14 research outputs found
Cranial computed tomography utilization in head trauma in a Southern Nigerian tertiary hospital
No full textBackground: Computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice in evaluating patients with acute head trauma. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess CT utilization in head trauma in University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) with reference to sociodemographic characteristics and cause of injury. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of patients who had CT scanning done for head trauma in the UBTH, from 2011 to 2013 was undertaken. Medical Records of patients with special emphasis on the patient′s demographic characteristics and detailed information about the cause of injury of the patients were obtained from the accident and emergency department of the hospital. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17. Results: A total of 1387 patients with male: female ratio of 3.7:1 were studied. The mean age of the patients was 33.2 ± 18.8 years. Road traffic accidents (RTA) were the predominant cause of injury among the patients accounting for 62.6% of the cases. Gunshot injury (GSI) and patients struck by objects accounted for only 2.7% and 1.3% of the cases, respectively. The Glasgow coma score (GCS) of the patients revealed that 42.0%, 26.1%, and 31.9% of patients had severe head injury, moderate injury, and mild injury, respectively. Conclusion: Road traffic accidents involving young adult males constituted the predominant cause of injury in patients that had brain CT in UBTH. There is an urgent need for improvement in the condition of roads and enforcement of the use of protective devices by road users to curb the epidemic of head injury resulting from RTAs
Determinants of patient satisfaction after cesarean delivery at a university teaching hospital in Nigeria
No full textKnowledge of sexually transmitted infections amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in West Coast region of The Gambia
No full textSexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) during pregnancy remain a public health concern especially in developing countries including The Gambia. This study assessed the knowledge of STIs and its associated factors amongst pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in West Coast region of The Gambia. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Two hundred and eighty pregnant women attending antenatal care in Brikama District Hospital, Brikama, and Bandung Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Bandung, who gave their consent, participated in this study. The instrument for data collection was an interviewer administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS for Windows, version 21.0. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. All the respondents were aware of HIV/AIDS and their main source of information was from health care providers. However, most of them 263 (93.9%) had poor knowledge of STIs. Level of education (p < 0.001) and employment status (p = 0.001) had significant association with level of knowledge of STIs. This study also identified low level of education [AOR: 0.04 (95% CI: 0.01 – 0.35)], and unemployment [AOR: 21.97 (95% CI: 1.57 – 306.65)] as statistically significant predictors of low level of knowledge of STIs amongst the respondents. There is need for mass media campaigns and other public health measures aimed at increasing knowledge of STIs as this will herald effective intervention strategies towards the prevention of STIs.Les infections sexuellement transmissibles (IST) pendant la grossesse demeurent un problème de santé publique, en particulier dans les pays en développement, y compris la Gambie. Cette étude a évalué la connaissance des IST et de ses facteurs associés auprès des femmes enceintes qui fréquentent des cliniques prénatales dans la région de la Côte Ouest de la Gambie. Un plan d'étude descriptif transversal a été utilisé. Deux cent quatre-vingts femmes enceintes qui fréquentent des cliniques des soins prénatals dans des hôpitaux du district de Brikama et la Maternité et l‘Hôpital des enfants à Bandung, qui ont donné leur consentement, ont participé à cette étude. L'instrument de collecte de données était un questionnaire administré par un intervieweur. Les données ont été analysées à l'aide d'IBM SPSS pour Windows, la version 21.0. Le niveau de signification a été fixé à p <0,05. Toutes les interviewées étaient au courant du VIH / sida et leur principale source d‘information était les fournisseurs de soins de santé. Cependant, la plupart d'entre elles 263 (93,9%) avaient une faible connaissance des IST. Le niveau d'éducation (p<0,001) et le statut professionnel (p = 0,001), avaient une association significative avec le niveau de connaissance des IST. Cette étude a également identifié le faible niveau d'éducation [AOR: 0,04 (IC 95%: 0,01 - 0,35)] et le chômage [AOR: 21,97 (IC 95%: 1,57 - 306,65)] comme facteurs prédictifs statistiquement significatifs d'un faible niveau de connaissance des IST chez les interviewées. Il est nécessaire de mener des campagnes dans les médias et de prendre d‘autres mesures de santé publique visant à accroître la connaissance des IST, car cela annoncera des stratégies d‘intervention efficaces en matière de prévention des IST.Keywords: Knowledge, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Pregnant women, Antenatal Clinic, The GambiaAfr J Reprod Health 2019; 23[3]: 49-56
Injection safety practices among nursing staff of mission hospitals in Benin City, Nigeria
No full textBackground/Objective of the study: Injection safety has over the years
become important in view of the many diseases that are transmitted
through unsafe injection practice. The objective was to assess the
knowledge and practice of injection safety by nurses in mission
hospitals in Benin City, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive
cross-sectional study was carried out. A structured
interviewer-administered questionnaire was the tool for data
collection. All the nurses (122) who gave their consent in the mission
hospitals were studied. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 32.0 ± 8.9 years. The
knowledge of injection safety among the respondents was poor (55.7%)
while their practice of it was found to be good (48.4%) and excellent
(47.5%). Knowledge was significantly influenced by the age, sex, and
years of experience of the nurses. Twenty-eight (23.0%) and 40 (32.8%)
respondents recap used needles regularly and sometimes respectively.
Majority (71 [58.2%]) of the respondents had sustained needle stick
injuries but only 4 (0.6%) respondents had a postexposure prophylaxis.
Conclusion: This study showed that the knowledge of injection safety
was poor among the nurses in mission hospitals in Benin City but their
practice of injection safety was encouraging. There is need for the
mission hospitals to organize regular training workshops on injection
safety to improve the knowledge and practice of injection safety among
their nurses
Health seeking behaviour among caregivers of under-five children in Edo State, Nigeria
No full textAim: Timely and appropriate healthcare seeking behaviours if practiced by caregivers of under-five children can have a significant impact on child survival. This study assessed the knowledge of, and general health seeking practices among mothers of under-five children in Nigeria.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among caregivers of under-five children in Edo State, Nigeria, in 2013. A multi-staged sampling technique was used to recruit respondents. Data collection was done by means of a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire adapted from UNICEF/IMCI household baseline survey questionnaire.Results: A total of 370 caregivers (mean age: 31.1±5.9 years) participated in the study. Almost all of them were females 368 (99.5%), 234 (63.2%) had secondary education and 283 (76.5%) were in the unskilled social class. Over 70%, 76%, 72%, 76% and 82% of participants did not know that being unable to eat/drink, fast breathing, blood in stool and convulsion, respectively, were symptoms of a child not feeling well. The place of primary care of children by caregivers was at home 142 (38.4%), chemist shop 91 (24.6%) and health facility 80 (21.6%). Cost and long waiting time were major reasons for not seeking care in health facilities.Conclusion: This study showed poor health seeking practices among caregivers of under-five children in Edo State, Nigeria. There should be continuous education of caregivers on recognition of danger signs in children and the need to seek appropriate medical care in health facilities
Injection safety practices among nursing staff of mission hospitals in Benin City, Nigeria
No full textBackground/Objective of the study: Injection safety has over the years
become important in view of the many diseases that are transmitted
through unsafe injection practice. The objective was to assess the
knowledge and practice of injection safety by nurses in mission
hospitals in Benin City, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive
cross-sectional study was carried out. A structured
interviewer-administered questionnaire was the tool for data
collection. All the nurses (122) who gave their consent in the mission
hospitals were studied. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 32.0 ± 8.9 years. The
knowledge of injection safety among the respondents was poor (55.7%)
while their practice of it was found to be good (48.4%) and excellent
(47.5%). Knowledge was significantly influenced by the age, sex, and
years of experience of the nurses. Twenty-eight (23.0%) and 40 (32.8%)
respondents recap used needles regularly and sometimes respectively.
