351 research outputs found
A produção de materiais didáticos: entrevista com Neus Sans Baulenas
No full textThis interview with the Spanish teacher Neus Sans Baulenas, author of didactic materials of Spanish as a Foreign Language published by Editorial Difusión from Spain, aims at knowing about her career as a writer for more than 36 years and about what she thinks of her editorial production. The interview also reveals the author’s perception of the current methodological tendencies in language teaching and her opinion on issues related to certain editorial policies in the present context.Esta entrevista a la profesora de español Neus Sans Baulenas, autora de materiales didácticos de Español como Lengua Extranjera, actualmente de la Editorial Difusión de España, tiene como objetivo conocer su trayectoria como escritora desde hace más de 36 años y saber lo que piensa sobre su producción editorial. La entrevista las actuales tendencias metodológicas y además registrar su opinión sobre cuestiones relativas a determinadas políticas editoriales en la contemporaneidad.Esta entrevista com a professora de espanhol como língua estrangeira (E/LE) Neus Sans Baulenas, autora de materiais didáticos de Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira da Editora Difusión da Espanha, tem como objetivo conhecer sua trajetória como escritora há mais de 36 anos e saber o que pensa sobre sua produção editorial. A entrevista também revela a percepção da autora sobre as tendências metodológicas atuais no ensino de línguas e sua opinião sobre questões relacionadas a certas políticas editoriais contemporâneas
La producción de materiales didácticos: entrevista a Neus Sans Baulenas
No full textThis interview with the Spanish teacher Neus Sans Baulenas, author of didactic materials of Spanish as a Foreign Language published by Editorial Difusión from Spain, aims at knowing about her career as a writer for more than 36 years and about what she thinks of her editorial production. The interview also reveals the author’s perception of the current methodological tendencies in language teaching and her opinion on issues related to certain editorial policies in the present context.Esta entrevista com a professora de espanhol como língua estrangeira (E/LE) Neus Sans Baulenas, autora de materiais didáticos de Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira da Editora Difusión da Espanha, tem como objetivo conhecer sua trajetória como escritora há mais de 36 anos e saber o que pensa sobre sua produção editorial. A entrevista também revela a percepção da autora sobre as tendências metodológicas atuais no ensino de línguas e sua opinião sobre questões relacionadas a certas políticas editoriais contemporâneas.Esta entrevista a la profesora de español Neus Sans Baulenas, autora de materiales didácticos de Español como Lengua Extranjera, actualmente de la Editorial Difusión de España, tiene como objetivo conocer su trayectoria como escritora desde hace más de 36 años y saber lo que piensa sobre su producción editorial. La entrevista las actuales tendencias metodológicas y además registrar su opinión sobre cuestiones relativas a determinadas políticas editoriales en la contemporaneidad
Mercè Rodoreda, the most translated author in Catalan fiction
No full textMercè Rodoreda is the most translated author in Catalan literature. La Plaça del Diamant, which has been translated into 37 languages in dozens of different translations, places her ahead of such internationally famous fiction writers as Jaume Cabré and Albert Sánchez Piñol. This symbolic novel of the human condition, hailed by critics and beloved by a diverse array of readers, is particularly representativ of the author’s literary talent and ambition and can be considered a major 20th-century classic thanks to its extraordinarily high quality.Keywords: Catalan literature, translation, fiction, Mercè Rodoreda, La Plaça del Diamant
Performance of tuberculin skin tests and interferon-γ release assays in children younger than 5 years
No full textBACKGROUND: Available data to assess the optimal diagnostic approach in infants and preschool children at risk of tuberculosis (TB) are limited. