1,722,128 research outputs found
Introduction to human information behavior
No full textNew Directions in Human Information Behavior, co-edited by Drs. Amanda Spink and Charles Cole provides an understanding of the new directions, leading edge theories and models in human information behavior. Information behavior is conceptualized as complex human information related processes that are embedded within an individual’s everyday social and life processes.\ud
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The book presents chapters by an interdisciplinary range of scholars who show new directions that often challenge the established views and paradigms of information behavior studies. Beginning with an evolutionary framework, the book examines information behaviors over various epochs of human existence from the Palaeolithic Era and within pre-literate societies, to contemporary behaviors by 21st century humans. Drawing upon social and psychological science theories the book presents a more integrated and holistic approach to the understanding of information behaviors that include multitasking and non-linear longitudinal processes, individuals’ information ground, information practices and information sharing, digital behaviors and human information organizing behaviors. The final chapter of the book integrates these new approaches and presents an overview of the key trends, theories and models for further research.\ud
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This book is directly relevant to information scientists, librarians, social and evolutionary psychologists. Undergraduate and graduate students, academics and information professionals interested in human information behavior will find this book of particular benefit
Integrated framework and further research
No full textNew Directions in Cognitive Information Retrieval presents an exciting new direction for research into cognitive oriented information retrieval (IR) research, a direction based on an analysis of the user’s problem situation and cognitive behavior when using the IR system. This contrasts with the current dominant IR research paradigm which concentrates on improving IR system matching performance.\ud
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The chapters describe the leading edge concepts and models of cognitive IR that explore the nexus between human cognition, information and the social conditions that drive humans to seek information using IR systems. Chapter topics include: Polyrepresentation, cognitive overlap and the boomerang effect, Multitasking while conducting the search, Knowledge Diagram Visualizations of the topic space to facilitate user assimilation of information, Task, relevance, selection state, knowledge need and knowledge behavior, search training built into the search, children’s collaboration for school projects, and other cognitive perspectives on IR concepts and issues. \ud
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This book is directly relevant to information scientists, librarians, social scientists and computer scientists interested in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) usability issues. Undergraduate and graduate students, academics. \ud
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Information scientists, computer scientists, librarians, library and information science (LIS) professors, LIS student
Multimedia Web Searching on a Meta-Search Engine
No full textThis paper provides preliminary results from a major study of multimedia Web searching by Dogpile meta-search engine users, including queries and session characteristics, and changes or differences in image, video and audio searching. The results are compared with multimedia Web searching studies from 1997 to 2002. Image and sexual queries are dominant in multimedia Web searching. The paper provides important implications for the design of multimedia information retrieval systems
An exploratory study of self-care and wellness in early career female psychologists:
No full textProfessional distress and impairment have been identified as significant problems in the field of psychology. Recent research studies have shifted from assessing the prevalence rates of distress and impairment in psychologists to investigating self-care as a preventive measure. The present study explores the ways in which early career female psychologists practice self-care and maintain wellness. Ten female psychologists who received their doctorates in psychology within the last seven years took part in in-depth, semi-structured interviews that examine the role of self-care in their personal and professional lives. For the purposes of this study, self-care was defined according to Faunce's (1990) conceptualization of self-care for feminist therapists. Interviews were transcribed from audiotapes and brief narrative cases were highlighted in order to present a representative picture of the unique professional choices of each participant. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed a number of themes characterized as follows: 1) challenges associated with the early career phase, 2) emotional self-care, 3) physical self-care, 4) self-care through "play," 5) cognitive self-care, 6) spiritual self-care, and 7) recommendations to other early career psychologists. Major points of discussion include 1) connections to others, 2) boundaries between professional and personal lives, 3) coping with guilt, 4) female mentoring, and 5) pursuing activities outside of psychology. All of these factors relate to the well-being of female psychologists in the beginning stages of the profession. Limitations of the study, implications for the field of psychology, and implications for future research are also addressed. The results of the study can be used to inform training programs and professional organizations seeking to promote self-care and wellness in early career female psychologists.Psy. DIncludes bibliographic references (p. 101-104).by Amanda H. Marti
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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