das Vorhandensein von metallischen Teilen verursacht wurden, und ein System zur visuellen Darstellung von Messunsicherheiten in den Daten in verschiedenen Detaillierungsgraden. In dieser Arbeit werden die verwendeten Methoden beschrieben und ihre Anwendungen anhand von verschiedenen industriellen 3DXCT-Datensätzen dargestellt.Three-dimensional X-ray computed tomography (3DXCT) is a powerful technique for generating a digital 3D volumetric representation of a specimen from a series of 2D X-ray penetration images. The main advantage of 3DXCT is its ability to detect both the interior and the exterior structure of a specimen in one single scan. Having been used in medical diagnostics for a long time, 3DXCT is increasingly employed in industry as a method for nondestructive testing and quality control. One especially challenging industrial application is metrology, which has to fulfill the demands of today's standards in industrial quality control.3DXCT facilitates dimensional measurements of internal structures and of inaccessible parts of a component. However the successful industrial application of 3DXCT is constrained by a set of major problems:Artifacts: Industrial 3DXCT systems face problems due to various types of artifacts. The appearance of artifacts in the 3DXCT scan data distorts its correlation to the actual evaluated industrial object and can lead to errors in measurements and false analysis results. Some types of artifacts are affected by the placement of a specimen in the scanning device.Multi-material components: Another problem is occurring when multi-material components (MMCs) are inspected using industrial 3DXCT.Common industrial MMCs may contain metal parts surrounded by plastic materials. A major problem of this type of components is the presence of metal-caused streaking artifacts and distortions. They are located around metal components and significantly influence the material characterization. Furthermore these streaking artefacts and distortions may even prevent any further analysis (especially for the plastic components).Measurements uncertainty: If metrology using 3DXCT is performed, the location of the specimen surface is estimated using the reconstructed 3D volume data. As opposed to mechanical or optical measurement techniques, the surface is not explicit and has a particular positional uncertainty depending on the artifacts and noise in the scan data and the surface extraction algorithm. Conventional CT metrology software does not account for the uncertainty of the data.This thesis is devoted to the development of techniques overcoming the aforementioned problems of common industrial tasks involving the usage of 3DXCT for nondestructive testing and quality control with a main focus on industrial 3DXCT metrology. Several novel contributions utilizing visualization techniques and visual analysis methods were implemented in integrated tools assisting typical industrial 3DXCT tasks during different stages of the data pipeline. This includes: a novel method for optimal specimen placement analysis taking into account the orientational stability, a visual analysis tool for metal artifact reduction with preview-based parameter estimation, and finally an integrated system visualizing measurements uncertainty on different levels-of-detail. The produced results are presented and evaluated using various industrial components and test parts
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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