1,721,025 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Modeling the Neural Correlates of Psychopathology in Pediatric Transdiagnostic Populations
Get PDFThe presence of mental health symptoms in childhood increases the risk of developing a mental health diagnosis later in life. Children diagnosed with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) are at a higher risk of presenting with elevated mental health symptoms and co-occurring mental health diagnoses. NDDs are a group of heterogeneous conditions which show overlapping clinical and biological features as well as genetic and environmental risks. These conditions are likely to co-occur with one another as well as other psychiatric diagnoses. Neuroimaging methods have allowed the investigation of in vivo brain-behaviour relationships which can provide insight into the neural correlates of mental health symptoms to elucidate risk or resilience factors of psychiatric diagnoses or symptom progression. However, there remain several challenges in reproducing and replicating brain-behaviour relationships found in the literature. This thesis aimed to address these challenges by systematically exploring the influence of methodological decisions on brain-behaviour relationships across publicly available pediatric datasets. In study one, univariate brain-behaviour relationships between cortico-amygdalar connectivity and externalizing or internalizing behaviours is examined in a transdiagnostic sample of children with NDDs and typically developing children. In study two, different quality control approaches for excluding poor structural brain scans are compared in three large pediatric datasets. In study three, two different multivariate statistical approaches are systematically compared to determine which approach results in more generalizable brain-behaviour relationships. This PhD highlights the impact of methodological decisions on the neuroimaging analysis pipeline. Future work can improve cumulative progress towards understanding brain-behaviour relationships which may improve clinical translation efforts such as identifying biomarkers of risk or resilience that may predict a mental health diagnosis later in life.Ph.D
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
White Matter Microstructure in Male and Female Children with Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries and Association with Processing Speed
Get PDFAs maturation of the brain microstructure and cognitive processes continue throughout development, there is risk of interference from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This thesis used T1-weighted and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate differences in white matter and cortical microstructure between children with a history of mTBI and children with no history of mTBI, and to investigate whether differences in brain microstructure are associated with performance on cognitive tests. Group comparisons between children with and without a history of mTBI revealed significant differences in deep and superficial white matter microstructure in females with mTBI. In addition, in females with mTBI, superficial white matter microstructure was associated with lower scores on the processing speed test. These findings suggest that mTBI in childhood may alter white matter development in females. This sex dependent effect on the brain may be associated with enhanced vulnerability to persistent symptoms after mTBI in females.M.Sc.2022-11-29 00:00:0
Mental Health and Brain Structure and Function in Individuals with a History of Paediatric Concussion: Insights from Large-Scale Datasets
Get PDFConcussions are a growing concern among adolescents and youth, with many experiencing long-lasting emotional and behavioural problems. While symptoms after concussion resolve within four weeks for most, many individuals report persistent symptoms, with a higher prevalence among females. These problems can have a significant impact on their daily lives. Growing evidence indicates concussions are associated with mental health problems, however, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. Given that adolescence and youth are sensitive periods for white matter maturation, behavioral development, and the onset of mental health conditions, further research on emotional and behavioural problems after concussion is warranted in this population. This thesis focuses on two broadband domains of emotional and behavioural problems: internalizing problems and externalizing problems.To investigate whether long-lasting emotional and behavioural problems after concussion are pre-existing or a result of injury to the brain, Study 1 used longitudinal pre- and post-concussion data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study, a publicly available dataset of children aged 9 to 10 years at baseline and 11 to 12 years old at the two-year follow-up. The results showed female children with concussion had increased internalizing emotional problems post-concussion, which were associated with less maturation of superficial white matter fibers.
Since Study 1 was done in a community sample, which may underrepresent clinical outcomes, Study 2 examined youth seeking mental health care from the Toronto Adolescent and Youth Cohort Study, a longitudinal mental health study of 1500 youth aged 11 to 24 years. This study compared youth with and without a history of concussion on emotional and behavioural problems, white matter microstructure, and cerebral blood flow. The results showed youth with a history of concussion had higher internalizing and externalizing behaviour scores, which may be associated with altered microstructure of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus.
Together, the studies presented in this thesis provide evidence for long-lasting emotional and behavioural problems after concussion, in both a community sample and in youth seeking mental health care. Both studies identify white matter microstructure as a potential neurobiological mechanism underlying this relationship.Ph.D
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