1,720,987 research outputs found
Groin hernia surgery in women : outputs, factors, methods and cost-effectiveness
No full textThere is inequity in access to surgical treatment and quality of care globally and this is more pronounced in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) especially among women. Prioritizing treatment of common surgical conditions like groin hernias in LMICs would improve this aspect.Aims. The present aims were to assess groin hernia surgery outputs and practices in Uganda, to evaluate the relationship between parity and the incidence rate of groin hernia repair among women born in Sweden between 1956 and 1983, to compare the safety and effectiveness of open anterior mesh repair for groin hernia in adult women in Uganda to modified open anterior mesh repair through which both the inguinal and the femoral canal can be accessed and covered with a mesh flap. A further aim was to assess the cost and cost-effectiveness of the open anterior mesh repair in comparison to the modified open anterior mesh repair.Methods. Studies I, III and IV were carried out in Uganda. Study II was carried out in Sweden. Study I was a hospital-based observational study to retrospectively review theatre records for groin hernia repairs in 2013 and 2014, and a questionnaire interview for the surgical providers. Study II was a population-based cohort study among women born in Sweden between 1956 and 1983 in which the Swedish Hernia Register, and the National Medical Birth Register were cross- matched to identify groin hernia repairs after childbirth. The follow up period was until 31st December 2022. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios for inguinal and femoral hernia repairs were determined. Study III was a double- blinded randomized controlled trial among adult women in Uganda in which the safety and effectiveness of open anterior mesh repair were compared with those of modified open anterior mesh repair. Study IV was a cost-effectiveness study of the trial in Study III to compare the cost and cost-effectiveness of the two groin hernia repair methods.Results. Study I, found that 5518 groin hernia repairs were performed in 2013 and 2014, with an annual repair rate of 7/100, 000 population. Most of the repairs were performed by non- specialized surgeons using suture techniques and almost 16% of the repairs were performed in women. In Study II, the mean incidence of inguinal hernia repair was 10.7 per 100,000 person-year and 2.6 per 100,000 person-year for femoral hernia repairs. The incidence rate and the incidence rate ratios for both inguinal and femoral hernia repairs increased with the number of births. In Study III, altogether, 200 participants were included. Nearly 45% had a femoral hernia. At one-year follow-up, overall recurrence was 5.6% and overall wound complications at two weeks follow-up were 10.1%. In Study IV, the cost per DALY averted in the open anterior mesh repair was 292.0 (SD, 264.4) USD compared to 328.8 (SD, 284.2) USD in the modified open anterior mesh repair.In conclusion, groin hernia repair outputs in Uganda need to improve along with mesh-based methods. High parity levels may increase the risk of groin hernias. Opening of the transversalis fascia to inspect the femoral canal should be routinely done among women to detect femoral hernias. The modified open anterior mesh repair is an option to treat inguinal and femoral hernias in the absence of laparoscopy. While the open anterior mesh repair and its modified version are cost-effective, their application should depend on patient needs. However, the high possibility of femoral hernias among women in the study setting, calls for promotion of the modified open anterior mesh method.List of scientific papersI. Groin hernia Surgery in Uganda. Caseload and Practices at Hospitals Operating Within the Publicly Funded Health Care Sector. Alphonsus Matovu, Pär Nordin, Andreas Wladis, Mary Margaret Ajiko, Jenny Löfgren. World J.Surg (2020) 44:3277-3283. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-020-05633-9II. Incidence of groin hernia repairs in women and parity. A population - based cohort study among women born in Sweden between 1956 and 1983. A. Matovu, J. Lofgren, A. Wladis, P. Nordin, G. Sandblom, H.J. Pettersson. Hernia (2024) 28:1231-1238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10029-024-03011-1III. Open anterior mesh repair versus modified open anterior mesh repair for groin hernia in women. A randomized clinical trial. Alphonsus Matovu, Par Nordin, Andreas Wladis, Gabriel Sandblom, Moses Elaju, Fredrik Lindmark, Olof Bladin, Jenny Löfgren. [Manuscript]IV. Cost-effectiveness of open anterior mesh repair compared to modified open anterior mesh repair for groin hernia repair in women in a low resource setting. A randomized clinical trial. Alphonsus Matovu, Zin Min Thet Lwin, Geoffrey Okello, Francis Lulu, Gabriel Sandblom, Moses Elaju, Olof Bladin, Filip Westling, Andreas Wladis, Pär Nordin, Jenny Löfgren. [Manuscript]</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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