50 research outputs found
Origins of hydrocarbons in the Sagara oil field, central Japan
No full textWe collected free-gas and in situ fluid samples up to a depth of 200.6 m from the Sagara oil field, central Japan (34°44′N, 138°15′E), during the Sagara Drilling Program (SDP) and measured the concentrations and stable carbon isotopic compositions of CH4 and C2H6 in the samples. A combination of the CH4/C2H6 ratios with the carbon isotope ratios of methane indicates that the hydrocarbon gases are predominantly of thermogenic origin at all depths. The isotope signature of hydrocarbon gases of δ13CCH4 < δ13CC2H6 suggests that these gases in the Sagara oil field are not generated by polymerization, but by the decomposition of organic materials
UJI EKSPERIMENTAL KUAT CABUT PAKU PADA KAYU
No full textSNI 7973-2013 yang berjudul Spesfikasi Desain untuk Konstruksi Kayu, adalah peraturan yang digunakan dalam melakukan perancangan konstruksi kayu di Indonesia. Peraturan tersebut memberikan acuan yang baik dalam melakukan perhitungan struktur kayu, baik berupa elemen struktur maupun sambungan dari elemen struktur kayu. Salah satu kekurangan dari peraturan tersebut adalah tidak adanya rumusan / persamaan yang dapat digunakan untuk menghitung besarnya kuat cabut pada alat pengencang mekanik seperti paku dan sekrup. ASTM D 1761 “Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Fasteners in Wood” adalah standar yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pengujian kuat cabut pada elemen pengencang pada kayu seperti paku, sekrup, dan staples. Dari variasi pengujian yang dilakukan didapatkan hubungan antara kuat cabut paku dengan berat jenis, kadar air, arah serat, dan diameter paku yang digunakan. Nilai kuat cabut paku yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini berkisar antara 1.86 – 9.28 MPa
A Study on Effects of Creep and Shrinkage in High Strength Concrete Bridges
No full textAbstractThe last three decades have been marked by remarkable growth of high strength concrete applications in building and bridges. Both types of construction will benefit from the positif effetcs such as reductions in member sizes and amount of reinforcement, when using high strength concrete. However, bridges are often made with long spans resulting in significant dead weight which combined with the creep and shrinkage properties of concrete, leads to significant deformation and loss of prestressing force in the long term. In this study, the effects of creep and shrinkage of high strength concrete used for prestressed concrete bridge girder is investigated. The aim is to quantify the loss of prestress in high strength concrete bridge and to find justfications on increasing usage of high strength concrete for bridges. A continuous-span bridge built using span by span method (movable scaffold system) is chosen as a case study. Three grades of concrete strength are investigated, 40MPa, 80MPa, and 100MPa, each representing normal, moderately high and high strength concrete. These are grades that can be routinely produced by concrete industry without significant alteration in current production/process technology. As part of this study, a literature survey has also been conducted. It suggests that high strength concrete requires modification of current creep and shrinkage code (applicable only for normal concrete). Thus, the initial part of this study deals with determination of proper creep and shrinkage code. Then, a finite element analysis of the bridge case is performed. The result indicates that reduction in girder size and amount of prestressing is not simply governed by concrete strength, but by the comlplex effects of strength, creep and shrinkage behavior of high strength concrete
සිදත් සඟරාවේ ලිංග භේදය පිළිබඳ විමර්ශනාත්මක අධ්යයනයක්
No full textThe only book currently available to learn Sinhala grammar is Sidath Sagara. This was written in the thirteenth century. Sidath Sagara talks about gender, only two genders as masculine and feminine nouns. Although Sidath Sagara says that there are two genders, according to the Sinhala practice, three genders are implemented. The third gender is the neuter gender. Sinhala gender has been introduced after paying attention to the gender difference in Pali and Sanskrit languages. Understand gender discrimination in Sidath Sagara without knowledge of Pali and Sanskrit languages. This is a problematic situation. Because of this, scholars refuse to explain the gender of the Sidath Sagara. Some people justify sidath Sagara's gender bias. This research was carried out in order to properly investigate Sidath Sagarava's gender examination and arrive at conclusions. why neuter gender is not valid in Sinhala in Sidath Sagarava's gender examination? is kept as the research problem. The main objective of the research was to study gender discrimination in Sidath Sagara. Studying the various ideologies that have been presented regarding gender discrimination, Sidath Sagara's research on gender and reaching balanced conclusions began. Sidath Sagara was kept as the primary source. Various editions of Sidath Sagara, Sinhala grammar books and Journals written in this regard, newspaper articles etc. were the secondary sources by studying the gender difference in Sidath Sagara and grammar tradition of Sinhala, it was kept as the basis of the research that the existing problems regarding gender discrimination in Sidath Sagara will be resolved. the research sample was only for the work of Sidath Sagara and Sinhala grammar tradition. From the data analysis of the research 1. Gender distiction as discrimination in Sidath Sagara is a gender discrimination used for poetry 2. the author of Sidath Sagara explains focusing on the gender distinction in Pali and Sanskrit languages and not focusing on the Sinhala language. 3. it is uncinded the three conclusions that Sidath Sagara's gender distinction is a traditional Sinhala grammatical tradition