Majority (71 [58.2%]) of the respondents had sustained needle stick
injuries but only 4 (0.6%) respondents had a postexposure prophylaxis.
Conclusion: This study showed that the knowledge of injection safety
was poor among the nurses in mission hospitals in Benin City but their
practice of injection safety was encouraging. There is need for the
mission hospitals to organize regular training workshops on injection
safety to improve the knowledge and practice of injection safety among
their nurses
Development and characterisation of traceable force measurement for nanotechnology
No full textTraceable low force metrology should be an essential tool for nanotechnology. Traceable
measurement of micro- and nanonewton forces would allow independent measurement
and comparison on material properties, MEMS behaviour and nanodimensional measurement
uncertainties. Yet the current traceability infrastructure in the UK is incomplete.
This thesis describes the incremental development of the low force facility at the National
Physical Laboratory (NPL).
The novel contribution of this thesis has three components. First, specific modifications
to the NPL Low Force Balance were undertaken. This involved developing novel or
highly modified solutions to address key issues, as well as undertaking detailed comparions
with external ans internal traceability references. Second, a triskelion force sensor flexure
was proposed and mathematically modelled using both analytical and finite element techniques,
and compared to experimentally measured spring constant estimates. The models
compared satisfactorily, though fabrication defects in developed prototype artefacts limited
the experimental confirmation of the models. Third, a piezoelectric sensor approach for quasistatic
force measurement was proposed, experimentally evaluated and rejected. Finally, an
improved design for a low force transfer artefact system is presented, harnessing the findings
of the reported investigations. The proposed design combines proven strain-sensing technology
with the advantageous triskelion flexure, incorporating an external stage and packaging
aspects to achieve the requirements for a traceable low force transfer artefact
Global perspective of familial hypercholesterolaemia: a cross-sectional study from the EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC)
No full textEAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC): Antonio J Vallejo-Vaz, Christophe A T Stevens, Alexander R M Lyons, Kanika I Dharmayat, Tomas Freiberger, G Kees Hovingh, Pedro Mata, Frederick J Raal, Raul D Santos, Handrean Soran, Gerald F Watts, Marianne Abifadel, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Khalid F Alhabib, Mutaz Alkhnifsawi, Wael Almahmeed, Fahad Alnouri, Rodrigo Alonso, Khalid Al-Rasadi, Ahmad Al-Sarraf, Nasreen Al-Sayed, Francisco Araujo, Tester F Ashavaid, Maciej Banach, Sophie Béliard, Marianne Benn, Christoph J Binder, Martin P Bogsrud, Mafalda Bourbon, Krzysztof Chlebus, Pablo Corral, Kairat Davletov, Olivier S Descamps, Ronen Durst, Marat Ezhov, Dan Gaita, Jacques Genest, Urh Groselj, Mariko Harada-Shiba, Kirsten B Holven, Meral Kayikcioglu, Weerapan Khovidhunkit, Katarina Lalic, Gustavs Latkovskis, Ulrich Laufs, Evangelos Liberopoulos, Marcos M Lima-Martinez, Jie Lin, Vincent Maher, A David Marais, Winfried März, Erkin Mirrakhimov, André R Miserez, Olena Mitchenko, Hapizah Nawawi, Børge G Nordestgaard, Andrie G Panayiotou, György Paragh, Zaneta Petrulioniene, Belma Pojskic, Arman Postadzhiyan, Katarina Raslova, Ashraf Reda, Željko Reiner, Fouzia Sadiq, Wilson Ehidiamen Sadoh, Heribert Schunkert, Aleksandr B Shek, Mario Stoll, Erik Stroes, Ta-Chen Su, Tavintharan Subramaniam, Andrey V Susekov, Myra Tilney, Brian Tomlinson, Thanh Huong Truong, Alexandros D Tselepis, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Alejandra Vázquez Cárdenas, Margus Viigimaa, Luya Wang, Shizuya Yamashita, John J P Kastelein, Eric Bruckert, Branislav Vohnout, Laura Schreier, Jing Pang, Christoph Ebenbichler, Hans Dieplinger, Reinhold Innerhofer, Yvonne Winhofer-Stöckl, Susanne Greber-Platzer, Konstantin Krychtiuk, Walter Speidl, Hermann Toplak, Kurt Widhalm, Thomas Stulnig, Kurt Huber, Florian Höllerl, Gersina Rega-Kaun, Lucas Kleemann, Martin Mäser, Sabine Scholl-Bürgi, Christoph Säly, Florian J Mayer, Gaelle Sablon, Eric Tarantino, Charlotte Nzeyimana, Lamija Pojskic, Ibrahim Sisic, Azra D Nalbantic, Cinthia E Jannes, Alexandre C Pereira, Jose E Krieger, Ivo Petrov, Assen Goudev, Fedya Nikolov, Snejana Tisheva, Yoto Yotov, Ivajlo Tzvetkov, Alexis Baass, Jean Bergeron, Sophie Bernard, Diane Brisson, Liam R Brunham, Lubomira Cermakova, Patrick Couture, Gordon A Francis, Daniel Gaudet, Robert A Hegele, Etienne Khoury, G B John Mancini, Brian W McCrindle, Martine Paquette, Isabelle Ruel, Ada Cuevas, Sylvia Asenjo, Xumin Wang, Kang Meng, Xiantao Song, Qiang Yong, Tao Jiang, Ziyou Liu, Yanyu Duan, Jing Hong, Pucong Ye, Yan Chen, Jianguang Qi, Zesen Liu, Yuntao Li, Chaoyi Zhang, Jie Peng, Ya Yang, Wei Yu, Qian Wang, Hui Yuan, Shitong Cheng, Long Jiang, Mei Chong, Jian Jiao, Yue Wu, Wenhui Wen, Liyuan Xu, Ruiying Zhang, Yichen Qu, Jianxun He, Xuesong Fan, Zhenjia Wang, Elaine Chow, Ivan Pećin, Dražen Perica, Phivos Symeonides, Michal Vrablik, Richard Ceska, Vladimir Soska, Lukas Tichy, Vera Adamkova, Jana Franekova, Renata Cifkova, Pavel Kraml, Katerina Vonaskova, Jana Cepova, Magdalena Dusejovska, Lenka Pavlickova, Vladimir Blaha, Hana Rosolova, Barbora Nussbaumerova, Roman Cibulka, Helena Vaverkova, Lubica Cibickova, Zdenka Krejsova, Katerina Rehouskova, Pavel Malina, Milena Budikova, Vaclava Palanova, Lucie Solcova, Alena Lubasova, Helena Podzimkova, Juraj Bujdak, Jiri Vesely, Marta Jordanova, Tomas Salek, Robin Urbanek, Stanislav Zemek, Jan