1,720,974 research outputs found
Diagnosi differenziale dell’oftalmopatia basedowiana
No full textIl termine Oftalmopatia Basedowiana (OB) definisce il complesso delle manifestazioni oculari che si osservano frequentemente nei pazienti affetti da una particolare forma di ipertiroidismo (morbo di Basedow) (1). Tuttavia, questa malattia oculare può svilupparsi, seppur molto più raramente, anche in pazienti con affetti ad ipotiroidsmo (tiroidite cronica autoimmune di Hashimoto) o, addirittura, in pazienti senza apparenti alterazioni tiroidee (cosiddetta oftalmopatia basedowiana isolata o Euthyroid Graves’ Disease) (Tabella 1). Trattasi di una patologia con patogenesi autoimmune
Le malattie autoimmuni della tiroide
No full textLa tireopatie autoimmuni sono le malattie autoimmuni organo-specifiche più comuni e sono caratterizzate da una comune patogenesi e da espressioni cliniche le più diverse.
Le due forme più frequenti sono il morbo di Basedow e la tiroidite cronica autoimmune o di Hashimoto. Il morbo di Basedow è caratterizzato da gozzo diffuso, ipertiroidismo e manifestazioni oculari che vanno sotto il nome di oftalmopatia basedowiana. La tiroidite cronica autoimmune si manifesta con gozzo o atrofia tiroidea e può associarsi o meno a ipotiroidismo, che può essere più o meno manifesto. Il morbo di Basedow e la tiroidite atrofica costituiscono i due estremi dello spettro delle tireopatie autoimmuni, in cui sono incluse forme intermedie che non raramente possono rappresentare forme transitorie in evoluzione tra un quadro e l’altro.
Meno frequenti, ma non rare, sono la tiroidite post-partum, la tiroidite focale e la tiroidite silente.
La tiroidite post-partum colpisce nel periodo immediatamente successivo all’espletamento del parto le donne che sono portatrici dell’autoimmunità tiroidea e si caratterizza per l’insorgenza di una tireotossicosi o di un’insufficienza tiroidea generalmente, ma non necessariamente, transitorie. La tiroidite focale non costituisce un quadro morboso ben definito ma è l’espressione di una reazione autoimmunitaria circoscritta che è molto frequente in patologie non autoimmuni della tiroide quali il gozzo non tossico e il carcinoma differenziato.
In questo capitolo sono trattati con particolare attenzione il morbo di Basedow e la tiroidite cronica autoimmune nei loro aspetti epidemiologici, eziopatogenetici, clinici, diagnostici e terapeutici
Thyroglobulin autoantibodies of patients with subacute thyroiditis are restricted to a major B cell epitope.
No full textBACKGROUND:
Thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb) can develop in patients with subacute thyroiditis (SAT).
AIM:
Comparison of the epitope pattern of TgAb of patients with SAT, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) [autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD)] and non-toxic multinodular goiter (NTMG) (non-AITD).
SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
Serum TgAb from 10 patients with SAT, 45 with HT, and 19 with NTMG were evaluated. Serum TgAb binding to Tg was inhibited by 4 recombinant human TgAb-Fab, recognizing Tg epitope regions A, B, C, and D. The ability of single TgAb-Fab to inhibit the binding of serum TgAb to Tg was evaluated in enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS:
Levels of inhibition were different for all TgAb-Fab in the 3 groups of patients. Inhibition by region A TgAb-Fab in SAT [50.5 (30.3-62.5)%] (median and 25th to 75th percentiles) was similar to HT [49.0 (38.0-69.5)%] and significantly higher than in NTMG [25.0 (14.0-37.0)%]; by region B TgAb-Fab in SAT [0.0 (0.0-12.5)%] was significantly lower than in HT [28.0 (9.5-48.0)%] and similar to NTMG [9.0 (4.8-20.5)%]; by region C TgAb-Fab in SAT [9.5 (0.0-25.8)%] were similar to HT [23.0 (9.5-41)%] and NTMG [6.5 (1.7-21.5)%]; and by region D TgAb-Fab in SAT [0.0 (0.0-8.0)%] were lower than in HT [12.0 (1.0-28.5)%] and similar to NTMG [1.0 (0.0-5.0)%].
CONCLUSIONS:
The epitope pattern of TgAb of SAT is restricted to the A region that is immunodominant in AITD and non-AITD. In the majority of patients with SAT, the autoimmune phenomena represent a non-specific and transient response to the release of thyroid antigens, rather than the expression of thyroid autoimmunity
Fatal and non-fatal adverse events of glucocorticoid therapy for Graves' orbitopathy: a questionnaire survey among members of the European Thyroid Association
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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