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study in children younger than 5 years undergoing assessment with both tuberculin skin tests (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assays at 2 tertiary TB units in Barcelona, Spain. RESULTS: A total of 383 children were included. One of 304 participants considered uninfected developed active TB during follow-up {median [interquartile range (IQR)]: 47 [30; 48] months}, compared with none of 40 participants with latent TB infection [follow-up since completion of anti-TB treatment: 42 (32; 45) months]. Overall test agreement between TST and QFT-GIT was moderate (κ = 0.551), but very good in children screened after TB contact (κ = 0.801) and in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unvaccinated children (κ = 0.816). Discordant results (16.8%, all TST+/QFT-GIT-) were mainly observed in new-entrant screening and in BCG-vaccinated children. Children with indeterminate QFT-GIT results were on average younger than those with determinate results (median age: 12 vs. 30 months; P < 0.001). The sensitivity of TSTs and QFT-GIT assays in children with confirmed active TB was 100% (95% confidence interval: 79.4%-100%) and 93.7% (95% confidence interval: 69.8%-99.8%), respectively. In patients with latent TB infection or active TB, there was no correlation between age and antigen-stimulated interferon-γ responses (r = -0.044; P = 0.714). CONCLUSIONS: In young BCG-unvaccinated children with recent TB contact, a dual testing strategy using TST and QFT-GIT in parallel may not be necessary. However, TST+/QFT-GIT- discordance is common, and it remains uncertain if this constellation indicates TB infection or not. In active TB, QFT-GIT assays do not perform better than TSTs.</p
Arterial tortuosity syndrome: 40 new families and literature review (vol 20, pg 1236, 2017)
No full textIn the published version of this paper the author Neus Baena's name was incorrectly given as Neus Baena Diez. This has now been corrected in both the HTML and PDF versions of the paper.status: Publishe
La Pràctica Basada en l´Evidència, una millora en l´aprenentatge i desenvolupament competencial dels estudiants d´Ergonomia
No full textLa Pràctica Basada en l'Evidència és una metodologia enfocada a la millora de la presa de decisions mitjançant l'ús de les millors evidències disponibles com a base del pensament crític. Aquesta pràctica ha estat àmpliament emprada en el marc de les professions sanitàries i la gestió empresarial però la seva aplicació en l´àmbit de la Prevenció de Riscos Laborals ha estat molt limitada. Els experts en la Pràctica Basada en l´Evidència matèria consideren essencial formar als estudiants i professionals en aquest enfocament per tal d'assegurar la millor praxis professional. Per aquest motiu, el present treball final de màster neix amb l´objectiu d´analitzar l'impacte de la incorporació de la Pràctica Basada en l´Evidència com a metodologia d´ensenyament en l´assignatura d´Ergonomia del Màster Universitari en Prevenció de Riscos Laborals de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Per poder fer aquest estudi s´ha analitzat quantitativament per mitjà d´un estudi longitudinal i transversal: a) L´evolució competencial dels estudiants al llarg del semestre en funció dels resultats de les tres proves d´avaluació continuada a resoldre. En concret les dues competències associades al pensament crític avaluades han estat: 1) la cerca, identificació, organització i ús adequat de la informació, i 2) la interpretació i avaluació de la informació de manera crítica, per al seu desenvolupament professional. b) L´impacte d´aquesta metodologia en quant a la consolidació dels continguts. S´ha analitzat la relació existent entre la Pràctica Basada en l´Evidència i la millora de l´aprenentatge de la matèria a impartir, en aquest cas l´Ergonomia. c) La relació existent entre l´evolució del desenvolupament competencial i de l´aprenentatge dels continguts. Complementàriament, s´ha volgut conèixer la percepció dels estudiants sobre l´aplicabilitat d´aquesta nova metodologia a l´aprenentatge de l´Ergonomia. Per això s´ha portat a terme una anàlisi qualitativa d´anàlisi de paraules clau. Els resultats obtinguts han permès conèixer que la Pràctica Basada en l´Evidència millora les competències dels estudiants relacionades amb el pensament crític. Tanmateix, s´ha observat una millora de l´aprenentatge dels continguts, encara que amb algunes limitacions. Per finalitzar, s´ha pogut establir una relació positiva entre el desenvolupament competencial i l´aprenentatge de continguts. A nivell de conclusió, es pot evidenciar, per tant, que la Pràctica Basada en l´Evidència constitueix una eina d´aprenentatge positiva pels estudiants d´Ergonomia, àmbit què requereix d´una presa de decisions constant.Evidence-Based Practice is a methodology focuses on improving decision-making through the use of the best available evidence and critical thinking. It has been widely used in the health professions and business management but its application in the field of occupational risk prevention has been very limited. Subject matter experts consider it essential to train students and professionals in this approach in order to ensure the best professional practice. For this reason, this work was born with the objective of analysing the impact of the incorporation of Evidence-Based Practice as teaching methodology in the subject of Ergonomics of the Master's Degree in Occupational Risk Prevention of the Open University of Catalonia. In order to be able to carry out