Lacko, Hana Halamkova, Sona Machacova, Sarka Mala, Eva Cubova, Katerina Valoskova, Lukas Burda, Ahmed Bendary, Ihab Daoud, Sameh Emil, Atef Elbahry, Samir Rafla, Osama Sanad, Ghada Kazamel, Mohamed Ashraf, Mohamed Sobhy, Amro El-Hadidy, Mohamed A Shafy, Saif Kamal, Mohamed Bendary, Grete Talviste, Denis Angoulvant, Franck Boccara, Bertrand Cariou, Valérie Carreau, Alain Carrie, Sybil Charrieres, Yves Cottin, Mathilde Di-Fillipo, Pierre H Ducluzeau, Sonia Dulong, Vincent Durlach, Michel Farnier, Emile Ferrari, Dorota Ferrieres, Jean Ferrieres, Antonio Gallo, Regis Hankard, Jocelyne Inamo, Julie Lemale, Philippe Moulin, François Paillard, Noel Peretti, Agnès Perrin, Alain Pradignac, Jean P Rabes, Vincent Rigalleau, Ariane Sultan, François Schiele, Patrick Tounian, René Valero, Bruno Verges, Cécile Yelnik, Olivier Ziegler, Ira A Haack, Nina Schmidt, Alexander Dressel, Isabel Klein, Jutta Christmann, Antonia Sonntag, Christine Stumpp, Diana Boger, Dana Biedermann, Monica M N Usme, F Ulrich Beil, Gerald Klose, Christel König, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold, Britta Otte, Gereon Böll, Anja Kirschbaum, Jürgen Merke, Johannes Scholl, Thomas Segiet, Marco Gebauer, Florentina Predica, Manfred Mayer, Frank Leistikow, Sabine Füllgraf-Horst, Cornelius Müller, Melanie Schüler, Judith Wiener, Konrad Hein, Peter Baumgartner, Stefan Kopf, Reinhold Busch, Michael Schömig, Stephan Matthias, Nicole Allendorf-Ostwald, Bruno Fink, Dieter Böhm, Alexander Jäkel, Ann-Cathrin Koschker, Rüdiger Schweizer, Anja Vogt, Klaus Parhofer, Wolfgang König, Wibke Reinhard, Andrea Bäßler, Alexander Stadelmann, Volker Schrader, Julius Katzmann, Adrienne Tarr, Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen, Ursula Kassner, Gerret Paulsen, Jürgen Homberger, Claudia Zemmrich, Wolfgang Seeger, Kathrin Biolik, Dorothee Deiss, Corinna Richter, Elina Pantchechnikova, Elena Dorn, Ulrike Schatz, Ulrich Julius, Antje Spens, Tobias Wiesner, Michael Scholl, Christos V Rizos, Nikolaos Sakkas, Moses Elisaf, Ioannis Skoumas, Konstantinos Tziomalos, Loukianos Rallidis, Vasileios Kotsis, Michalis Doumas, Vasileios Athyros, Emmanouil Skalidis, Genovefa Kolovou, Anastasia Garoufi, Eleni Bilianou, Iosif Koutagiar, Dimitrios Agapakis, Estela Kiouri, Christina Antza, Niki Katsiki, Evangelos Zacharis, Achilleas Attilakos, George Sfikas, Charalambos Koumaras, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Georgia Anastasiou, George Liamis, Amalia-Despoina Koutsogianni, Zsolt Karányi, Mariann Harangi, László Bajnok, Mária Audikovszky, László Márk, Béla Benczúr, István Reiber, Gergely Nagy, András Nagy, Lakshmi L Reddy, Swarup A V Shah, Chandrashekhar K Ponde, Jamshed J Dalal, Jitendra P S Sawhney, Ishwar C Verma, Mays Altaey, Khalid Al-Jumaily, Dilshad Rasul, Ali F Abdalsahib, Amer A Jabbar, Mohanad Al-Ageedi, Ruth Agar, Hofit Cohen, Avishay Ellis, Dov Gavishv, Dror Harats, Yaacov Henkin, Hila Knobler, Leah Leavit, Eran Leitersdorf, Ardon Rubinstein, Daniel Schurr, Shoshi Shpitzen, Auryan Szalat, Manuela Casula, Veronica Zampoleri, Marta Gazzotti, Elena Olmastroni, Riccardo Sarzani, Claudio Ferri, Elena Repetti, Carlo Sabbà, Antonio Carlo Bossi, Claudio Borghi, Sandro Muntoni, Francesco Cipollone, Francesco Purrello, Arturo Pujia, Angelina Passaro, Rossella Marcucci, Valerio Pecchioli, Livia Pisciotta, Giuseppe Mandraffino, Fabio Pellegatta, Giuliana Mombelli, Adriana Branchi, Anna Maria Fiorenza, Cristina Pederiva, Josè Pablo Werba, Gianfranco Parati, Francesca Carubbi, Lorenzo Iughetti, Arcangelo Iannuzzi, Gabriella Iannuzzo, Paolo Calabrò, Maurizio Averna, Giacomo Biasucci, Sabina Zambon, Anna Rita Roscini, Chiara Trenti, Marcello Arca, Massimo Federici, Maria Del Ben, Andrea Bartuli, Andrea Giaccari, Antonio Pipolo, Nadia Citroni, Ornella Guardamagna, Katia Bonomo, Andrea Benso, Gianni Biolo, Lorenzo Maroni, Alessandro Lupi, Luca Bonanni, Maria Grazia Zenti, Kota Matsuki, Mika Hori, Masatsune Ogura, Daisaku Masuda, Takuya Kobayashi, Kumiko Nagahama, Mohammed Al-Jarallah, Mirjana Radovic, Olga Lunegova, Erkayim Bektasheva, Elyor Khodzhiboboev, Andrejs Erglis, Dainus Gilis, Georgijs Nesterovics, Vita Saripo, Ruta Meiere, Arta Upena-RozeMicena, Elizabete Terauda, Selim Jambart, Petra E Khoury, Sandy Elbitar, Carine Ayoub, Youmna Ghaleb, Urte Aliosaitiene, Sandra Kutkiene, Noor A M Kasim, Noor S M Nor, Anis S Ramli, Suraya A Razak, Alyaa Al-Khateeb, Siti H S A Kadir, Suhaila A Muid, Thuhairah A Rahman, Sazzli S Kasim, Ahmad B M Radzi, Khairul S Ibrahim, Salmi Razali, Zaliha Ismail, Rohana A Ghani, Muhammad I A Hafidz, Ang L Chua, Marshima M Rosli, Muthukkaruppan Annamalai, Lay K Teh, Rafezah Razali, Yung A Chua, Azhari Rosman, Abdul R Sanusi, Nor A A Murad, A Rahman A Jamal, Sukma A Nazli, Aimi Z Razman, Norhidayah Rosman, Radzi Rahmat, Nur S Hamzan, C Azzopardi, Roopa Mehta, Alexandro J Martagon, Gabriela A G Ramirez, Neftali E A Villa, Arsenio V Vazquez, Daniel Elias-Lopez, Gustavo G Retana, Betsabel Rodriguez, Jose J C Macías, Alejandro R Zazueta, Rocio M Alvarado, Julieta D M Portano, Humberto A Lopez, Leobardo Sauque-Reyna, Laura G G Herrera, Luis E S Mendia, Humberto Garcia Aguilar, Elizabeth R Cooremans, Berenice P Aparicio, Victoria M Zubieta, Perla A C Gonzalez, Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo, Nacu C Portilla, Guadalupe J Dominguez, Alinna Y R Garcia, Hector E A Cazares, Jesus R Gonzalez, Carla V M Valencia, Francisco G Padilla, Ramon M Prado, Manuel O De Los Rios Ibarra, Ruy D A Villicaña, Karina J A Rivera, Ricardo A Carrera, Jose A Alvarez, Jose C A Martinez, Manuel de Los Reyes Barrera Bustillo, Gonzalo C Vargas, Roberto C Chacon, Mario H F Andrade, Ashanty F Ortega, Hector G Alcala, Laura E G de Leon, Berenice G Guzman, Jose J G Garcia, Juan C G Cuellar, Jose R G Cruz, Anell