36 research outputs found
Effect of 8 Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training on Plasma Levels of Adiponectin and Leptin in Overweight Nurses
Get PDFBackground: High intensity interval training (HIIT) is a novel training method which has received most attention in recent years. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 8 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on plasma levels of adiponectin and leptin in overweight nurses.Materials and Methods: 27 nurses (mean age 25.81±60 years, height 158.01±67 cm and weight 69.41±25 kg) were voluntarily selected and randomly assigned to three groups (each group 9 subjects): 1. HIIT (type 1) including 8 seconds of sprint running and 12 seconds of active recovery 2. HIIT (type 2) including 40-m shuttle run with maximum speed 3. Control group. HIIT (type 1) was performed for eight weeks, three sessions per week, each session 6-9 min. With more than 90% HRmax. HIIT (type 2) was applied for eight weeks, three sessions per week with more than 90% HRmax. The control group did not participate in any training protocol.Results: The data were analyzed by the dependent t test and ANOVA. The results showed that the HIIT (type 1) and (type 2) had significant effects on plasma leptin decrease and plasma adiponectin concentration increase in nurses. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the intergroup data at p˂0.05.Conclusion: The results showed a significant difference in the variables (leptin and adiponectin) among HIIT (type 1), HIIT (type 2) and control.</p
The Effect of Gymnastics Training on Neuropsychological Functioning of Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of gymnastics training on some neuropsychological functioning in male children with developmental coordination disorder aged between 8 and 10 in Tehran city. 34 children with developmental coordination disorder who aged between 8 and 10 and had referred to the clinics of occupational therapy and rehabilitation in Tehran in 2013 were selected using convenience and purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental (n=19) and control (n=15) groups. For screening, Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire and Raven's progressive matrices test were used. The dependent variables were assessed by Neuropsychological Conner Questionnaire. The experimental group received an 8-week (3 sessions per week, each session 45 min.) locomotor intervention of gymnastics protocol. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate covariance analysis at P≥0.05 with SPSS16 software. The findings showed significant differences between control and experimental groups in all variables of executive functions (P≤0.001, F= 492.454a) and sensory – motor function (P≤0.001, F=285.693a). Accordingly, it can be concluded that gymnastics training can improve neuropsychological functioning in children with developmental coordination disorder
EMPATHY IN PATIENT CARE: ANTECEDENTS, DEVELOPMENT, MEASUREMENT, AND OUTCOMES
No full textForeword / Howard Spiro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- A personal odyssey -- Pt. I. Empathy in human relationships -- Descriptions and conceptualization -- 2. Human connection in health and illness -- 3. An evolutionary perspective, psycho-socio-physiology, neuroanatomy, and heritability -- 4. Psychodynamics and development -- 5. Measurement of empathy in the general population -- Pt. II. Empathy in patient care -- 6. A definition and key features of empathy in patient care -- 7. The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy -- 8. The interpersonal dynamics in clinician-patient -- 9. Empathy as related to sex, personal qualities, clinical competence, and career choice -- 10. Patient outcomes -- 11. Enhancement of empathy -- 12. Parting thoughts: a paradigm of empathy and future directions -- Appendices -- Appendix A. Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) (HP-version) -- Appendix B. Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) (S-version) -- Appendix C. Jefferson Scale of Patient's Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE) -- References -- Author index -- Subject index -- About the autho
The World Declaration of the Rights of the Child: Anticipated Challenges
No full text The United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of the Child which was unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly is described as a memorable chapter in the history of human civilization. This landmark document has neither been ratified by the United States nor publicized by child health professionals and media. A few of the Convention's guidelines related to early parent-child relations are briefly cited and the role of parents, particularly that of mothers, in protecting their children's rights is discussed. The author anticipates implementation of the guidelines might generate conflict of interest among groups with nontraditional views on family and child care and challenges to the implementations of the guidelines could therefore be expected. Among the reasons for such anticipated challenges are the ongoing controversial and emotional arguments in the literature on child development concerning maternal paid employment and alternative child care, changing views and emphasis on a new definition of marriage, family and motherhood by feminist groups, and inadequate educational indoctrination on child-care issues among some family physicians and pediatricians. The guidelines should not be buried under personal agendas, organizational biases, wishful thinking, ignorance, and political considerations Finally, the obligation of professionals in health and human services as well as State authorities to support positive ideology on children's rights is discussed. </jats:p
Selenium, Vitamin C and N-Acetylcysteine do not Reduce the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury after Off-Pump CABG: a Randomized Clinical Trial
No full textAbstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of perioperative administration of N-acetylcysteine, selenium and vitamin C on the incidence and outcomes of acute kidney injury after off-pump coronary bypass graft surgery. Methods: 291 patients requiring elective off-pump coronary bypass graft surgery were randomized to receive either N-acetylcysteine, vitamin C and selenium 600 mg, 1500 mg, 0.5 mg, and nothing orally twice a day, respectively, from the day before to 2 days after surgery. They were assessed for the development of acute kidney injury using Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria, time of onset, its severity and duration, duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, and in-hospital mortality. Results: 272 patients completed the study. The total incidence of acute kidney injury was 22.1% (n=60) with 14 (20.9%), 15 (22.1%), 21 (31.8%), and 10 (14.1%) patients in the vitamin C, NAC, selenium, and control groups, respectively (P=0.096). We did not register significant differences in the incidence, the time of occurrence, the severity and the duration of acute kidney injury, as well as the duration of mechanical ventilation, the intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, and the in-hospital mortality among the four groups. Conclusion: We found that perioperative administration of N-acetylcysteine, vitamin C and selenium were not effective in preventing acute kidney injury and associated morbidity and mortality after off-pump coronary bypass graft surgery
Academic Motivation and Relevant Predictive Factors in Pharmaceutical Students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran in 2016
No full textBackground & Objective: The research aimed to determine the level of academic motivation and some of the relevant factors in pharmaceutical students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran in 2016.
Materials and Methods: This was an applied research in terms of objectives with a descriptive-correlational design. Study population included all pharmaceutical students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (N=290) in the academic year of 2016-2017. In total, 168 subjects were selected using the Cochran formula and stratified random method. Data collection tools included three questionnaires of academic motivation, as well as occupational and individual factors, face and content validity of which was previously confirmed by experts. In addition, reliability of the research tools of academic motivation and occupational and institutional factors was estimated at the Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88, 0.71, and 0.76, respectively.
Results: Analysis of the data through descriptive and inferential statistics demonstrated that the mean academic motivation of students was at an acceptable level and higher than the hypothetical mean. Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between academic motivation and variables of economic status of family, GPA (university grade), and occupational factors (P<0.05). Results of the regression table also demonstrated that occupational factors and university GPA determined the significance of academic motivation.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, university GPA had an impact on the academic motivation of students and was able to predict this concept to a certain extent
