1,721,004 research outputs found
Burden of mental health and substance use disorders among italian young people aged 10-24 years: results from the global burden of disease 2019 study
No full textPurpose
The burden of mental health and substance use disorders among Italian young people have not yet been presented in detail, despite adolescents and young adults aged between 10 and 24 years constitute 14.5% of the Italian population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide data on the health burden of mental health and substance use disorders among young people (10–24 years) in Italy between 1990 and 2019.
Methods
Ecological study design using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Age- and sex-specific prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of mental health and substance use disorders with the uncertainty intervals were reported as well as their percentual changes between 1990 and 2019.
Results
Prevalence and YLDs rates of mental health and substance use disorders showed negative trends overall between 1990 and 2019. However, diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity, autism spectrum, conduct and eating (among males) disorders increased as well as cocaine use disorder. The highest levels of disability in terms of YLDs were due to anxiety, depressive, conduct and eating disorders and alcohol use, amphetamine use and opioid use disorders. The disease burden was higher in middle-late adolescence and young adulthood than early adolescence, among females than males for mental health disorders and among males compared to females for substance use disorders.
Conclusion
Findings of the study highlighted disorder-specific patterns of prevalence and YLDs rates and were discussed considering previous research. The public health system should continuously sustain mental health promotion and prevention efforts in young people
Commentary on Karhulahti et al. (2022): exploring gaming disorder from the harmful dysfunction analysis perspective
No full textSymptoms of prolonged social withdrawal, problematic internet use, and psychotic-like experiences in emerging adulthood : a moderation model
Full text link© 2023 Giovanni Fioriti Editore s.r.l.
This is an open access article. Distribution and reproduction are permitted in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.Objective: Prolonged social withdrawal (PSW) or hikikomori and problematic internet use (PIU) have attracted the attention of mental health experts worldwide. The scientific literature suggests a complex relationship between these conditions and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) or disorders. In the present cross-sectional study, we tested the role of PIU symptoms as a moderator of the relationship between symptoms of PSW and PLEs in a sample of 238 Italian emerging adults.
Method: Data was collected using the 25-item Hikikomori Questionnaire, the Internet Disorder Scale, the Brief Prodromal Questionnaire, and the Brief Symptom Inventory. In addition, lifetime psychological disorders and drug and alcohol use during the last month were explored. No participant reported a lifetime episode of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder.
Results: Symptoms of PSW and PIU were significantly associated with PLEs total distress and PLEs total number of symptoms endorsed, after adjustment for age and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Further, PIU symptoms moderated the relationship between symptoms of PSW and PLEs total distress (b= 2.745, s.e.= 1.089, p= 0.012). However, PIU symptoms did not moderate the relationship between PSW and PLEs total symptoms (b= 0.615, s.e.= 0.349, p= 0.078). This study is limited because the participants were most likely university students and because of the cross-sectional design.
Conclusions: Findings from this study partially support the role of high symptoms of PIU as a risk factor in the relationship between symptoms of PSW and PLEs. Future longitudinal research is needed to confirm our findings examining the temporal relationship between PSW, PIU, and PLEs using both dimensional and categorical approaches
The impact of problematic mobile phone use on sleep quality in preadolescence: the mediating role of somatic symptoms
No full textIn preadolescence and adolescence communication and connectedness with peers is an essential part of adolescents' social life. Mobile Phone (MP) may be considered a way to maintain both communication and connectedness. However, recent studies noted that problematic MP use may negatively affect nocturnal sleep with a variety of negative health, developmental and performance outcomes. The present study aims to explore the association between problematic MP use and sleep quality in preadolescence investigating the mediating role of somatic symptoms. 221 preadolescents (105 males, 47.5%) aged 10 to 14 years (mean age = 13.07; SD = 1.14) were recruited from three Italian secondary public schools located in Rome. Participants completed measures assessing somatic symptoms (Children's Somatization Inventory, CSI-24), problematic MP use (Brief Multiculltural Version Test of Mobile Phone Dependence, TMD brief) and sleep quality (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance Short Form). Descriptive statistics on CSI-24 showed that females reported significantly higher scores about
somatic symptoms (F(1, 220) = 11.32, p < .001) and poor sleep quality (F(1, 220) = 5.11, p < .05) than males.
