1,720,967 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Analysis of cervicovaginal fluid metabolome and microbiome in relation to preterm birth.
Full text linkThe biochemical activities and resultant metabolic by-products of the vaginal microbial community during gestation can provide useful insight into the pathophysiology of preterm birth (PTB), as well as help in identifying women at risk. These metabolic changes leave specific signature fingerprints that can be investigated by Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Therefore, we hypothesised that women who ultimately deliver prematurely will have significantly different vaginal microbiota metabolite signatures compared to their term counterparts even in the absence of clinical infection.
In order to characterise and validate the cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) metabolite profiles and determine their predictive capacities for PTB, high-vaginal swabs were obtained from asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women sub-classified depending on a previous history of PTB and/or short cervix (< 25 mm) into: asymptomatic low risk (ALR) women with no prior PTB nor short cervix, 20-22 gestational weeks (w), n = 183; and asymptomatic high risk (AHR) women with prior history of PTB and/or short cervix, 20-22 w, n = 186. A subset of these women were assessed again at 26-28 w (due to their high-risk status), n = 129. The fourth cohort comprised women presenting with symptoms of threatened preterm labour (PTL) 24-36 w, n = 89 (SYM).
CVF dissolved in phosphate buffered saline was analysed with a 9.4T MR spectrometer. Metabolites were identified, integrated for peak area and normalised to the total spectrum integral (excluding water signal). Acetate concentrations (AceConc) were also determined from a randomly selected subset of SYM women (n = 57), by a spectrophotometric technique. Additionally, clinical parameters such as cervical length (CL), fetal fibronectin (FFN), and vaginal pH were recorded and correlated to the metabolites. Furthermore, the 16S rDNA of vaginal bacterial species were PCR-amplified and the vaginal cytology was also determined by Gram, Hematoxylin and eosin, and Papanicolaou staining methods.
We observed that acetate normalised integral (N.I.) (P = 0.002), and acetate/lactate ratio (P = 0.002) were higher in the SYM women who delivered preterm. These were also predictive of PTB < 37 w (AUROC: acetate N.I. = 0.75; acetate/lactate ratio = 0.76), < 32 w (AUROC: acetate N.I. = 0.73; acetate/lactate ratio = 0.79), and within 2 weeks of the index assessment (AUROC: acetate N.I. = 0.77; acetate/lactate ratio = 0.78), whilst glutamine/glutamate N.I.s was predictive of PTB < 32 w (AUROC = 0.71), and within 2 weeks of the index assessment (AUROC = 0.68) only.
Also, in the AHR20-22w and ALR women, acetate (AUROC = 0.61) and branched chain amino acids N.I.s (AUROC = 0.75) were predictive of PTB < 37 w respectively. Normalised integrals of succinate, formate, lactate, and glucose did not differ in relation to PTB in any of the groups.
Like the acetate N.I.s, AceConc in the SYM women was higher (P = 0.006) in the preterm-delivered women and was predictive of PTB 0.53 g/l. AceConc also correlated with acetate N.I. (r = 0.69; P < 0.0001).
PCR revealed a higher prevalence of potentially pathogenic anaerobic bacteria species in the preterm-delivered women across the groups except the ALR women.
Apart from correlating with clinical parameters, the prediction of PTB was improved especially in the SYM women when metabolite N.I.s, CL and FFN were combined.
In conclusion, elevated CVF acetate showed clinically useful discriminative propensity for preterm delivery and delivery within 2 weeks of presentation in symptomatic women. A ratio of acetate to lactate showed similar discriminatory capacity in symptomatic women, whilst branched chain amino acids appeared predictive of preterm delivery in asymptomatic women at low risk of PTB. These metabolite differences were supported with the association of higher prevalence of mixed anaerobes in the vaginal melieu and preterm birth
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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