this study, it was analysed quantitatively by means of a longitudinal and transversal study: (a) The evolution of competence of students throughout the semester in the light of the results of the three continuing assessment tests to be completed. In particular, the two competencies associated with critical thinking evaluated were those related to the search, identification, organization and proper use of information, and, secondly, the interpretation and evaluation of information in a critical manner, for their professional development. b) The impact of this methodology in terms of content consolidation. It has been considered interesting to know if Evidence-Based Practice improves the learning of the subject to be taught. (c) The relationship between the evolution of content learning and competency development. Finally, student´s perception of the applicability of this new methodology has been sought through qualitative analysis. The results obtained have allowed us to know that Evidence-Based Practice improves students' competencies related to critical thinking. However, there has been an improvement in content learning, albeit with limitations. Finally, it was possible to establish a positive relationship between content learning and competency development. It is therefore concluded that this methodology can be a positive learning tool for students of Ergonomics. This is an area in which constant decision-making is required.La Práctica Basada en la Evidencia es una metodología enfocada a la mejora de la toma de decisiones mediante el uso de las mejores evidencias disponibles como base del pensamiento crítico. Esta práctica ha sido ampliamente utilizada en el marco de las profesiones sanitarias y la gestión empresarial pero su aplicación en el ámbito de la prevención de riesgos laborales ha sido muy limitada. Los expertos en la Práctica Basada en la evidencia materia consideran esencial formar a los estudiantes y profesionales en este enfoque para d'assegurar la mejor praxis profesional. Por este motivo, el presente trabajo final de máster nace con el objetivo de analizar el impacto de la incorporación de la Práctica Basada en la evidencia como metodología de enseñanza en la asignatura de ergonomía del Máster Universitario en Prevención de Riesgos Laborales de la Universidad Abierta de Cataluña. Para poder realizar este estudio se ha analizado cuantitativamente mediante un estudio longitudinal y transversal: a) La evolución competencial de los estudiantes a lo largo del semestre en función de los resultados de las tres pruebas de evaluación continuada a resolver. En concreto las dos competencias asociadas al pensamiento crítico evaluadas han sido: 1) la búsqueda, identificación, organización y uso adecuado de la información, y 2) la interpretación y evaluación de la información de manera crítica, para su desarrollo profesional. b) El impacto de esta metodología en cuanto a la consolidación de los contenidos. Se ha analizado la relación existente entre la Práctica Basada en la evidencia y la mejora del aprendizaje de la materia a impartir, en este caso la ergonomía. c) La relación existente entre la evolución del desarrollo competencial y del aprendizaje de los contenidos. Complementariamente, se ha querido conocer la percepción de los estudiantes sobre l'aplicabilitat esta nueva metodología a aprendizaje de la ergonomía. Para ello se ha llevado a cabo un análisis cualitativo de análisis de palabras clave. Los resultados obtenidos han permitido conocer que la Práctica Basada en la evidencia mejora las competencias de los estudiantes relacionadas con el pensamiento crítico. Sin embargo, se ha observado una mejora del aprendizaje de los contenidos, aunque con algunas limitaciones. Para finalizar, se ha podido establecer una relación positiva entre el desarrollo competencial y el aprendizaje de contenidos. A nivel de conclusión, se puede evidenciar, por tanto, que la Práctica Basada en la evidencia constituye una herramienta de aprendizaje positiva para los estudiantes de ergonomía, ámbito que requiere una toma de decisiones constante
Budgetary impact analysis on funding smoking-cessation drugs in patients with COPD in Spain