A significant correlation between problematic MP use and somatic symptoms was found (r = .273, p < .001) demonstrating that MP problematic users are more likely to experience a low psychophysical wellbeing. Furthermore data indicated a significant association between sleep quality and somatic symptoms (r = .361, p < .001). Finally, findings highlighted the mediating role of somatic symptoms in the association between problematic MP use and sleep quality (estimated
indirect effect = .04, SE = .01 [95% CI 0.02 to 0.08]). Results of this study support our hypotheses,predicting that higher levels of problematic MP use may predispose preadolescents with somatic symptoms to have poorer sleep quality, with an impact on functioning. Further research with larger
sample sizes is needed to confirm our data
Does depressive symptomatology moderate the relationship between problematic internet use and psychoticism domain in adolescence?
No full textCommentary on "One month version of Hikikomori Questionnaire-25 (HQ-25M): Development and initial validation"
Full text linkPreprint at https://osf.io/je9pf
Understanding the characteristics of prolonged social withdrawal (hikikomori)
Full text linkMental and public health professionals have paid increasing attention to the hikikomori phenomenon.
With this letter, we aim to extend scientific knowledge on the characteristics of hikikomori and pre-hikikomori as reported by Italian participants using previously unpublished data.
Presented findings suggest that stressful events and difficulties in interpersonal relationships and in adjusting to the increasing life-phase-related social demands may exert a prominent role in leading to hikikomori
The relationship between difficulties in emotion regulation and dysfunctional technology use among adolescents
Full text linkObjectives
Since two decades scientific research is studying excessive and dysfunctional new technologies use and its influences on people’s lives, in terms of personal, relational, scholastic and work functioning impairment. The objectives of the present study are to investigate gender differences in problematic new technologies use as well as to examine the relationship between problematic new technologies use, emotional regulation and its specific dimensions.
Methods
280 italian adolescents (51.1% males) aged 11 to 18 years (mean age = 13.31; SD = 2.33) were recruited from two italian secondary public schools and involved in this study. Data were collected using the Internet Addiction Test, the Video Game Dependency Scale, the Brief Multicultural Version of the Test of Mobile-Phone Dependence and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale.
Results
Results indicate significant association between emotion dysregulation and problematic internet (r = .504; p < .001), videogame (r = .372; p < .001), mobile-phone (r = .424; p < .001) use. These results support hypothesis that adolescents with greater emotion dysregulation are more likely to experience problematic new technologies use. Additionally, stepwise multiple regression analysis pointed out that the lack of effective emotion regulation strategies is a common risk factors between the problematic new technologies use, but regression analysis highlighted specific risk factors for some of the investigated dependent behaviors.
Conclusions
Findings of this study highlight a link between problematic new technologies use, emotion dysregulation and its specific dimensions. The results are discussed considering scientific advances and the role of emotional dysregulation in determining problematic new technologies use in adolescence. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm our data
Did the introduction and increased prescribing of antidepressants lead to changes in long-term trends of suicide rates?
Full text linkEcological studies have explored associations between suicide rates and antidepressant prescriptions in the population, but most of them are limited as they analyzed short-term correlations that may be spurious. The aim of this long-term study was to examine whether trends in suicide rates changed in three European countries when the first antidepressants were introduced in 1960 and when prescription rates increased steeply after 1990 with the introduction of the serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
What is the role of somatic symptoms in the relationship between depression and problematic videogame use?
No full textIn the last decade there has been a growing concern about dysfunctional use of technologies including Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) a condition that requires further research before its consideration as a formal disorder in the DSM-5. Adolescents are more likely to exhibit risk-taking behaviors and difficulties in emotion regulation. The association between IGD and mental health has been explored across a range of studies. However, few studies have been conducted to examine the relation between IGD and somatic symptoms in adolescence. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of somatic symptoms in the relationship between depressive symptomatology and problematic videogame use in a non clinical adolescent population. 333 adolescents (42.6% males; mean age=13.21 ± 1.57 years) were recruited from three secondary public schools in the central area of Italy. Children Depression Inventory 2 (CDI-2), Children’s Somatization Inventory 24 (CSI-24) and Videogame Dependency Scale (CSAS) were used for assessing the study variables. To test our hypothesis mediation analysis was carried out by SPSS macro PROCESS (model 4). Findings indicated a significant correlation between CDI-2 and CSAS total scores (r=0.164, p<.01) as well as between CDI-2 and CSI-24 (r=0.286, p<.001). Additionally, a significant association between CSI-24 and CSAS was observed (r=0.136, p<.05). Mediation analysis highlighted that somatic symptoms significantly mediated the effect of depression on problematic videogame use (estimate of the total indirect effect = 0.070, Bootstrap SE= 0.027, 5000 bootstrap samples [95%C.I.= 0.03 to 0.13]). Findings supports our hypothesis that adolescents with somatic and depressive symptoms are more likely to be problematic videogame users. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings for promoting preventive health interventions, especially in school setting
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