1,720,988 research outputs found
Is The Time Coming for Plant-Made Vaccines?
Full text linkAn editorial about the state-of-the-art of R&D for vaccines produced in plant platforms and the future expectations.Fil: Alvarez, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología "Dr. César Milstein". Fundación Pablo Cassará. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología ; Argentin
State of the Art on Plant-Made Single-Domain Antibodies
Full text linkIn addition to conventional antibodies (with heavy and light chains), camelids also produce functional antibodies devoid of light chains (HCAbs) without the first constant domain (CH1). Their variable domains (VHH) have binding properties, high stability and solubility, and are considered the smallest available intact antigen–binding fragment derived from a functional immunoglobulin. For their practical utilities VHHs have been expressed in different platforms. This review aims to provide an update in the field of plant-made VHHs, their applications and limitations, and a discussion about the challenges for the near future in this field.Fil: Marconi, Patricia Laura. Universidad Maimónides; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Maria Alejandra. Universidad Maimónides; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
On rigid 3-dimensional Hom-Lie algebras
No full textIn this work we obtain all rigid complex 3-dimensional multiplicative Hom-Lie algebras. This is done by studying all deformations of multiplicative Hom-Lie algebras which are also Lie algebras. As a byproduct, we obtain the well-known classification of 3-dimensional multiplicative (non-Lie) Hom-Lie algebras.Fil: Alvarez, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Matemática. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Matemática; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Sonia Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Matemática. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Matemática; Argentin
The expression of the 14D9 catalytic antibody in suspended cells of Nicotiana tabacum cultures increased by the addition of protein stabilizers and by transference from erlenmeyer flasks to a 2-L bioreactor
Full text linkThe effect of two protein stabilizers (polyvinylpyrrolidone [PVP] and gelatine) on growth and 14D9 yield of Nicotiana tabacum cell suspension cultures (Ab-KDEL and sec-Ab) was analyzed. The addition of PVP at a concentration of 1.0 g L−1 produced the highest total 14D9 yield (biomass + culture medium) in the Ab-KDEL line (4.82% total soluble protein [TSP]). With the addition of gelatine, the highest total 14D9 yield (2.48% TSP) was attained in the Ab-KDEL line at 5.0 g L−1 gelatine. When the Ab-KDEL suspended cells were cultured in a 2-L bioreactor, the highest 14D9 yield was 8.1% TSP at a 5% w/v inoculum size, which was the best 14D9 yield so far obtained in the platforms tested (E. coli, N. tabacum leaves and seeds, N. tabacum hairy roots, and cell suspension cultures).Fil: Marconi, Patricia Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Maimónides. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carreras de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Cátedra de Farmacobotánica y Farmacognoscia; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Maimónides. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carreras de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Cátedra de Farmacobotánica y Farmacognoscia; Argentin
Production of plant made vaccines: State of the art
No full textLas células vegetales poseen la maquinaria adecuada para la producción de proteínas complejas como las animales. Esto las hace capaces de producir inmunógenos que se pueden usar para formular vacunas. Los sistemas vegetales que expresan estas proteínas recombinantes se pueden desarrollar a campo o en sistemas confinados (invernáculo, cultivos in vitro, hidroponia). En el primer caso se aprovecha la infraestructura preexistente lo que se traduce en una reducción en los costos de producción, en el segundo caso es posible la bio-contención del transgén. En el caso particular de los cultivos in vitro además es posible trabajar en condiciones de buenas prácticas de laboratorio y manufactura tal como lo exige la industria farmacéutica. Se ha logrado desarrollar numerosas vacunas para enfermedades humanas (por ej. contra dengue, malaria, influenza, hepatitis B) y veterinarias (por ej. contra ántrax, diarrea viral bovina, aftosa, parvovirus). Dentro de estas se debe mencionar a las llamadas vacunas comestibles, aquéllas en donde el inmunógeno se expresa en una parte del cuerpo vegetal (fruto, rizoma, hoja, semilla) que luego es consumida con o sin previo procesamiento y que tienen la ventaja de los bajos costos asociados a la ausencia de requisitos relacionados con su transporte, almacenamiento y administración. Recientemente se ha aprobado la primera vacuna elaborada en la plataforma vegetal para ser utilizada en la emergencia causada por la epidemia por SARS COVID-19, desarrollada por la compañía Medicago inc. (Canadá) y aprobada en el año 2022 por los organismos regulatorios del país de origen. Los recientes desarrollos exitosos actúan como motor para avanzar en la consolidación de estas plataformas y así contribuir con la disminución de la morbilidad y mortandad causada por enfermedades infecciosas y enfermedades huérfanas que reciben poca financiación para investigación y desarrollo.Plant cells have the appropriate machinery for the production of complex proteins like animal cells which makes them capable of producing immunogens that can be used to vaccine formulation. Plant systems that express these recombinant proteins can be grown in the field or in confined systems (greenhouse, in vitro cultures, and hydroponics). In the first case, the use of the pre-existing infrastructure