Hernandez Garcia, Jesus R H Almada, Ursulo J Herrera, Fabiola L Sobrevilla, Eduardo M Rodriguez, Cristina M Sibaja, Alma B M Rodriguez, Jose C M Oyervides, Daniel I P Vazquez, Eduardo A R Rodriguez, Ma L R Osorio, Juan R Saucedo, Margarita T Tamayo, Luis A V Talavera, Luis E V Arroyo, Eloy A Z Carrillo, Alphonsus Isara, Darlington E Obaseki, Khalid Al-Waili, Fahad Al-Zadjali, Ibrahim Al-Zakwani, Mohammed Al-Kindi, Suad Al-Mukhaini, Hamida Al-Barwani, Asim Rana, Lahore S U Shah, Ewa Starostecka, Agnieszka Konopka, Joanna Lewek, Marcin Bartłomiejczyk, Mariusz Gąsior, Krzysztof Dyrbuś, Jacek Jóźwiak, Marcin Gruchała, Marcin Pajkowski, Marzena Romanowska-Kocejko, Marta Żarczyńska-Buchowiecka, Magdalena Chmara, Bartosz Wasąg, Aleksandra Parczewska, Natasza Gilis-Malinowska, Justyna Borowiec-Wolna, Aneta Stróżyk, Marlena Woś, Aleksandra Michalska-Grzonkowska, Ana M Medeiros, Ana C Alves, Francisco Silva, Goreti Lobarinhas, Isabel Palma, Jose P de Moura, Miguel T Rico, Quitéria Rato, Patrícia Pais, Susana Correia, Oana Moldovan, Maria J Virtuoso, Jose M Salgado, Ines Colaço, Andreea Dumitrescu, Calin Lengher, Svetlana Mosteoru, Alexey Meshkov, Alexandra Ershova, Tatiana Rozkova, Victoria Korneva, Kuznetsova T Yu, Vitaliy Zafiraki, Mikhail Voevoda, Victor Gurevich, Dmitry Duplyakov, Yulia Ragino, Maya Safarova, Igor Shaposhnik, Fahmi Alkaf, Alia Khudari, Nawal Rwaili, Faisal Al-Allaf, Mohammad Alghamdi, Mohammed A Batais, Turky H Almigbal, Abdulhalim Kinsara, Ashraf H A AlQudaimi, Zuhier Awan, Omer A Elamin, Hani Altaradi, Natasa Rajkovic, Ljiljana Popovic, Sandra Singh, Ljubica Stosic, Iva Rasulic, Nebojsa M Lalic, Carolyn Lam, Tan J Le, Eric L T Siang, Sanjaya Dissanayake, Justin T I-Shing, Tai E Shyong, Terrance C S Jin, Karin Balinth, Ingrid Buganova, Lubomira Fabryova, Michaela Kadurova, Alexander Klabnik, Miriam Kozárová, Jana Sirotiakova, Tadej Battelino, Jernej Kovac, Matej Mlinaric, Ursa Sustar, Katarina T Podkrajsek, Zlatko Fras, Borut Jug, Matija Cevc, Gillian J Pilcher, D J Blom, K H Wolmarans, B C Brice, Ovidio Muñiz-Grijalvo, Jose L Díaz-Díaz, Leopoldo P de Isla, Francisco Fuentes, Lina Badimon, François Martin, Angela Lux, Nien-Tzu Chang, Poranee Ganokroj, Mehmet Akbulut, Gökhan Alici, Fahri Bayram, Levent H Can, Ahmet Celik, Ceyhun Ceyhan, Fatma Y Coskun, Mesut Demir, Sabri Demircan, Volkan Dogan, Emre Durakoglugil, Ibrahim E Dural, Omer Gedikli, Aysa Hacioglu, Muge Ildizli, Salih Kilic, Bahadir Kirilmaz, Merih Kutlu, Aytekin Oguz, Oner Ozdogan, Ersel Onrat, Savas Ozer, Tevfik Sabuncu, Tayfun Sahin, Fatih Sivri, Alper Sonmez, Ahmet Temizhan, Selim Topcu, Abdullah Tuncez, Mirac Vural, Mustafa Yenercag, Dilek Yesilbursa, Zerrin Yigit, Aytul B Yildirim, Aylin Yildirir, Mehmet B Yilmaz, Bassam Atallah, Mahmoud Traina, Hani Sabbour, Dana A Hay, Neama Luqman, Abubaker Elfatih, Arshad Abdulrasheed, See Kwok, Nicolas D Oca, Ximena Reyes, Rano B Alieva, Ravshanbek D Kurbanov, Shavkat U Hoshimov, Ulugbek I Nizamov, Adolat V Ziyaeva, Guzal J Abdullaeva, Doan L Do, Mai N T Nguyen, Ngoc T Kim, Thanh T Le, Hong A Le, Lale Tokgozoglu, Alberico L Catapano, Kausik K RayEAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC): Mafalda Bourbon (INSA)Background: The European Atherosclerosis Society Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) global registry provides a platform for the global surveillance of familial hypercholesterolaemia through harmonisation and pooling of multinational data. In this study, we aimed to characterise the adult population with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and described how it is detected and managed globally.
Methods: Using FHSC global registry data, we did a cross-sectional assessment of adults (aged 18 years or older) with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of probable or definite heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia at the time they were entered into the registries. Data were assessed overall and by WHO regions, sex, and index versus non-index cases.
Findings: Of the 61 612 individuals in the registry, 42 167 adults (21 999 [53·6%] women) from 56 countries were included in the study. Of these, 31 798 (75·4%) were diagnosed with the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria, and 35 490 (84·2%) were from the WHO region of Europe. Median age of participants at entry in the registry was 46·2 years (IQR 34·3-58·0); median age at diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia was 44·4 years (32·5-56·5), with 40·2% of participants younger than 40 years when diagnosed. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors increased progressively with age and varied by WHO region. Prevalence of coronary disease was 17·4% (2·1% for stroke and 5·2% for peripheral artery disease), increasing with concentrations of untreated LDL cholesterol, and was about two times lower in women than in men. Among patients receiving lipid-lowering medications, 16 803 (81·1%) were receiving statins and 3691 (21·2%) were on combination therapy, with greater use of more potent lipid-lowering medication in men than in women. Median LDL cholesterol was 5·43 mmol/L (IQR 4·32-6·72) among patients not taking lipid-lowering medications and 4·23 mmol/L (3·20-5·66) among those taking them. Among patients taking lipid-lowering medications, 2·7% had LDL cholesterol lower than 1·8 mmol/L; the use of combination therapy, particularly with three drugs and with proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 inhibitors, was associated with a higher proportion and greater odds of having LDL cholesterol lower than 1·8 mmol/L. Compared with index cases, patients who were non-index cases were younger, with lower LDL cholesterol and lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases (all p<0·001).
