77 research outputs found
CONTROLE DE CONSTITUCIONALIDADE E A HIPÓTESE DA LOTERIA DE MARMOR
No full textMarmor conceives of a hypothetical scenario in which judicial review is exercised not by a constitutional court, but by a lottery made by a computer according to a program designed to produce the same average results that have been achieved by the empirically existing system. Such scenario is used by the author to criticize the legitimacy or moral and political justification of the existing system. This is done by comparing the lottery and the cited system. This article has two main objectives: to describe Marmor’s arguments; to understand such arguments in a critical manner. The descriptive stage is accomplished through theoretical and bibliographic research and seeks to reproduce Marmor\u27s arguments in the most accurate way possible, thus avoiding argumentative distortions, in addition to situating his use of the idea of lottery among other uses of the same idea found in other works of legal philosophy. The comprehensive and critical stage is also done through theoretical and bibliographic research; the sources found and consulted are synthesized, confronted with each other and transcended by other forms of reasoning in search of the most consistent position. This theoretical effort is justified by two main reasons: i) the social importance of constitutional courts and their bases of legitimacy; ii) the absence of other works with the same approach. It should be of interest to everyone involved in the study of legal philosophy, constitutional theory and areas related to the understanding of judicial review.
Marmor concebe um cenário hipotético em que o controle de constitucionalidade é exercido não por um tribunal constitucional, mas por uma loteria feita por um computador segundo uma programação apta a alcançar os mesmos resultados médios alcançados pelo sistema empiricamente existente. Esse cenário é utilizado pelo autor para criticar a legitimidade, ou a justificação moral e política, do sistema existente. Isso é feito por meio da comparação entre a loteria e esse sistema. O presente artigo tem dois objetivos principais: descrever os argumentos de Marmor; compreendê-los de maneira crítica. A etapa descritiva é cumprida a partir de pesquisa teórica e bibliográfica e procura reproduzir os argumentos de Marmor da maneira mais fiel possível, evitando distorções argumentativas, além de situar seu uso da ideia de loteria entre outros usos da mesma ideia encontrados na literatura de filosofia do direito. A etapa compreensiva e crítica é feita também por meio de pesquisa teórica e bibliográfica; as fontes apuradas e consultadas são sintetizadas, confrontadas entre si e transcendidas por outras formas de raciocínio em busca da posição mais consistente. O trabalho se justifica pela importância social dos tribunais constitucionais e de suas bases de legitimidade, assim como por não terem sido encontrados outros trabalhos com a mesma abordagem ou com as mesmas fontes examinadas, devendo ser do interesse de todos os envolvidos no estudo da filosofia do direito, da teoria da constituição e áreas correlatas ao entendimento da jurisdição constitucional
Prognostic Value of Noninvasively Obtained Left Ventricular Contractile Reserve in Patients With Severe Heart Failure
No full textAbstractObjectives. The present study sought to evaluate the prognostic value of contractile reserve measured noninvasively during dobutamine infusion in patients with severe heart failure.Background. In patients with severe heart failure there is a great need for objective criteria to define candidates for heart transplantation or intensive medical treatment. Cardiac pumping performance reserve has been shown to have excellent prognostic value in patients with cardiogenic shock.Methods. Cardiac peak power, an afterload-independent contractility index, was measured noninvasively at rest and at peak dobutamine inotropic stimulation. Contractile reserve was defined as the difference between maximal cardiac power at peak dobutamine dose and baseline value. Maximal cardiac power was calculated from the maximal product of validated central arterial pressure and aortic flow.Results. Results were obtained from 52 subjects (42 patients, 10 control subjects). Twenty-two patients were in New York Heart Association functional classes III and IV. Of nine patients with a contractile reserve <1.5 W/ml, eight died during the 3-year follow-up period. In contrast, all survivors had a contractile reserve >1.5 W/ml. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, contractile reserve was shown to be the only predictor of survival.Conclusions. Contractile reserve measured noninvasively during dobutamine infusion is a valuable prognostic indicator in patients with severe heart failure, with added value to ejection fraction.(J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:422–8
The Arterial Response to an Exercise Stress Test in Healthy Subjects, Hypertensives, and Patients with Left-Ventricular Dysfunction
No full textHormonal Replacement Therapy Induces False-Positive ST-Segment Depression in Middle-Aged Women
No full textThe history of the underground facility “Marmor“ near Peggau in Styria for the armament of Steyr-Daimler Puch
No full textKurzfassung:Der Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Geschichte der Untertageverlagerung der kriegswichtigen Rüstung von Steyr-Daimler-Puch bei Graz unter dem Decknamen „Marmor“, die in den letzten Monaten des Zweiten Weltkriegs unter größten Anstrengungen und menschlichen Opfern im steirischen Peggau erfolgte. Wie an zahlreichen anderen Orten des Deutschen Reichs, sollten auch auf dem Gebiet der heutigen Zweiten Republik unterirdische Rüstungsfabriken errichtet werden, um die bombensichere Unterbringung der kriegswichtigen Rüstungsindustrie zu gewährleisten, nachdem die Lufthoheit über dem Reich verlorengegangen war. Dazu wurde vielfach eine große Zahl an Zwangsarbeitern aus den Konzentrationslagern durch die SS zur Verfügung gestellt, was maßgeblich zum Ausbau des Lagersystems im ganzen Reich beitrug. Der Bau dieser Anlagen forderte zehntausende Menschenleben und beschäftigt bis heute Staat und Grundbesitzer als problematische Altlasten.Diese Arbeit liefert die erste ganzheitliche Darstellung der Geschichte von „Marmor“: von den Rahmenbedingungen über die Planung und Baudurchführung bis hin zur detaillierten Dokumentation der Anlage in der Gegenwart und der Geschichte ihrer Nachnutzung. Sie verbindet vorhandene Daten