1,720,963 research outputs found
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Aetiologic Agents of Bacteraemia Associated with Dental Extractions.
No full textThe antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the aetiologic agents of bacteraemia following dental extractions was surveyed. Seventy-eight bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 61 (78.2%) were facultative anaerobes (including microaerophiles), and 17 (21.8%) were obligate anaerobes. Among the facultative anaerobes and microaerophiles, the most frequently isolated bacteria were species of Staphylococcus (24.4%), Streptococcus (20.5%), and á-haemolytic streptococci (12.8%); Bacteriodes spp. (10.3%) were the most frequently isolated anaerobes. The organisms were more sensitive to ciprofloxacin than to any other antibiotics as all but the S. aureus isolates (89.5%) were uniformly sensitive. The least effective was tetracycline. Only 7 (9.0%) of the 78 isolates were sensitive to this antibiotic.Keywords: Dental extraction, Bacteraemia, aetiologic agents
Rapid screening for co-infection of HIV and HCV in pregnant women in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Get PDFBackground: Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C virus
(HCV) are both major global health concerns as they cause high
mortality and morbidity in the developing countries. However, while
data exists for the co-infection in other countries, little or no
information can be found with regard to the sero-prevalence of HIV and
HCV co-infection in Nigeria, albeit in pregnant women attending
antenatal care clinics in Benin City, Nigeria. Objective: The
objective of the study was to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV and
HCV among pregnant women seeking antenatal care in Benin City.
Methods: In determining the sero-prevalence in a cross-sectional
study, 200 pregnant women, aged between 15 and 49 years were screened
for HIV and HCV using rapid screening test kits. Using closed ended
structured questionnaires; the respondents volunteered
socio-demographic information associated with risk factors of HIV and
HCV acquisition. Results: Results indicated sero-prevalence of HIV
and HCV in the sampled population was 3% and 5% respectively. Thirty
three percent of the pregnant women that were HCV positive were
co-infected with HIV-1 infection. HIV sero-prevalence was highest in
the age group, 25-29 representing 5.1%, while HCV sero-prevalence was
noted highest among the women in the age group 30-34 years,
representing 7.9%. Two percent of the pregnant women had equivocal
(ambivalent) HIV-1 results. Conclusion: The study has shown a
prevalence of HIV-HCV co-infection among the tested pregnant women in
Benin City and more epidemiological surveys are needed in larger scale
to decipher the prevalence in other states of Nigeria
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Incidence of bacteraemia following teeth extraction at the dental clinic of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin city, Nigeria
Get PDF170 patients attending the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, were screened bacteriologically, to determine the prevalence ofbacteraemia following dental extraction procedures. 5 ml of blood was collected from each patient before and after the extraction. Post-operative bacteraemia occurred in 55 (32.4%) of the 170 patients screened. 61 (78.2%) of the 78 isolates obtained in the survey were facultative anaerobes while 17 (21.8%) were obligate anaerobes. Amongst the facultative anaerobes, the most frequently isolated bacterial genus was Staphylococcus (19, 24.4%) followed by Streptococcus spp. (16, 20.5%) and - haemolytic Streptococcus spp. (10, 12.8%). Bacteriodes spp. (8, 10.3%) was the most frequentlyisolated anaerobe followed by Peptostreptococcus spp. (5, 6.4%) and clostridium spp. (4, 5.16%). The occurrence of bacteriaemia increased with duration of extraction and number of teeth extracted. It alsooccurred more frequently when teeth were extracted because of inflammatory dental disease
Rapid screening for co-infection of HIV and HCV in pregnant women in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Get PDFBackground: Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C virus
(HCV) are both major global health concerns as they cause high
mortality and morbidity in the developing countries. However, while
data exists for the co-infection in other countries, little or no
information can be found with regard to the sero-prevalence of HIV and
HCV co-infection in Nigeria, albeit in pregnant women attending
antenatal care clinics in Benin City, Nigeria. Objective: The
objective of the study was to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV and
HCV among pregnant women seeking antenatal care in Benin City.
Methods: In determining the sero-prevalence in a cross-sectional
study, 200 pregnant women, aged between 15 and 49 years were screened
for HIV and HCV using rapid screening test kits. Using closed ended
structured questionnaires; the respondents volunteered
socio-demographic information associated with risk factors of HIV and
HCV acquisition. Results: Results indicated sero-prevalence of HIV
and HCV in the sampled population was 3% and 5% respectively. Thirty
three percent of the pregnant women that were HCV positive were
co-infected with HIV-1 infection. HIV sero-prevalence was highest in
the age group, 25-29 representing 5.1%, while HCV sero-prevalence was
noted highest among the women in the age group 30-34 years,
representing 7.9%. Two percent of the pregnant women had equivocal
(ambivalent) HIV-1 results. Conclusion: The study has shown a
prevalence of HIV-HCV co-infection among the tested pregnant women in
Benin City and more epidemiological surveys are needed in larger scale
to decipher the prevalence in other states of Nigeria
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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