1,720,973 research outputs found
La nave dei folli: la modifica dello stereotipo del malato mentale nell’adolescente
Get PDFL’intervento si colloca in due ambiti: 1) la riabilitazione psichiatrica; 2) l’educazione alla diversità. Si è affrontato il problema della modifica dello stereotipo del malato mentale presso un gruppo di adolescenti frequentanti l’ultimo anno di un istituto superiore della periferia di Roma.
Il problema è nato proprio dalla presenza degli utenti del Centro diurno nella scuola con richiesta da parte del personale docente di non fare incontrare studenti e utenti. Il rischio evidente del perdurare dell’ emarginazione si è trasformato, grazie all’aiuto del preside, in un’ occasione di incontro tra utenti e studenti conformemente con la “Mission” del centro diurno e l’ottica di educazione alla diversità per la scuola.
L’intervento si poggia sulla concezione di riabilitazione proposta dall’APA.
La riabilitazione si propone di conseguire anche una meta culturale caratterizzata dalla accettazione e dal riconoscimento dei più deboli attraverso una azione sul tessuto sociale che contrasti sia l’atteggiamento pietistico che quello emarginante.
A questo livello si pone la specificità pedagogica dell’intervento che vede.1) la riabilitazione porsi entro il raggio d’azione di una pedagogia per l’inclusione che vede la scuola come microcosmo sociale all’interno del quale attuare la formazione di una piccola comunità competente. 2) La scuola sensibile al progetto di apertura alla diversità vede nell’avvicinamento alla radicale alterità della follia, una necessità fondamentale e un obbligo a favore della conoscenza e comprensione dell’altro diverso da sé per assicurargli pari dignità di cittadinanza.
Si è voluto preparare un incontro tra due “culture”: quello dei “sani” e quello dei “folli” che rappresentasse un’esperienza di crescita reciproca e di annullamento di barriere fra i due gruppi, con una particolare attenzione ai processi intrapsichici che sono alla base del processo di emarginazione. Il costrutto mentale che si è inteso modificare era la costruzione dello stereotipo che per sua natura si presenta rigido, difficilmente modificabile e basato su pochi elementi.
L’istruzione (dare informazioni) e la crescita empatica (modificazione degli aspetti emotivi) sono stati il focus della formazione orientata ad accrescere la curiosità piuttosto che la paura nei confronti della malattia mentale, attraverso la conoscenza della complessità e drammaticità dei vissuti dei malati, che ridimensionasse, esplicitandoli, gli atteggiamenti di paura e rifiuto.
L’ipotesi formulata prevedeva che questi elementi avrebbero modificato lo stereotipo, nel senso di un allargamento-arricchimento degli attributi e di una maggiore elasticità-indeterminatezza attraverso una modificazione cognitiva e degli aspetti emotivi.
Rivolta a quest’ultimo aspetto è stata l’organizzazione di un cineforum. Tale metodologia costituisce tuttora una delle attività formative più collaudate all’interno della scuola.
Gli strumenti per la rilevazione dei dati sono stati: un tema a carattere fantastico sulla malattia mentale i cui contenuti sono stati analizzati con il software SPSS: questo strumento mirava a suscitare gli aspetti fantasmatici dell’incontro con il folle e a valutare gli atteggiamenti in merito a: emozioni, atteggiamenti cognitivi e tendenza all’azione: ad integrazione di questo strumento per sua natura poco strutturato, ma utilizzato perché inserito nella quotidianità della vita scolastica, e quindi accettato dai ragazzi, è stata affiancata la somministrazione di una Adjective check list (Acl) avente come stimolo il malato mentale. La metodologia ha visto due somministrazioni prima e dopo l’intervento formativo. I risultati hanno confermato gli esiti ipotizzati.Among the most invisible, of exclusions, are the mentally ill. This form of exclusion varies from society to society. In this cultural and historical context, the mentally ill emerge as “loser”. The question becomes how to minimize the cultural and social stigmata of mentally illness.
This study illustrates a small investigation to educate the sensibility of young people by introducing them to the problems of perception which they hold by stereotyping the mentally ill.
Internationally, similar results emphasise the importance of giving correct information which in itself tends to change stereotypes.
The form which this research took was to arrange that a group of young people met the clients of public rehabilitation centre in Rome.
The first step in the research was to prepare the young people to meet members of this centre who were all schizophrenics. This preparation was by showing films about mental disease; by discussing the interpretation of the films; and by offering to the young people precise, and correct, information on hallucination and delirium. Two instruments were used to measure the change in stereotypes. The first , was an Adjective Check List, and the second was the analysis of essays written by the young people. These essays were subjected to a content analysis.
The results were clear. They will be indicated in the full paper
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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