Scapinin, the Protein Phosphatase 1 Binding Protein, Enhances Cell Spreading and Motility by Interacting with the Actin Cytoskeleton
No full textCopyright (c) 2009 Sagara et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Scapinin, also named phactr3, is an actin and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) binding protein, which is expressed in the adult brain and some tumor cells. At present, the role(s) of scapinin in the brain and tumors are poorly understood. We show that the RPEL-repeat domain of scapinin, which is responsible for its direct interaction with actin, inhibits actin polymerization in vitro. Next, we established a Hela cell line, where scapinin expression was induced by tetracycline. In these cells, expression of scapinin stimulated cell spreading and motility. Scapinin was colocalized with actin at the edge of spreading cells. To explore the roles of the RPEL-repeat and PP1-binding domains, we expressed wild-type and mutant scapinins as fusion proteins with green fluorescence protein (GFP) in Cos7 cells. Expression of GFP-scapinin (wild type) also stimulated cell spreading, but mutation in the RPEL-repeat domain abolished both the actin binding and the cell spreading activity. PP1-binding deficient mutants strongly induced cell retraction. Long and branched cytoplasmic processes were developed during the cell retraction. These results suggest that scapinin enhances cell spreading and motility through direct interaction with actin and that PP1 plays a regulatory role in scapinin-induced morphological changes.Articleapplication/pdfPLOS ONE. 4(1):e4247 (2009)journal articl
Experimental study on strength and stiffness connection of wooden truss structure
No full textScarcity of wood is hindering the use of wood materials that have large dimension and high quality. Thus, wooden truss is expected to be a solution for this problem. However, the use of this system is not complemented with adequate research of its strength and behavior. In this study, wooden truss would be examined experimentally. The specimen is a wooden truss joist supporting the floor slab for typical residences with two connection type variations which are nail and glue. These specimens has dimension of 185 cm in length and 36 cm in height with 3 layers of a wooden board in width, and were produced by using Sengon wood with elasticity modulus of 2867 MPa, and specific gravity of 0.4. Destructive and non-destructive test were performed. From the result, we obtained a higher proportional strength for glue type connection truss which at 1123.34 kg compared to nail type connection truss which at 767.07 kg. However, unlike the nail type connection, the glue type connection has a brittle behavior. Moreover, the stiffness connection study resulted with partial fixity value of 0.07 for nail type and 0.98 for glue type connection. Furthermore, these results have also been validated using numerical model analysi
Pengujian Terhadap Kekuatan Dan Pelapukan Beton Dengan Pengukuran Kekerasan Dan Karbonasi Dam Concrete Face Dan Spillway Pada Bendungan Cirata
No full textBendungan merupakan salah satu sarana multifungsi yang memiliki peranan penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Guna menjaga dan meningkatkan jaminan keamanan bendungan dan pengoperasiannya maka diperlukan pemeriksaan teliti (assesment) melalui penerapan metodologi test/pengujian yang memadai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat pelapukan dan kekuatan struktur beton concrete face dan spillway sejak dini guna menghindari kerusakan atau kerugian yang lebih besar dikemudian hari. Pekerjaan pengukuran dengan melakukan pengukuran/pengujian kekuatan beton secara langsung (non destructive – direct test) melalui uji tekan permukaan beton. Hasil dari pengujian hammer test dan karbonasi yang dilakukan di area concrete faced dan pharaphet adalah kuat tekan beton rata-rata pada dam concrete faced adalah sebesar 343 kg/cm2, rata-rata tebal beton yang mengalami karbonasi adalah sebesar 0,5 mm. Kuat tekan beton rata-rata pada dam pharaphet adalah sebesar 391 kg/cm2, rata-rata tebal beton yang mengalami karbonasi adalah sebesar 1 mm. Pengujian non-destructive adalah pengujian dengan schmidt hammer. Hasil pengujian ini adalah kuat tekan beton rata-rata pada spillway inlet adalah sebesar 378 kg/cm2, rata-rata tebal beton yang mengalami karbonasi adalah sebesar 0,83 mm. Kuat tekan beton rata-rata pada outlet spillway adalah sebesar 271 kg/cm2, rata-rata tebal beton yang mengalami karbonasi adalah sebesar 0,55 mm. Kuat tekan beton rata-rata pada bottom spillway outlet adalah sebesar 243 kg/cm2, rata-rata tebal beton yang mengalami karbonasi adalah sebesar 0,55 m
Experimental study on strength and stiffness connection of wooden truss structure
No full textScarcity of wood is hindering the use of wood materials that have large dimension and high quality. Thus, wooden truss is expected to be a solution for this problem. However, the use of this system is not complemented with adequate research of its strength and behavior. In this study, wooden truss would be examined experimentally. The specimen is a wooden truss joist supporting the floor slab for typical residences with two connection type variations which are nail and glue. These specimens has dimension of 185 cm in length and 36 cm in height with 3 layers of a wooden board in width, and were produced by using Sengon wood with elasticity modulus of 2867 MPa, and specific gravity of 0.4. Destructive and non-destructive test were performed. From the result, we obtained a higher proportional strength for glue type connection truss which at 1123.34 kg compared to nail type connection truss which at 767.07 kg. However, unlike the nail type connection, the glue type connection has a brittle behavior. Moreover, the stiffness connection study resulted with partial fixity value of 0.07 for nail type and 0.98 for glue type connection. Furthermore, these results have also been validated using numerical model analysi
