450 research outputs found
Ahora son todos creyentes: El evangelio entre los mocoví del Chaco Austral
No full textResumen temporalmente no disponible. La presente obra no cuenta con resumen provisto por el autor.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
Ahora son todos creyentes: El evangelio entre los mocoví del Chaco Austral
No full textResumen temporalmente no disponible. La presente obra no cuenta con resumen provisto por el autor.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
Data for: The non-democratic roots of mass education: Evidence from 200 years
No full textThis is an Annotation for Transparent Inquiry (ATI) data project. The annotated article can be viewed on the publisher's website.
Project Summary
This project assesses the impact of democratization on primary school enrollment rates using quantitative data from 1820 to 2010 to estimate difference-in-differences and interrupted time series models of the impact of democratization. It finds that, on average, there is little evidence to support the claim that democratization led to the expansion of primary schooling. The study then unpacks this average result to explain what lies behind the null effect. It finds that democracy can lead to the expansion of primary schooling, but the key condition under which it does—when a majority of the population lacked access to primary schooling before democratization—rarely holds. Indeed, the study documents that, among countries that experienced democratization, the average primary school enrollment rate was already 70% before transitioning to democracy. Although the project does not seek to provide a conclusive answer to why there was so much provision of primary education under non-democracies, the section titled “Primary School Systems Under Non-Democracies” explores several possible answers to help readers entertain the possibility that the provision of primary education may have been high under non-democracies—because this is a counterintuitive finding given the previous literature in political science and economics. With that modest goal in mind, this section surveys existing research in history, sociology, political science, and economics to parse out four common arguments for the provision of primary schooling under non-democratic regimes; provides exploratory quantitative tests for these arguments; and, using online annotations, provides qualitative evidence that illustrates these arguments.
Data Generation and Analysis
The gathering of qualitative evidence focused on either the founding period of primary education systems or the period of fastest expansion of primary schooling in six non-democratic regimes chosen to have variation across space and over time: Prussia (1750s and 1760s), France (1830s), Chile (1860s), Argentina (1880s), USSR (1930s), and China (1950s). For each case, the author gathered primary and secondary sources in English, Spanish, or French that provided evidence about the rationales used by non-democratic regimes to expand access to primary education. On average five sources per country were analyzed, including: speech transcripts by presidents, ministers of education, and congressmen from parliamentary debates; newspaper and magazines articles, letters, books, memoirs, and other documents written by politicians who participated in education debates; reports written by official government missions from foreign countries that traveled to learn about the selected education systems; official education laws and regulations; books and PhD dissertations specializing on the history of education of these cases. All sources analyzed were obtained from Stanford Libraries, UCSD Libraries, HathiTrust, the Biblioteca Nacional del Maestro in Argentina, or the Biblioteca Nacional de Chile. Language limitations implied a greater ability to consult primary sources from Argentina, Chile, and France than from Prussia, the USSR, and China, where reliance on secondary sources was greater.
For each source, the author extracted citations that provided evidence of the rationales espoused by non-democratic regimes to provide primary education. Each citation was classified using a common coding scheme based on the type of argument being made for the provision of primary education: molding political values and behaviors, industrialization, military strength, promoting the social mobility of the lower classes, responding to parental demand, staying in vogue with global ideas, or other reasons. A set of 45 citations (out of 150) were identified as “strong” evidence for three types of common arguments for primary education provision under non-democratic regimes: molding political values and behaviors, industrialization, and military strength. The other theorized arguments appeared less often and either lacked strong evidence in the sampled sources (staying in vogue with global ideas, promoting social mobility) or had strong evidence against them (responding to parental demand).