Interpretation: Familial hypercholesterolaemia is diagnosed late. Guideline-recommended LDL cholesterol concentrations are infrequently achieved with single-drug therapy. Cardiovascular risk factors and presence of coronary disease were lower among non-index cases, who were diagnosed earlier. Earlier detection and greater use of combination therapies are required to reduce the global burden of familial hypercholesterolaemia.Pfizer, Amgen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Sanofi-Aventis, Daiichi Sankyo, and Regeneron.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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B. W. CHABLK* *-e JOflgFft II. TIMWONS
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Ba-f-nJ as tac-tj—tUI*** nallx. AptUi, ., ■;.. at '
**r—tr_..l !»_■ A_a,C*l. aa*-*** _> --■ J 1'HTI'
sagtsta at Man* J, •***.
SatMcrtjitloa lUtea:
Fsr yaar tin sdrsno*) , . — ..1.10
Slngl* copies * 01
TOWN OFFICI \L PAPER
KRIDAT, OCTOBER «, 1I0C
la th* csmpslgn for congrsa* tb*
DemocraU har* not thu* l*r present
ed oa* valid reason why tb* majority
of tbs touts of thU couotry should
"-apart from lb* course which hs*
been followed In every coogiesslonsl
•lection alue* tho -4th congress
earn* Into existence. The coming
•lection is for tb* ("th eoogres* snd
la every tetervenlng election a m*.
Jorily of ths voters bars determined
that lh* Repuhllcans ,*houl.1 control
tbs bouse of r*pree*&Ullva*. Tbe
Majority rssched thst determination
after the dltuuttou. «sperlence thi
SOBBtrr hsd wllh lbs -Id snd 51d
eongresa. Tba wisdom of tb* action
aaa been shown la lb* eaai tmt-nl of
-fSW* »**A~r w*.!-!* It l.— I....... ..,—!-
Ma for Industry and production in
roach a stag* of prosperity never befor* is pert* need. Wise Uws hav..
abetted aatnral condition* aad tbe
raault haa been beneficial to every
dass of the population.
The IMmocraU would natural)-,
Uk* to be la power, bui thoy are not
gtvtng tn tbe thoughtful lndspend.nl
eotera of tb* couotry good reason
iter a rtai**,*;. T_s rJef-ocrat*: __tc
ao particular policies to advocate.
Tbey ratae a great clamor about the
trvsU, how pernicious they ar* aad
what tbs DsmocrsU would do tn
curb tbem. But, ss a matter ot fact,
tbs Itepubllcan psrty haa bees actually curbing the truaU, Instead of
merely promising to de It The record of the Republican congress and
th* Republican administration In
that particular ess not be gainsaid
aor denied Tho record la there. In
black snd white oa tbe books ol the
court, allowing tfae .plendld work
dono by tfae administration.
Bo of what avail Is this clamor of
ths DemotraU that thsy should be
pat Ib power to go after tbe trusts
Tbe parly Ib power la "going after
them," snd hss already bagged e
aumbir of them, as ths record shows.
Th*r* sre other rital questiooa ol
legisIatloB to ba passed upon by eon-
gross, snd tha election of a Demo.
cratlo houss would binder rather
tbaa h*lp tn that regard The in-m-
ocrats. It tbey carried the house,
would be without i-Mpoaslfallltjr ami
without pow*r, though aol without
th* opportunity for mlschUf-making,
Which might prcv* disastrous to all
buslnoaa and Industry 'throughout
tbe couotry.
However we may figure market
value, whether we Uk* tlie figure**
of purch.se* alone, or double them
by Including both **!*• ...ul pur
chsse-, wo are Tory aafe In making
tha .Uloni.nt tbat tb* homo marke;
aad Internal commarce of tho United
Stat** U fully thre* tlm** ta value
th* entire marksU of tbe world for
foreign pro-ucU even Including our
own share or tbst foreign cora-
merro. Iu othar word*. If w* could
sell sll tb* goods thst sr* purchas*-
la awry fprelgn port un tbo face of
th* globe. It would he only shout
one-UIrd tb* valu. of our own home
mark*i and internal commerce.
As Speaker Cannon put It. "But It
I* absolutely uscesiary before there
can be a contest atnul a dlvUtoa of
pfofiU that there should he profit.
to divide. There was but htti-
profit to divide under the laat admln-
t.tralioti of IIrover Cleveland. Tborr-
was much profit to divide under the
admtaUtrsUoa of William McKlnlty,
-:v: . ;■-,:-;;; ■■—;"*.
i.i.i i' i,-mn citizen H *******%
OVKH ADMINISTRATION WOKS.
I.i- Thre*-, Olilett. Hell ami lasng-
■'.■■,., Sll ill t-r—B I l.rli, i- .,
Agony Wilt Ko&a IU- (Her.
(Special Correspondence.l
Han Frsdclsco, Oct. 16 When
college boys .tag "Here's to the girl
who gets s kiss aad goes snd tells
h**e mother- may *be ((*«• one] *}\o
old msld snd never get snolhei
they Impose a maximum penalty for
giving a good thing sway and
best government oar city ever had"
1* going to venalii* Messrs. Mac-
strsttl sad Reagan for preaching
Prank lleney. the bogle man. 1. aftar "lb* best on**" and Senator
Burton of Kansas, now In an eastern penitentiary, msy hope for tbe
conviction uf MatntretU'. son. ar-
rceUd for .booting Crap*. Tb* four
year* a Herman traitor got for trying to sell cartridge secrets to Prsnce
','•'• law nuUiinn ••> .-*. u.iitut iion.iti n
plan of holding up tbe aaUrl** of
th* wandering district Btlarosy and
hi* arrant deputla*. Than tb* four
bad teacher, wbo censured th*
srhool board may have to appeal to
tbe court, ror reinstatement.
The Relief Corporation had barely
r*cov*r*d from tbe Titanic combat
of Captain KllUn s&d CltUes Moran.
bleb the Utters bold oo tbe relief i ii ti it ■ waa ionaaneo, man tna r. i.
iiKnes refused lo pay runt and took
forclbln possession of some cottage*,
urged thereto by a Udy refugee who
wore diamonds The poor people
bad heard thai there wss two million
In the treasury sod more to come
snd thst twelve relief sulsa hsd beau
sold, leaving only one for the official..
Downey Harvey, of the Ocean
Shore Railway. lelU me that in a
ahort time hla cara will be running,
hut he baa nnt aaked lor a svur track
tweuly-ono blocks long, nor has he
expreased aa opinion of Judge Cab-
ant*** fining tbe l'nited Railway.