No full textCarlos A Jiménez-Ruiz,1 Segismundo Solano-Reina,2 Jaime Signes-Costa,3 Eva de Higes-Martinez,4 José I Granda-Orive,5 José J Lorza-Blasco,6 Juan A Riesco-Miranda,7 Neus Altet-Gomez,8 Miguel Barrueco,9 Itziar Oyagüez,10 Javier Rejas11 On behalf of the SEPAR’s Integrated Tobacco Research Program 1Specialised Tobacco Unit, Community of Madrid, 2Tobacco Unit, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, 3Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Juan, Alicante, 4Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, 5Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, 6Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarre, 7Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital de San Pedro Alcántara, Cáceres, 8Drassanes Tobacco Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall-d’Hebron-Drassanes, The Jordi Gol University Institute for Research Primary Healthcare, Barcelona, 9Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Biomedical Research Institute, Salamanca, 10Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Iberia, 11Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes Research, Pfizer, Sociedad Limitada Unificada, Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain Abstract: The aim of the study was to assess the budgetary impact of funding smoking-cessation drugs in COPD patients in Spain. A hybrid model (cohort and Markov) was developed for a 5-year time horizon. Only approved cessation drugs (varenicline, bupropion, and nicotine replacement therapy) were considered. Irrespective of the drug, the model allowed for an initial cessation attempt, and up to three additional attempts in case of failure or smoking relapse during a 5-year period. Drug effectiveness was based on controlled clinical trials. National Health System perspective was applied; therefore, only medical resources were included. The pharmaceutical costs for smoking-cessation drugs, extra medical follow-up as a consequence of public reimbursement, and annual savings for health costs avoided due to stopping smoking were considered. The model estimated that 17,756 COPD patients would stop smoking if public funding was available, compared with 1,303 without reimbursement. In the reimbursement scenario, the savings accounted for a total of €48.0 million, compensating for expenditures on drugs and medical visits (€40.4 million). Accumulated total additional savings in 5 years (€4.3 million) compared with the scenario without reimbursement was shown. Sensitivity analyses supported the results robustness. Funding smoking-cessation drugs in COPD patients seems to be an efficient option and a National Health System drug reimbursement scheme would represent a cost-saving policy in Spain. Keywords: pharmacotherapy, COPD, smoking cessation, budgetary impact, health servic
Aplicabilitat clínica de les tècniques de detecció in vitro de l'interferó-gamma en la infecció i la malaltia tuberculosa
No full textLes tècniques dels IGRAs (Interferon-gamma release assays) Quantiferon-TB Gold in Tube (QFN-G-IT) així com el T-SPOT.TB, quantifiquen la resposta cel·lular immune a través de la detecció de l' Interferó-gamma (IF-γ) produït per les cèl·lules T sensibilitzades prèviament, en resposta a una estimulació in vitro amb antígens específics: l'ESAT-6, CFP-10 i TB7.7, que estan presents al M. tuberculosis complex, però absents en el bacil vacunal BCG i la majoria de les micobactèries no tuberculoses. L'objectiu d'aquesta Tesi Doctoral és comparar la utilitat clínica d'aquestes tècniques amb la prova de la tuberculina (PT) en diferents situacions. 1er Estudi: Avaluar la positivitat del QFN-G-IT i el T-SPOT.TB en adults amb Tuberculosi (TB) activa. La sensibilitat global en els casos amb confirmació microbiològica va ser del 75,9% utilitzant T-SPOT.TB i del 58,2% amb QFN-G-IT. En els pacients inclosos en l'inici del tractament, la sensibilitat per a T-SPOT.TB va ser del 83,3% i del 69,4% per QFN-G-IT. Per contra, en els pacients avaluats durant el tractament, la sensibilitat va ser del 69,8% per a T-SPOT.TB i 48,8% per QFN-G-IT. 2n Estudi: Avaluar els IGRAs i la PT en el diagnòstic de la Infecció Tuberculosa (IT) en nens reclutats en estudis de contacte i cribratges de salut públics. La concordança entre la PT i els IGRAs va ser alta en els nens no vacunats amb BCG. Les variables associades amb resultats discordants van ser: pertànyer al grup de cribratge (OR ajustada = 6,9; 95% CI = 3.4-14.4; p 0,001); ser vacunats amb BCG (OR ajustada = 10,1; IC del 95% = 3.3-30.9; p 0,001); i PT entre 5-9 mm (OR ajustada = 10,4; IC del 95% = 3.5-31.1; p 6 h en comparació amb els de 6 hores d'exposició . L'amuntegament no es va associar amb la positivitat de cap de les proves. La positivitat de la PT no es va correlacionar amb els factors de risc estudiats: tos, retard diagnòstic; mida de l'habitació; amuntegament. Tanmateix, ambdós IGRAs van mostrar una associació significativa amb la presència de tos i la mida de l'habitació. En resum, els resultats de tots els estudis presentats en aquesta Tesi Doctoral mostren que els nous mètodes de laboratori basats en la detecció de d'IF, poden ajudar en la pràctica clínica diària en el diagnòstic de la TB, tant en la Malaltia, com en la Infecció. Encara que no són capaços de distingir entre la Tuberculosi latent i activa, tenen utilitat com a mètode complementari per al diagnòstic de la Malaltia activa, i com la principal eina en el maneig dels estudis de contactes, tant en nens com en adults.Interferon-γ (IF-γ) release assays (IGRAs), Quantiferon-TB Gold in Tube (QFN-G-IT) as well as T-SPOT.TB quantify the cellular immune response by detecting IF-γ, produced by T-cells sensitized previously, in response to in vitro stimulation with specific antigens: ESAT-6, CFP-10 and TB7.7 which are present in M. tuberculosis complex but absent in BCG vaccine strain and most environmental mycobacteria. The purpose of this Doctoral Thesis is to test and compare the clinical utility of both IGRA techniques and TST in different situations. 