1,721,008 research outputs found
Temporal interpretation in narrative discourse and event internal reference
No full textThis dissertation argues that aspectual markers denote birelational functions from a set of events denoted by a verb-phrase (VP) to a set of VP-event-parts that are
located relative to: (i) an input encoding explicitly temporal information and (ii) an input encoding information about discourse connectivity. The proposed
analysis is implemented within Compositional Discourse Representation Theory and accounts for temporal interpretation in narrative discourse. The view that aspect describes VP-event-parts allows a straightforward comparison between the English progressive and the Russian imperfective. Both
lead to the imperfective paradox because when they combine with VPs describing non-atomic events, any one of the VP-event-parts satisfies their truth-conditions.
When the base-VP describes atomic events, however, the Russian imperfective leads to an entailment that the described event culminated because the only eventpart
that could satisfy its truth-conditions is the VP-event. In the case of the English progressive, however, coercion takes place because its truth-conditions require proper VP-event-parts. The view that aspect is birelational provides an explanation of why the Russian imperfective could lead to an entailment that the described event: (iii) took place within some salient time and (iv) did not follow a salient discourse
event. This aspect relates a VP-event-part and its consequent state relative to two inputs, which specify whether (iii) or (iv) holds. One of these inputs is a time that is supplied by the tense and whose value is constrained by temporal adverbials. The other is a state that is supplied by temporal adverbials and whose value may be fixed by the discourse context. An important consequence of the analysis is that the state input supplied by temporal adverbials determines—to a large extent—whether narrative progression is possible. For example, the state input supplied by that same day requires a salient antecedent and narrative progression follows from independent rules of anaphora resolution. Yesterday, however, introduces an unspecified state into the discourse context that is not linked to prior discourse. Finally, now introduces a state that is linked to the discourse context, but the constraints
imposed on this state are only compatible with stative VPs, which do not trigger narrative progression.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Daniel Gordon Altshule
An Exploration of Truncation in Italian
Full text linkItalian displays a rich variety of truncation patterns and therefore forms an ideal testing ground for constraint interaction determining truncation in general. This paper describes in detail the various truncation patterns of Italian: monosyllabic light syllable templates, bisyllabic templates and atemplatic patterns, both initially and stress anchored. Based on joint work with Sabine Arndt-Lappe, a set of anchoring and size restrictor constraints is proposed, which determines the typology of Italian truncation patterns and avoids generating systems which are not attested among the world's languages. Specifically, it is proposed that two Anchor constraints (Anchor-L and Anchor-R), defined as alignment constraints, are responsible for edge anchoring in truncation as well as for maximality effects. Anchor-stress, defined as a faithfulness constraint, is reponsible for stress anchoring. The size-restrictor constraint Coincide-s1 guarantees that monosyllabic templates emerge and, through its gradient evaluation, allows the generation of atemplatic truncation patterns. This set of constraints allows to preserve the architecture of Generalized Template Theory, where templates emerge as unmarked structures, but at the same time avoids unwanted predictions of other constraint sets proposed in the literature for truncation or reduplication.This paper has been published as: Alber, B. (2010), An Exploration of Truncation in Italian, in: Peter Staroverov, Daniel Altshuler, Aaron Braver, Carlos A. Fasola and Sarah Murray (eds.). Rutgers Working Papers in Linguistics vol. 3. Rutgers LinguisticsAlber, Birgit (2010), An Exploration of Truncation in Italian, in: Peter Staroverov, Daniel Altshuler, Aaron Braver, Carlos A. Fasola and Sarah Murray (eds.). Rutgers Working Papers in Linguistics vol. 3. Rutgers Linguistics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