1*00 for running car* without tea-
dent, * fine proporilooately like tha
rebate fin* or the New York Coutr.l.
Th* big three, tlillett. Bell snd
Langdon, ars with us thU week, covered with scars and wound* received
In the Southland because thousands
told tbem thst thsy were going lo
win snd candidate, unfortunately
hear only one aide. Ib Juat two
week, th* agony wtll be over and
two will be wiser sad sadder men
and In a poaltioa to realise what a
aad lack of vorarlty there U among
rltltena who shah., the hand ot
candidate, with the remark "I am
going to vote for you, sod so ars my
sisters and cousins sad sunt*." It Is
said lhat Olilett and Bell will wis
becauss they are Eagle*, but lb*
friend, of latngdon, U-ais and
BUncfasrd aay Ibny too ara birds,
white Oovernor Pardee, back from
tbe big mining congress, sings low
snd give* bo stga.
Kill tor Dana one* wrole or Ortirer
'lowland thst he wna s good man
and weighed IM i„.nud«. sad the
could be written ot C. M. Ham-
nond. RooaeveH*. broth*»la*Uw.
Is opposing Sen.tor A, n. Ban-
ford in the Fourth Senatorial District. Hammond waa a Harvard
oarsnUn. six rcot three Inches In
height, carries his bulk as na athlete should aad propose* to rua .
hot race with hi. wiry opponent
The supremo' court hs* prevented
the plan of well-intentioned men io
knock out ths voting machlae. by
(Continued from page one.)
Olilett replied, "bnt I brought the
girls in meet ytnu," asd she Intro-,
dured the bevy of them.
Con are-tarn an OHIcti wa. accom.
[■unlet! by Congressman Hayea and J
O. Hays*. II* spoke trom an at-tn
mobile under th* oaks. Hundredi
of ritlieas were fntrodu-N-d to bin
and when Ibere was bo one to In
troduro them ihey crowded
and shook bands with him aod wished
him success
John MelUIn ami Oaorge C Roe*.
of ReJwood City, were wsltltag tn a
flag-bedo^ked nutomoblle of Peter-
WANTS
CLASSIFIED
WANTED
Wanted—Good delivery man. Ad-
•jjj"., dross Box "R." Time*. It
W*nl*d—Young man to go to
work ror Palo Alto Oaa Company.
Good wage., eight hoar*. 14-tf
Wanted—Young man lo Isara to
son', to whirl tho Candidate awgy to j make ic* cream Good wag**. Ap*
ft**dwood City snd be was uahersd ■ plr at Wilson'*. JX-tf
away from tfae crowd a* *oon aa It]
was poaslbl* to break in upoa the
hBBds*iBklrg Ictec. From Red stood
t-ity be went to Ban Mateo, snd
thence lo San Praoclaoo, where h
will .peak tonight. Congreuiaan E. j w»nl*d—In .mail family, girl for
A. Hayes west with blm BBd win bct(.eo_rii bousswork. Wsgss. |Z* or
with him tonight at hi. Ssn m_* jjo. inqatre lift University at-
Wsnted—Room, with rsclIIUes
for besting, by youag lady, prefers-
. hi-, wa C__tp_*. |i«rwaS|.l, J, 1. A.I
[Tiro** office. l.-St*
tlBlserslty Bxpr***. 171 University
atsass PlKsa* Mack t«7. • **■
Call or pbone for apple, (sll
kinds), quince*, dried prune. Comp-
tons. St
-R-SSMAKI*.'- done very r*a*-»
ably. Mr* A. E. Morri*. tu Alau
etrmet-
Millinery—Trimming done to order. Materials worked over. 1.3
Homer sveaue. Phone Red 14T.
_*-_■!-
DO YOU WANT MONEY?
If ao aee th*
3. T. DUNN INVESTMENT CO.,
Ml Kaietsaa Mt.
Tbey bsv* aa abuBdaace aad will
loan yon any amount at market rates.
either flat or Investment loan.
rlseo meeting*
Shortly after
Olilett
arr I vet j
«-|a
Chsrle* R. Detrick Introduced Con.
Wanted—Good gent's wheel,
gressman Hayes, who told of aill--tl**|?l***1f- ..Ad*,^■,' .*,*"t.""_ ?r,c"**
faithful work In congre*. and pre-
[jtinii. Po*iofflr.e. Mvnlo Park.
ll H. GIBBON
Baa I' r _ m i.. -,
charing Agrtst.
Dally trips. Lbbt** t:Sl a. m
Agent for Thomas' Dyelag am
ClSBBlBg. Cars Crandall'. Cyclary
Pbons Blu* »S.
dieted thst the people of California
Id find ln blm a faithful govem-
11-IW*
Wanted—In law ofllc*, st**ogra-
Ho form.Hr lalroduted ths Rs-jphsr sad typewriter. Addrea* "Btea-
publican ataB-ila^dbearer to the sudt-jograpber" car* Palo Alto Time*, slat-
**n*-*. C-Kfii*****-_t__ _.l.e!l spobe i- :_. otpSTlB-li Ami wuvvuMtlvu ea-
p*rt a. Tollow*. pectad- I sir
"Thl* U a gre*t plea.uie lo me, *- ■'■———— - ...
to be wltb you people here In Pole Wanted—Stenographer aad type-
ARo under existing conditions. I - writer, young* maa or woman Ad-
C. DCTHIS COMPANY
Coatractltas; Pla__sr**s
411 Waverly aireet, Pbone White
111. Promptaeas sad good work-
...a..-;.:,. K„«.«_;..r.;
dross, staling *slsrr axpected aad experience, H O Hoi Iff. Palo Alto.
Cal. ll-tf
IS..
waa bare laat year for several week*
while my daughter lay alck la tba
hotpiui. I met aome of your cltl-
xoua then, but 1 was aot la a mood
to make o.w friends It Is fsr different sow sad I sm glad of tbe opportunity lo meet you.
I bars ;--'- ..'...;...: ....... t_*>
•outh, where I found * piopl* full' Sunny Proat Room.—With board,
of enthualaaro, onterprialng, a peopltlll Alma. SS-lm
who build cllies la a month. Tbey
have no calamity howlers and nearly all ot tbem sre Republican* Thsy
atked me what
Room, sod Board
btsbbs.
Lytton
s-ll-tX
GEO. H. BENTLEY
Co__-*-toe foe
0*fi*ral coatractor.
saw work, lastds sad oulslda,
promptly atts&dsd to. Eatlmat**
xtven. R**ld*oc* SIS Hamilton svs-
nu. Phon* ll*d til. Perceatage
rtXk dona
Por R-nt—Tao nice houeekeepln.-
I room., 101 Waverly. 35-3t«
hs people or Central pof Rent—Houaekeplng flat of
and Northern CalifornU would do at four rooms. 626 Emerson - SG-.t
tho polla, and I told them I be- j ■■■■ ■ ■_ ■■
lleied th* ic.u.t. would ahuw :ha":, Attttriy Proot Room—Downatslrs,
w. ot-the Central and Northern Call- electric light, near Atbbu*. 440
foraU are standing by th* party of Cowper ******- '**l»a
progress. i Tq f9nl w)U opUoi to __y--_mall
"Asl hsv.comenorihw.rd IhBTo!p,mtJlfA , „, hoMf- „ .
hsd big m*«tlngs everywhere sad thej pooBj,, Modsrn. Just built. Byron
enthusiasm of the south U equal lad f ttr#-t_ ittU off uyUon. Also nulls
by ths enthusiasm I find ber*. life* rooms. 531 Hom.r Ave A. W.