und Literatur mit bisher kaum bekannten Quellen und neuen Erkenntnissen durch Analysen und Messungen. Abgerundet wird die Untersuchung mit einer umfassenden Sammlung von Skizzen und Fotographien zur Veranschaulichung der Analysen, die bereits für sich ein aussagekräftiges Bild der Anlage zeichnen.Somit kann diese Forschungsarbeit als ein Grundlagenwerk zur Geschichte des größten Bauprojekts zur unterirdischen Verlagerung der Rüstungsproduktion in der Steiermark gelten.Abstract:The subject of this Master thesis is a relic from what is probably the darkest chapter of Austrian history. It concerns the underground relocation of the war-important armament industry of Steyr-Daimler Puch near Graz, with the code name “Marmor”, which took place in the last months of the Second World War under great efforts and human sacrifices near Peggau in Styria. As in numerous other places in the Third Reich, underground armament factories were built in the territory of what is now the Republic of Austria, in order to provide bomb-proof accommodation for the armaments industry, which was vital to the war effort, after air sovereignty over the Reich has been lost to the Allies. To this end, large numbers of forced laborers from concentration camps were usually made available by the SS, which contributed significantly to the expansion of the camp system throughout the Reich. The construction of these underground facilities claimed tens of thousands of lives and continue to occupy the state and landowners as problematic inherited burdens to this day.This study provides the first comprehensive account of the history of “Marmor”, from the general conditions, planning, construction, to the detailed documentation of the present state of the site and the history of its after-use. The author combines existing data and literature with hitherto hardly known sources and new findings through analyses and measurements. The work is rounded off by a comprehensive collection of sketches and photographs to illustrate the analyses, which itself draw a vivid and telling picture of the facility.Thus, this thesis can be seen as a foundational work on the history of the largest underground facility of armament production in Styria.vorgelegt von Raphael HurdaxAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der VerfasserinDiplomarbeit Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz 2021 3300Zusammenfassungen in Deutsch und Englisc
The history of the underground facility “Marmor“ near Peggau in Styria for the armament of Steyr-Daimler Puch
No full textKurzfassung:Der Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Geschichte der Untertageverlagerung der kriegswichtigen Rüstung von Steyr-Daimler-Puch bei Graz unter dem Decknamen „Marmor“, die in den letzten Monaten des Zweiten Weltkriegs unter größten Anstrengungen und menschlichen Opfern im steirischen Peggau erfolgte. Wie an zahlreichen anderen Orten des Deutschen Reichs, sollten auch auf dem Gebiet der heutigen Zweiten Republik unterirdische Rüstungsfabriken errichtet werden, um die bombensichere Unterbringung der kriegswichtigen Rüstungsindustrie zu gewährleisten, nachdem die Lufthoheit über dem Reich verlorengegangen war. Dazu wurde vielfach eine große Zahl an Zwangsarbeitern aus den Konzentrationslagern durch die SS zur Verfügung gestellt, was maßgeblich zum Ausbau des Lagersystems im ganzen Reich beitrug. Der Bau dieser Anlagen forderte zehntausende Menschenleben und beschäftigt bis heute Staat und Grundbesitzer als problematische Altlasten.Diese Arbeit liefert die erste ganzheitliche Darstellung der Geschichte von „Marmor“: von den Rahmenbedingungen über die Planung und Baudurchführung bis hin zur detaillierten Dokumentation der Anlage in der Gegenwart und der Geschichte ihrer Nachnutzung. Sie verbindet vorhandene Daten und Literatur mit bisher kaum bekannten Quellen und neuen Erkenntnissen durch Analysen und Messungen. Abgerundet wird die Untersuchung mit einer umfassenden Sammlung von Skizzen und Fotographien zur Veranschaulichung der Analysen, die bereits für sich ein aussagekräftiges Bild der Anlage zeichnen.Somit kann diese Forschungsarbeit als ein Grundlagenwerk zur Geschichte des größten Bauprojekts zur unterirdischen Verlagerung der Rüstungsproduktion in der Steiermark gelten.Abstract:The subject of this Master thesis is a relic from what is probably the darkest chapter of Austrian history. It concerns the underground relocation of the war-important armament industry of Steyr-Daimler Puch near Graz, with the code name “Marmor”, which took place in the last months of the Second World War under great efforts and human sacrifices near Peggau in Styria. As in numerous other places in the Third Reich, underground armament factories were built in the territory of what is now the Republic of Austria, in order to provide bomb-proof accommodation for the armaments industry, which was vital to the war effort, after air sovereignty over the Reich has been lost to the Allies. To this end, large numbers of forced laborers from concentration camps were usually made available by the SS, which contributed significantly to the expansion of the camp system throughout the Reich. The construction of these underground facilities claimed tens of thousands of lives and continue to occupy the state and landowners as problematic inherited burdens to this day.This study provides the first comprehensive account of the history of “Marmor”, from the general conditions, planning, construction, to the detailed documentation of the present state of the site and the history of its after-use. The author combines existing data and literature with hitherto hardly known sources and new findings through analyses and measurements. The work is rounded off by a comprehensive collection of sketches and photographs to illustrate the analyses, which itself draw a vivid and telling picture of the facility.Thus, this thesis can be seen as a foundational work on the history of the largest underground facility of armament production in Styria.vorgelegt von Raphael HurdaxAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der VerfasserinDiplomarbeit Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz 2021 3300Zusammenfassungen in Deutsch und Englisc
Philosophy of Law: Reply to Critics
No full textThe author addresses issues raised by commentators on his book, Philosophy of Law (2011)
The effect of flosequinan in patients with acute-onset heart failure complicating acute myocardial infarction.
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