Logic of Annotation
Online annotations were used to illustrate those arguments for which strong qualitative evidence was found. The citations included in the annotations were chosen so as to provide as clear an illustration of a theoretical argument as possible within a relatively short amount of space (i.e., without requiring readers to read an entire book or parliamentary debate transcript). Analytic notes were used in almost all annotations to offer additional context about a source and its author, and to specify the interpretations made from a citation or set of citations.</p
Discernment of Spirits in Christian peripheries: pacts, harm and joy among evangelical Indians from Argentinian Chaco
No full textEl discernimiento de espíritus ha sido a lo largo de la historia del cristianismo un mecanismo fundamental para el control del acceso al carisma. Su desarrollo ha estado profundamente ligado a los cambios en la estructura social de las iglesias. Por ello buscamos aportar nuevas miradas sobre este dispositivo, analizándolo en el contexto de las periferias cristianas. Específicamente centraremos nuestro análisis en las iglesias evangélicas aborígenes mocoví del suroeste de la provincia del Chaco en Argentina. Nos aproximaremos a estas cuestiones a partir del análisis a la estructura social de estas iglesias; sus concepciones sobre los vínculos con las potencias no-humanas; la gestión de salud y enfermedad; y la experiencia del culto.The discernment of spirits has been throughout history a key mechanism to control the access to charisma. Its development has been closely linked to the changes in the social structure of churches. That is why, we will seek to provide new perspectives on this device, analyzing it in the context of Christian peripheries. Specifically, we will focus our analysis on mocoví aboriginal evangelical churches from the Southwest of Chaco province in Argentina. We will approach these topics by analyzing the social structure of these churches; their ideas about the relationship with non-human powers of the sacred; the management of health and disease and their cult’s experience.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales. Sede Académica Argentina Buenos Aires. Programa de Antropología Social y Política; Argentin
The Dissolution of Nam Cum in Perspective: Global Contexts of the Mennonite Mission in the Chaco, Argentina
No full textThe dissolution of the Mennonite Nam Cum mission in the province of Chaco has been approached by anthropological studies on religious change as a fundamental milestone in shaping the contemporary dynamics of the region. This literature has considered the episode in a strongly local setting. Using various archival sources such as personal diaries, letters, publications, administrative reports and ethnographic work, this essay reintegrates the episode into the global context of paradigm shift in Mennonite missions in the mid-twentieth century. One of the central factors in this analysis is the profound influence of the discipline of anthropology on the indigenization of Mennonite missions, which was inscribed in the context of the "anthropological turn" of Christian missions and the growing awareness of the relevance of contextualization and the understanding of local cultures for a true evangelical mission. This essay argues that this significant event not only permits an exploration of how this new model of incarnating the gospel in local culture was experienced by Mennonite missionaries, but also reveals its significance for the constitution of the anthropological studies of Chaco region.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de América Latina. - Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de América Latina; Argentin
The utopia of a missionary family: adventist bodies, mission and modernity among the Moqoit people of Chaco
No full textEn este trabajo nos proponemos abordar una serie de vínculos entre los adventistas y una familia extensa de aborígenes moqoit del suroeste de la provincia del Chaco durante la década de 1950. Exploraremos cómo los adventistas, impulsados por su ethos específico, buscaron no sólo propagar sus dogmas entre los moqoit, sino todo su “estilo de vida”, entendido como expresión ineludible de la propia santidad. Además, nos proponemos abordar sus prácticas y representaciones de las expresiones extraordinarias del poder sagrado. Finalmente buscaremos dar cuenta de cómo las diferencias con las ideas previas de los moqoit constituyeron un escollo insalvable que impidió que este incipiente emprendimiento misionero prosperara.In this paper we aim to address a series of relationships between Adventists and an extended family of Moqoit people from the southwest of the Province of Chaco during the 1950s. We will explore how Adventists, driven by their specific ethos, sought not only to propagate their dogmas among the Moqoit, but all their "lifestyle", understood as an inescapable expression of one's own sanctity. In addition, we propose to address their practices and representations of the extraordinary expressions of sacred power. Last but not least, we will analyze how the differences with the previous ideas of the moqoit constituted an insurmountable task that prevented this incipient missionary enterprise from prospering.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de América Latina. - Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de América Latina; Argentin
El Evangelio desde el cuerpo: Una aproximación a la experiencia del mundo de los moqoit del chaco austral