.11 soaa to show that whatever lh*,Bf.*- ulepboes Black ttt,
oppo*itloa may say th* people ar* I
loyal to the party In power, at tbm\ For Rent—r.rro of ■& acre*, i-ien-
. M. II. Bille i
» *
r.andscapt
(iardener
Ptoaa lllu. 111 J
PROFESSIONAL
ATTORNEYS
S. W. CHARLES
FREDERICK SCHNEIDER
,JO Ueivareitr arniM. Pale Aha,
Cat. l-h ..,. Main tb,
DENTISTS.
GEO. BLAKESLEY LITTLE
OSce. Uaa-o-Tloi,.
Palo Aim. Cal
A. A. MAC INTY.E,
I. I. s. I- i. a
Oreaaale Uaatal I*r—rt,n»at. Ual-
earaltr art PaasaaTlvaaJa. rhllartal-
phla. Poet OraalaaU Scjacaal et
Praeta.Uc Oamtletrr, AUamta, Oaaw-
(la. Haakat Pea Omtaata. CUeaca'
aetaool ol OTtLodootla. au. Ctvaxaae
iwaao&abl. Offlee, l-drar. bulldiajt
Palo Alto. Houra. »:I0 a-to. to ,:ie
MEDICAL
|
•j* Trees. Shrub*, PlanU sod y
p B*ed. Experienced men for £
•Jj all brsneb** of work. Contract K
J or day work. ,
R**ld*oce ITt Wsverly fit *
PAIaO AI.TO. CAL.
heed of which stsnd. Tht<odoru
Roosevelt.
"To tbe ~p*opl* ot thl* rich sad
prosperous, destined to grow rapidly
In populstloa, 1 waat to a**
It is Imperative la order tbat oar
aUte may remain prosperous sad
continue to grow tbat we shall Ut
ibe people of tbe east kaow tbat wa
bell**.* Ib progress and ar* loyal to
the party that hss given us prograss
■nd prosperity. I do oot believe oar
people will be so forgetful of their
beaefit* as to turn their backs oa th*
old Republican party snd dsllver the
governmeatr-lato lh* hand, of a party divided aBd quarr*!lBg among
themsalves. s party of Begatloa.
"While I stand here a. a r*pre-
•epUttre of the Republican party, If
I sm elected I ahall be governor of
alt th* people, rogardleaa of party or
of employmest. There are no string*
un me. No Influence can make mc
now the knee. I w*&t when my term
Is over to be able to go back among
tbe people snd look tbsm In Ihe
face snd be proud tbst I bavs asrrsl
them w
ord or which my children may be *****
proud. I fiel that here Ib beautiful
I'alo Alto where you hare auch peace
and order yon are my ft lend* and
loyal to the pact) of Roosevelt."
ty of water on both .Idee of ranch
larg* barn fur 9 bore** and 11 cow*,
wltb room for 100 tons of fasy: house
or 11 rooms, bard finished; beat
place ob coast tor chicken ralslog:
two miles rrom Msyfleld oa Page
mill road. Mrs. Murphy lO-H-lm*
FOR HAIJL
A fSOO PlBB*-
Alma street.
Por Sale— Fresh Holatala cow.
Addre*. Box (7. Menlo Park. IJ-lw*
Por Sale—A f.w thorougbbred
Oolden Rock cblckans 301 Warer-
|y; *I*o good cow. tg-lw*
Piano for Bal*—Relay plsao, good
as now. will be sold st big reduction
Apply bi Tims* offle*. tS-tf
For Sale-
17* Bryaat I
Fretb cow asd calf,
-**- Phone Bin* 111.
Ml
For Hal*—Thoroughbred broaie
turkey*, thoroughbred barred Plymouth hen* B&d pullets Mrs J. B
wsat to mak* a -**->!'*h. Saata Rita arvaue. below May-
17-lwc
YOV WILL NEVER MAKE A
MII4TAKE IF VOl* ENTItt'HT THE
MOVING OP *********** OOODB TO 1*8.
NOW IS THE TIME TO TEBT OVR
ABILITY TO SAVE TOV MONEY
AMi GIVE YOU 1- l 1,1. SATISFACTION wiiii our work, rr
DR. A. J. VILLAIN,
Ptrtyriciaa aad Bargsaa.
I_t* of Ban Fram-isco; boars: 1
to 4. BBd 7 to I p. m. Ofllc* sad
r a!dance, Hamilton aveoua sad Ramona .treet. Palo Alto. Cal. Tai
Red MT.
Messenger Service
BAN nUNCIBCO
Comm«BC!ag October let dally
trip*: Lame* t:tT trala. AH klads
of basts-asa trsaascted. Leave ot.
decs at Puller's Qroeer-y. Pboa*
Main M. sad tIS Channlng. Orders left la tbe MesssBger Box at
lbs Campua P. O win receive prompt
aUeatloa
O. M. ATKINSON
JOHN O. VARIAN
-cieotil-c Maaasg. aad
VU-n-osts.
Phystciaa* commend hi* irsstsMwt
Hours, ll lo 1*. I u .:*o, y te A
TriV|-hosse Red 1S4L ***** *
DR. WILLARD C. BEAN
OsttMspathlc PhyalcUa.
EaLECTlllCTn'. E1.ECTHIC LIGHT
B.ITUB.
Moaday. Wedaeaday aad Friday;
evealng* by Appointment. 4C0 High
■traet, near Untrarslty btvbu*. Pal*
Alto.
Tue.day. Thursday aad Saiard***-
eveBlBgs by appoinim.nt. i»0I De-
vUsdero atreet, ooTBar Pine. Saa
Franclaco.
'IrlrphutM- Wert o__7.
(ySTEOPATHIC
PHYSICIAN
DR. H. C PHELPS
OradBBte America* School of Oa-
teopalhy. Kirkt-ill.. Mo ill Vmt-
verslty ateau*. Craadall Balldlsg.
Hours I s. m. to g p. a ___aaj
Mala 7t. ExamlnaUOBB fr*e. Traat-
m*aU gives patlesU at bome If da-
*red. Lady attendant at ths offle*
at all houra.
MISCELLANEOUS.
-:-:-:
For Sal*— Fin sat buy aad Investment property ia Palo Alio. tl 1.100.
iBTeetlgat* and bs- convinced No
sgsnta No trifiera. Ow&sr, P. O.
