1,720,970 research outputs found
Semantic knowledge graphs to understand tumor evolution and predict disease survival in cancer
No full textGenomics technologies have generated large amounts of easily accessible biological -omics data, providing an unprecedented opportunity to study the mechanism in cancer. However, clinical research and the life sciences domain critically require to have a unified, integrated data model to facilitate the prognostic and diagnostic validation of biomarkers obtained. Knowledge graphs emerged as a promising solution based on our research for genomics and other -omics datasets. The primary reason to select a knowledge graph-based approach is that much data come from single cohorts such as TCGA, ICGC etc. that are carefully constructed to mitigate bias. Emerging datasets supporting the understanding of the complete mechanism are unstructured and in silos. The larger datasets such as TCGA and ICGC are patient cohorts and have issues ranging from patient self-selection, to confounding by indication, to limited knowledge of outcome data, and can therefore result in inadvertent bias if used alone for biomarker discovery. However the inclusion of molecular data such as CNV (copy number variation), DNA methylation, gene expression and mutation data (COSMIC, DoCM, MethylDB) adds additional and mechanistic features along with observational data from these cohorts. We applied semantic web and linked data approaches for knowledge graph embedding and federated networks for rapidly changing information in characterizing the disease, specifically cancer. The rapid change plays a critical role in disease progression and disease mechanism. Usually, these mechanisms are explained through biomarkers retrieved using comparative analysis of cancer stages with control for quantitative gene expression data. However, our knowledge graph facilitated including not only the quantitative data but also supportive molecular mechanisms to understand the change in pattern and associated factors. The cancer genomic events are layered processes and prediction models have to accommodate multi-omics data so that each molecular subtype feeds into incremental knowledge. This layered knowledge helps to improve the prediction of clinical outcomes, to elucidate the interplay between different levels and in disease modeling through layered data assembling. In our approach, we extrapolated knowledge graphs beyond the conventional knowledge enrichment and introduced a pattern mining approach to track the indicators in diseases such as cancer in a continuous way. We introduced the topological motif perturbations approach across disease stages to uncover the instances responsible for the change in the pattern, thus for disease progression, by continuous knowledge enrichment. Further, we applied a GCNN-based (graph convolution neural network) approach to identify the features required to not only track the disease mechanism but also predict survival and relapse in patients. We have customized the neural network in such a way that, while learning, we could customize the weight of each dataset or new concept added into the knowledge graph. The customized GCNN not only helped to predict the relapse accurately but also help to dichotomize the most relevant level of each dataset in cancer genomics. The above approach was tested and validated across various cancer types and contributed not only towards a novel way to integrate, understand and predict cancer but also added novel biomarker, e.g. the contribution of biomarkers in Gynecological cancers such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and uterus cancer. The biomarkers retrieved through this approach contributed novel information about genes such as MYH7 involved in these cancers. We applied a motif-based pattern mining approach and established the relevant biomarkers to explain cancer progression mechanisms. Lastly, we developed a prediction model for breast and pancreatic cancer and developed clinical indicators. We also contributed adding COSMIC, TCGA and other RDF datasets into the linked open data (LOD) cloud with new enriched links from our knowledge graph: ``Oncology LOD\u27\u27
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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