No full textEl presente trabajo se propone hacer una aproximación a la experiencia corporizada del mundo para los moqoit evangelios del Chaco Austral. Para ello, indagaremos en tres eventos que moldean el cosmos moqoit: los estados de salud / enfermedad, los sueños y los viajes desde y hacia el espacio celeste. Con el objetivo de llevar esto a cabo analizaremos testimonios de conversión al evangelio, sueños y relatos -recogidos durante nuestro trabajo de campo que comenzó en 2009- en donde encuentro con entidades poderosas ocupan un rol central. Nos aproximaremos a estas cuestiones a partir de la fenomenología cultural de Thomas Csordas y la antropología de las emociones.The aim of this article is to make an approach to the embodied experience of the world for the evangelio Moqoit people of the Southern Chaco. To do this, we will investigate three events that shape the moqoit cosmos: states of health / disease, dreams and trips to and from celestial space. In order to carry this out, we will analyze testimonies of conversion to the evangelio, dreams and experiences -collected during our fieldwork that started in 2009- where the encounter with powerful entities play a key role. We will approach these questions from the cultural phenomenology of Thomas Csordas and the anthropology of emotions.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de América Latina. - Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales de América Latina; Argentin
History and conversion: The evangelio among the mocoví of Southwest Chaco
No full textA fines de la década de 1970 el movimiento del Evangelio comenzó a ocupar una posición dominante entre las comunidades mocoví del Chaco y posteriormente, las de Santa Fe. Nuestro trabajo se propone reconstruir el proceso histórico de la conformación del campo evangelio entre los mocoví del suroeste de la provincia del Chaco. Para una mejor comprensión de los mecanismos que han intervenido incorporaremos a nuestro análisis las modalidades particulares que ha adoptado entre este grupo aborigen la conversión al evangelio. A partir del análisis de los modelos nativos podemos observar que los mocoví despliegan, en diversos ámbitos, una concepción contextual y estratégica de la pertenencia. Es esta misma lógica, que permite jugar con la ambigüedad simbólica, la que permea las ideas sobre "estar en el evangelio" o salir del mismo.In the late 70’s a movement known as Evangelio began to gain relevance among Mocoví communities, first in the province of Chaco and later among communities located in Santa Fe. Our research aims to reconstruct the historical conformation of the Evangelio field among the Mocoví of Southwest Chaco. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in this process, we analyze the specific modes of conversion to the Evangelio adopted by this aboriginal group. The analysis of native patterns shows that -in different areas- the Mocoví deploy a contextual and strategic notion of membership. This same logic, which enables them to play with symbolic ambiguity, permeates the ideas of “being in the Evangelio” or not.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; Argentin
History and conversion: The evangelio among the mocoví of Southwest Chaco
No full textA fines de la década de 1970 el movimiento del Evangelio comenzó a ocupar una posición dominante entre las comunidades mocoví del Chaco y posteriormente, las de Santa Fe. Nuestro trabajo se propone reconstruir el proceso histórico de la conformación del campo evangelio entre los mocoví del suroeste de la provincia del Chaco. Para una mejor comprensión de los mecanismos que han intervenido incorporaremos a nuestro análisis las modalidades particulares que ha adoptado entre este grupo aborigen la conversión al evangelio. A partir del análisis de los modelos nativos podemos observar que los mocoví despliegan, en diversos ámbitos, una concepción contextual y estratégica de la pertenencia. Es esta misma lógica, que permite jugar con la ambigüedad simbólica, la que permea las ideas sobre "estar en el evangelio" o salir del mismo.In the late 70’s a movement known as Evangelio began to gain relevance among Mocoví communities, first in the province of Chaco and later among communities located in Santa Fe. Our research aims to reconstruct the historical conformation of the Evangelio field among the Mocoví of Southwest Chaco. In order to better understand the mechanisms involved in this process, we analyze the specific modes of conversion to the Evangelio adopted by this aboriginal group. The analysis of native patterns shows that -in different areas- the Mocoví deploy a contextual and strategic notion of membership. This same logic, which enables them to play with symbolic ambiguity, permeates the ideas of “being in the Evangelio” or not.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; Argentin
“Let the Brothers Be United...”: Processes of Fission and Fusion within the Moqoit Evangelio
No full textEl objetivo de este trabajo es comprender algunas de las dinámicas sociales del evangelio moqoit, para ello se analiza el culto como unidad social, con particular atención a la construcción de alianzas fluctuantes con otros cultos. También se discute la acción misionera menonita, no sólo en relación a los aborígenes misionados, sino también desde la óptica de su impacto en la propia iglesia matriz, para la cual la misión desempeña el rol de una verdadera utopía cristiana. En este complejo panorama, se analizan las tensiones entre fisión y fusión al interior del evangelio moqoit y cómo la acción misionera menonita va a intentar privilegiar los mecanismos tendientes a fomentar la unión, mediante el desarrollo de una serie de dispositivos de regulación.The aim of this paper is to understand some of the social dynamics of the Moqoit evangelio. To this end, this church is analyzed as a social unit, paying particular attention to the construction of fluctuating alliances with other churches. Mennonite missionary action is also discussed –not only in relation to the indigenous people missionized– but also from the point of view of its impact on the Mother church itself, for which the mission plays the role of a true Christian utopia. In this complex panorama, I analyze the tensions between fission and fusion within the Moqoitevangelio and how the Mennonite missionary action attempts to privilege the mechanisms tending to foster unity, through the development of a series of regulation devices.Fil: Altman, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas; Argentin
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