is translated into a reduction in costs; in the second case, the bio-containment of the transgene is possible. In the particular case of in vitro cultures, it is also possible to work under conditions of good laboratory and manufacturing practices as required by the pharmaceutical industry. Numerous vaccines have been developed against human (e.g.: against dengue, malaria, influenza, hepatitis B) and animal (e.g.: against anthrax, bovine viral diarrhea, foot-and-mouth disease, parvovirus) diseases. Among these, the so-called edible vaccines should be mentioned, those in which the immunogen is expressed in a part of the plant body (fruit, rhizome, leaf, seed) that is then consumed with or without prior processing. These edible vaccines have the advantage of their low costs associated with the absence of requirements related to its transportation, storage and administration. The first plant-made vaccine approved for human use was developed by the company Medicago Inc. (Canada) to be used in the emergency caused by the SARS COVID-19 epidemic, and was approved in 2022 by Canada’s regulatory organisms. The recent successful developments contribute to consolidate these platforms and thus contribute to the reduction of morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases and orphan diseases that receive little funding for research and developement.Fil: Alvarez, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Maimonides. Facultad de Cs. de la Salud. Carreras de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin
Plant platforms for producing recombinant proteins for the pharmaceutical industry
Full text linkLa biotecnología vegetal logró armonizar los nuevos desarrollos relacionados con los sistemas productivos vegetales con la necesidad de proteínas recombinantes de la industria farmacéutica. La plataforma vegetal resultó una alternativa válida de producción principalmente por poseer la maquinaria adecuada para la síntesis proteica, incluyendo glicoproteínas y proteínas multiméricas. Dentro de las ventajas de estos sistemas se encuentran: la bioseguridad, pues no hay posibilidad de contaminación con patógenos, priones, oncogenes o endotoxinas; la facilidad de escalado, en el caso de los cultivos a campo, pues se realiza con bajos incrementos en costos; el desarrollo del proceso productivo en condiciones ambientales controladas, en el caso de los cultivos in vitro, pudiendo trabajarse en condiciones de Buenas Prácticas de Laboratorio y Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura y en el caso de la expresión transitoria, la rápida producción de proteínas terapéuticas. Una de las limitaciones de las proteínas producidas en vegetales es la diferencia en cuanto a la glicosilación respecto a las de origen animal. Esto ha logrado solucionarse mediante la inactivación de glicosiltransferasas específicas de plantas o su complementación con glicosiltransferasas animales heterólogas. Otra de las limitaciones para la explotación comercial de la producción de proteínas en plantas son sus bajos rendimientos. No obstante, se han desarrollado estrategias a nivel genético, del mecanismo de expresión (estable o transitoria), de las condiciones y del sistema de cultivo para incrementarlos. Así es como mediante transformación estable o transitoria de diferentes especies se ha logrado producir una amplia gama de proteínas recombinantes en cultivos agronómicos o cultivos in vitro. Proteínas funcionales de origen animal tales como anticuerpos, antígenos vacunales, citoquinas, hormonas de crecimiento, enzimas, biopolímeros y otras proteínas industriales han sido expresadas en especies tan diversas como Nicotiana tabacum, N. benthamiana, Daucus carota, Lactuca sativa, Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum tuberosum, Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Glycine max, entre otras.Plant biotechnology succeeded in combining new developments related to plant production systems with the need for recombinant proteins in the pharmaceutical industry. The plant platform turned out to be a valid production alternative mainly because it had adequate machinery for protein synthesis, including glycoproteins and multimeric proteins. Among the advantages of these systems are: biosafety, since there is no possibility of contamination with pathogens, prions, oncogenes or endotoxins; the ease of scaling up, in the case of field crops, as it is done with low cost increases; the development of the production process under controlled environmental conditions, in the case of in vitro cultures, being able to work under conditions of Good Laboratory Practices and Good Manufacturing Practices and the transitory expression, in the case of production of therapeutic proteins, which is done very quickly. One of the limitations of proteins produced in vegetables is the difference in glycosylation with respect to those of animal origin. This has been solved by the inactivation of plant-specific glycosyltransferases and/or their complementation with heterologous animal glycosyltransferases. Another limitation of the commercial exploitation of protein production in plants is its low yields. However, strategies have been developed at the genetic level, the expression mechanism (stable or transient), the culture conditions, and the culture system to increase them. This is how, through a stable or transient transformation of different species, a wide range of recombinant proteins has been produced in agronomic or in vitro cultures. Functional proteins of animal origin such as antibodies, antigens, cytokines, growth hormones, enzymes, biopolymers, and other industrial proteins have been expressed in species as diverse as Nicotiana tabacum, N. benthamiana, Daucus carota, Lactuca sativa, Lycopresicon esculentum, Solanum tuberosum, Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Glycine max, among others.Fil: Alvarez, Maria Alejandra. Universidad Maimonides. Centro de Estudios Biomedicos, Basicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo. Departamento de Ciencias Bioquimicas y Farmacologicas.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Production of plant made vaccines: State of the art