I I 1 I I I 1 I I I I II I i H 111 ; Bog II. Mac
trust Uctlcs sad eschew green mova-i
ble hottaea
LOBT
and ther. U much profit to d.rid* BB- wl„ hive lo .tr^,,,,, „on(. wltn ool.
tier the administration of Theodore
Rooseveli. and Ubor on tin average
has beea receiving a larger share of
tbs profits in lacr-sanlng wsges every
year slava th* electioB of McKtaley."
having many tickets In tbe field, aad | lejo likewise by threatening lo Ilrem-
BOW two Of our* Judicial Incumbents rrion the lively tittle city unices ibe
lid I* dropped BBd Mare island em
l-.-t—Moonstone breastpin, clus-
HuiiBiiail* the Great ruled Psrt. ,ef< ?_,u#d M „ kmilMmktf nndw
wllh an irou hand and now Bona- WBdl, mutm Xo ,0( Waverly .treet
parte the !..-** la trying to rule Vsl-; R.WBr(j _5-.it.
G. H. MscMEEEIH
Plaao Tuner stsd Pig.Mm
Formerly of Shermsa, Clay A Co.. Is
worm uk iMPRi-nmrr por ■ ,oc*l*d *********** at «i *hmm-*m
: avenu.. Palo Alto, and gnarsateea
YOl TU Ml-vs THIS OPPORTUNITY i •*U''f**:-lou la all plaao work, in-
! cludlag th* polishing of piano ess**
OF ENTRUSTING YOUR TKAHKEH|
hoih sci:_:,^r(ioys.
Loat bat three days oa accouat ed
earthquake Thirty-third **m*at*r
open* August 17, 1I0«. Addre**
lp*l. W. J. Meredith
ItlHINK-HK TO US.
Brake mat] Fatally Hurt.
' P. R Riley, a Soulhein Pacific
brskeman, wss thrown from a freight
train st Mountain View at midnight
last night aad received probablr faul
Injuries. Oa* arm wa. taken off. his
left leg broken and bl. h«-.d severe!*,
gsshed. Ho U probably Injured internally also. Dr. Galea U sttendlni;
blm. Rltey'a borne is In Saa Franclaco.
We're
We've shorted up or word* a few,
Tho itc-hemi* la far from twaddle;
Progrraslv* young folk, say "skld-
doo."
Our grand air** aald "skedaddle "
—Detroit New*.
nominations Instead of alt. while
tho other two will have to ball!-*
with Police Judge* ronton and Mo
ksb on unequal terms. Perhaps the
til per ce&t Incompetent water-front
clerks conld fix the machine*.
Stanley Waterloo, of Chicago, who
wrole "The Story of Ah," ought not
complain because Jack London. In
"Before Adam." clothed ln belter
garb lb* Waterloo Ideas for the Socialist author sine-* hi. marrUge to;
1'hnlrmnu Klttrcdge, ot Berkeley. I
has Iniiir.ited In Intellectual and olh-j •*lp*yen**
or ralmenl. Itsnk Todd, of Berkeley, the deep-toned editor of our
Merchant R.rie-, «ho used to do
th* henries on the Chtrsgo psp*>r».
tell, me Ibst Waterloo Is better *d-
vrrlsod BOW than evor. Certainly
Bark***}- people ought not care, for
there i* aolhlng In either book about
peek-a-boo wgj.ts or klsslog the sick
ployvs kept rrom temputlon. He
could nut hsvn heard ur the good,
wurk of a Vallejo postmsrk tn hrlngv
Ing a Ulattourl criminal to book sad.
bl. chief may call blm down wben'
Vallejo i-alooameB refer lo Teddy's |
.pelting as "rotn"
Lost—-On University svesue. a
rliatn.it*. purse containing sixty-one
■ hi dollars. Finder plesae relurn to
Mlaa K M Krumbeck. 1C« Cnlvct.l-
ly avenue 20-tf
Ml-H Kl.MMat.U.
The special tale oa freah crop [
Ihe Tuxedo, 0f dried prune* continues st Comp-
Club msy give htm a go wllh Billy ,oa-B jt
Palo Alto Transfer Co.;-«
S2S ALMA STREE-I i1*** ,a*-^ ■*****-** ^-* *
Phone Main °0
Hallowe'en
Snallham from Nallcm.
Caa*
Cheer up.*
"you'll meet
foe Alarm.
said ihe preacher
iur six »l
Bread il.lner.il dally. Kreati.
pure and tsholcatinw. Del Moate
Bakery. Pboa* F**tW *t Co.. MaU
SI.
Apples I
I
Haltuwe'e* I* alne>*t beer.. J
Tulorlng la Praparstory Branch**,
1248 Waverly St., T*l Red 11
KINDERGARTEN
lO-ft [_)*_( •Mr.-.-l
Mr*. If, H. Jarksoa. |*rtacl|*al.
MIsa Flora Hire. \*m,„.,i T*>act*ter.
Children at a distance conveyed to
end from school
In.
Mr*. M. _, GatU will reopen her
dressmaking parlors st 310 Alma Sl.
Lord, man!" exclaimed the .ick -phOB, lM *-*. ts.lB1.
maa: "that's Ju.t what*, botherlt "
me." Atlanta Constltuiloa
- ccOBomlcsI profassors who adopt ton Post.
Heredity.
"He is loo overbearing snd
hsught** /or any use."
"That's due to prenatal lafiuence."
"Was bis fsther wealthy;"
No. be wss s policeman " —Hoa»-
Pt'RE MILK AND CRKAM de-
liTcred dally by the Palo Alto Cream-
err
llAIRDHKSSlN'V acalp iraatmant,
ra*nleuMng. electric .nd vtbrntory
facial masasg*. .hsmpoolng. Ml-.
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Mythologizing the transition : a comparative study of Bahram Beyzaee and Wolfe Soyinka
No full textBahram Beyzaee, the Iranian playwright, screenwriter and filmmaker, and Wole Soyinka, the Nigerian poet, playwright, and novelist have produced artistic works that transcend the limitations of time and locality to become powerful comments on human life and socio-political and cultural institutions. This research study examines the major themes and dramatic techniques of these two writers to demonstrate how, in two very different cultural settings, traditional modes and themes appear in modem art forms to renegotiate cultural identity. I argue that both writers place themselves in a post postcolonial position which rather than being concerned about 'writing back against the centre' reflects on the cultural shortcomings that leaves their people at the mercy of vicious internal and external forces. I also demonstrate how they demythologize the traditional superstitious beliefs that haunt the present, foreground the inauthenticity of the modern hybrid obsessions that distort everyday life in their countries and mythologize and glorify the positive aspects of history and contemporary life to redefine cultural identity in terms of the best their cultures can offer. The first two chapters give an account of the history of Iranian and Nigerian performance forms in the context of socio-political, cultural, literary and artistic movements and traditions. The third chapter proceeds to present a short discussion of the theatrical vision and themes of Beyzaee and Soyinka and embarks on a general comparison of the two writers. Chapter four is focused on Beyzaee and Soyinka's depiction of the intellectuals as sacrificial heroes whose death may initiate social purgation and cultural regeneration and liberation. Chapter five is less mythical and more sociopolitical. It is a reflection on the writers' portrayal of women in their works and their success or failure in transcending literary and cultural stereotypes in a world where the means of production and socio-economic facts and the cultural developments associated with them demand a rapid movement away from patriarchal values. Chapter six is devoted to the study of another major issue in the process of cultural transition, namely, redefining the position of ethnic minorities in the myth of nationhood. This last chapter is followed by a brief conclusion, discussing the results and the future possibilities of drama in the context of rapid transition