1st Study: To assess the positivity of QFN-G-IT and T-SPOT.TB test in adult patients with active tuberculosis (TB). The overall sensitivity in microbiologically confirmed patients was 75.9% using T-SPOT.TB and 58.2% using QFN-G-IT. In patients included at the beginning of the treatment, the sensitivity for T-SPOT.TB was 83.3% and 69.4% for QFN-G-IT. In contrast, in patients evaluated during treatment, the sensitivity was 69.8% for T-SPOT.TB and 48.8% for QFN-G-IT. 2nStudy: To evaluate IGRAs and TST in diagnosing TB infection in children, recruited from contact-tracing studies and from public health screenings. The agreement between TST and IFN-γ-tests was high in non-BCG-vaccinated children. Variables associated with discordant results were: belonging to the screening group (adjusted OR=6.9; 95%CI=3.4.14.4; p 0.001); being vaccinated with BCG (adjusted OR=10.1; 95%CI=3.3.30.9; p 0.001); and TST between 5-9 mm (adjusted OR=10.4; 95%CI=3.5.31.1; p 6 h of exposure, in comparison to the contacts with 6 h of exposure. Overcrowding was not associated with the positivity of any of the tests. The TST positivity was not correlated with any risk factors: cough; delayed diagnosis; room size; overcrowding. However both IGRAs associated better than TST with cough and the size of the room where contact was made. The results of all the studies presented in this doctoral thesis show that the new laboratory methods for the immunodiagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection, can help in daily clinical practice in the diagnosis of TB - the disease as well as the infection thereof. Although the IFN-γ tests are not able to distinguish between latent and active tuberculosis, they can be used, as a complementary method in the diagnosis of active TB, and as the main tool in the management of contact studies, both in children as well as in adults
Literatura infantil sobre a filosofia na cultura chinesa: análise de Tao, de Manel Ollé e Neus Caamaño
No full textPretende-se, com a presente dissertação, analisar o álbum ilustrado para a
infância intitulado Tao, com texto Manel Ollé e ilustrações de Neus Caamaño,
uma obra de inspiração chinesa recentemente publicada em Portugal. O
objetivo deste trabalho é estudar um exemplo de literatura infantil, publicada
em contexto português, inspirada na filosofia chinesa, contribuindo para a
popularização do seu conhecimento em Portugal. Para a realização deste
trabalho, começou-se por escolher um livro ilustrado de literatura infantil sobre
a filosofia da cultura chinesa, Tao. Em seguida, analisou-se o conteúdo da
obra e os significados filosóficos específicos, bem como as conotações
filosóficas que Lao Tzu deseja transmitir. Este estudo inclui a análise das
ilustrações e o seu contributo para a compreensão do conteúdo filosófico por
parte da criança e o seu significado na sociedade ocidental moderna, tendo em
vista a construção da mensagem. Além disso, o estudo também inclui as
apresentações do autor, da ilustradora e de Lao Tzu, bem como do taoísmo,
sem esquecer o contributo dos elementos da cultura tradicional chinesa na
literatura infantil de base filosófica.This dissertation aims to analyze the illustrated children's album Tao, text by
Manel Ollé and illustrations by Neus Caamaño, a Chinese-inspired work
recently published in Portugal. The purpose of this work is to study an example
of children's literature, published in a Portuguese context, inspired by Chinese
philosophy, contributing to the popularization of its knowledge in Portugal. To
carry out this work, we started by choosing an illustrated book of children's
literature about the philosophy of Chinese culture, Tao. Then, we intend to
analyze the content of the work and the specific philosophical meanings, as
well as the philosophical connotations that Laozi wishes to convey. This study
includes the analysis of the illustrations and their contribution to the child's
understanding of the philosophical content and its significance in modern
Western society, with a view to enlightening children. In addition, the study also
includes introductions of the author, the illustrator and Laozi, as well as Taoism,
not to mention the contribution of elements of traditional Chinese culture in
philosophically-based children's literature.Mestrado em Português Língua Estrangeira/Língua Segund
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