No full textLas células vegetales poseen la maquinaria adecuada para la producción de proteínas complejas como las animales. Esto las hace capaces de producir inmunógenos que se pueden usar para formular vacunas. Los sistemas vegetales que expresan estas proteínas recombinantes se pueden desarrollar a campo o en sistemas confinados (invernáculo, cultivos in vitro, hidroponia). En el primer caso se aprovecha la infraestructura preexistente lo que se traduce en una reducción en los costos de producción, en el segundo caso es posible la bio-contención del transgén. En el caso particular de los cultivos in vitro además es posible trabajar en condiciones de buenas prácticas de laboratorio y manufactura tal como lo exige la industria farmacéutica. Se ha logrado desarrollar numerosas vacunas para enfermedades humanas (por ej. contra dengue, malaria, influenza, hepatitis B) y veterinarias (por ej. contra ántrax, diarrea viral bovina, aftosa, parvovirus). Dentro de estas se debe mencionar a las llamadas vacunas comestibles, aquéllas en donde el inmunógeno se expresa en una parte del cuerpo vegetal (fruto, rizoma, hoja, semilla) que luego es consumida con o sin previo procesamiento y que tienen la ventaja de los bajos costos asociados a la ausencia de requisitos relacionados con su transporte, almacenamiento y administración. Recientemente se ha aprobado la primera vacuna elaborada en la plataforma vegetal para ser utilizada en la emergencia causada por la epidemia por SARS COVID-19, desarrollada por la compañía Medicago inc. (Canadá) y aprobada en el año 2022 por los organismos regulatorios del país de origen. Los recientes desarrollos exitosos actúan como motor para avanzar en la consolidación de estas plataformas y así contribuir con la disminución de la morbilidad y mortandad causada por enfermedades infecciosas y enfermedades huérfanas que reciben poca financiación para investigación y desarrollo.Plant cells have the appropriate machinery for the production of complex proteins like animal cells which makes them capable of producing immunogens that can be used to vaccine formulation. Plant systems that express these recombinant proteins can be grown in the field or in confined systems (greenhouse, in vitro cultures, and hydroponics). In the first case, the use of the pre-existing infrastructure is translated into a reduction in costs; in the second case, the bio-containment of the transgene is possible. In the particular case of in vitro cultures, it is also possible to work under conditions of good laboratory and manufacturing practices as required by the pharmaceutical industry. Numerous vaccines have been developed against human (e.g.: against dengue, malaria, influenza, hepatitis B) and animal (e.g.: against anthrax, bovine viral diarrhea, foot-and-mouth disease, parvovirus) diseases. Among these, the so-called edible vaccines should be mentioned, those in which the immunogen is expressed in a part of the plant body (fruit, rhizome, leaf, seed) that is then consumed with or without prior processing. These edible vaccines have the advantage of their low costs associated with the absence of requirements related to its transportation, storage and administration. The first plant-made vaccine approved for human use was developed by the company Medicago Inc. (Canada) to be used in the emergency caused by the SARS COVID-19 epidemic, and was approved in 2022 by Canada’s regulatory organisms. The recent successful developments contribute to consolidate these platforms and thus contribute to the reduction of morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases and orphan diseases that receive little funding for research and developement.Fil: Alvarez, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Maimonides. Facultad de Cs. de la Salud. Carreras de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin
Application of a Mathematical Model for Production of Recombinant Antibody 14D9 by Nicotiana tabacum Cell Suspension Batch Culture
No full textOne of the bottlenecks in biopharming is the scalability and modeling of batch cultures at bench scale, largely because bioreactors and mathematical models were originally designed for microbe cultures. Thus, a mathematical model that acknowledges kinetic and growth processes, basic aspect of cell structure, and physiology and productivity is needed. We proposed to apply a new combination of structured and unstructured mathematical models for plant cell cultivation in a bioreactor.The mathematical model is based on the theory of energy-limited growth that allows precise evaluation of a cell population age structure into the bioreactor. We have scaledthe full antibody r14D9 expressed in N. tabacumcell suspension from a 225 mL-Erlenmeyer flask to 2L-bioreactor and applied the above mentioned mathematical model in order to estimate and predict the growth rate of cell cultures and the accumulation of the recombinant protein. Under the proposed model two inoculum sizes were used in order to obtain experimental data, specific growth rates and productivity, which allow the analysis of the predictions under different conditions.Fil: Marconi, Patricia Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología "Dr. Cesar Milstein"; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología "Dr. Cesar Milstein"; ArgentinaFil: Klykov. S. P.. PHARMAREGION; RusiaFil: Kurakov, V. V.. PHARMAREGION; Rusi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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