2,705 research outputs found
Replication Package for: Correcting Misperceptions about Support for Social Distancing to Combat COVID-19
No full textReplication data, code, and codebooks for "Correcting Misperceptions about Support for Social Distancing to Combat COVID-19" from the project "Accelerating Changes in Norms about Social Distancing to Combat COVID-19".
Paper Abstract: Can informing people of high community support for social distancing encourage them to do moreof it? We randomly assigned a treatment correcting individuals’ underestimates of community support for social distancing. In theory, informing people that more neighbors support social distancing than expected encourages free-riding and lowers the perceived benefits from social distancing. At the same time, the treatment induces people to revise their beliefs about the infectiousness of COVID-19 upwards; this perceived infectiousness effect as well as the norm adherence effect increase the perceived benefits from social distancing. We estimate impacts on social distancing, measured using a combination of self-reports and reports of others. While experts surveyed in advance expected the treatment to increase social
distancing, we find that its average effect is close to zero and significantly lower than expert predictions. However, the treatment’s effect is heterogeneous, as predicted by theory: it decreases social distancing where current COVID-19 cases are low (where free-riding dominates), but increases it where cases are high (where the perceived-infectiousness effect dominates). These findings highlight that correcting misperceptions may have heterogeneous effects depending on disease prevalence
Interview of James A. Van Allen by Brian Shoemaker
No full textAerobee, Navy rocket used in high altitude research, p. 15
Berkner, Lloyd, pp. 17-25
Byrd, Admiral Richard, pp. 6-7, 45-46
Chapman, Sydney, 17-23
Gore, Albert, Vice President, p. 27
Joyce, Wallace, p. 17
Kaplan, Joseph, 24-25
Kent, Bob, Army Ordinance Department, pp. 15-16
Lee, Willis A., Admiral, pp. 11-13
Liddell, Urner, pp. 35-36
Ludwig, George, p. 32
Parsons, W. S. (Deke), Rear Admiral, p. 11
Pickering, Bill, p. 24
Pomerantz, Martin, pp. 36-38
Porter, Richard, p. 24
Poulter, Thomas C., Prof. of Physics, pp. 2-7, 25
Singer, Fred, pp. 18
Turner, Harold A., Colonel, pp. 15-16
Vestive, E. H. “Harry”, pp. 18
Von Braun, Wernher, p .32The media can be accessed here: http://streaming.osu.edu/knowledgebank/byrd/oral_history/James_VanAllen.mp3Dr. Van Allen is a distinguished physicist and a leading researcher on interplanetary satellites. He is known for helping to organize the International Geophysical Year in 1957-58.
As a young student at Iowa Wesleyan University in 1931, Van Allen developed a strong interest in physics under the guidance of Thomas Poulter. Poulter was the chief scientist and second in command for the Second Byrd Expedition to Antarctica in 1933. As an undergraduate, Van Allen learned to make observations of the magnetic field of the Earth using a magnetometer, and was introduced to the science of geophysics, his lifelong passion. He also did original scientific work on the Perseid meteor shower of August 1932.
After graduating from the University of Iowa in 1939 with a Ph.D. in nuclear physics, he joined the Carnegie Institution as a Research Fellow, where he helped develop a radio proximity fuse for use in naval long-range anti-aircraft guns. He developed one of the basic features of the vacuum tube that was the heart of the fuse. In November 1942, he and two co-workers were commissioned as naval officers to go out to the fleet and accompany an initial shipment of these proximity fused projectiles. His personal responsibility was for the destroyers. Van Allen discovered that the success rate of the fuses was compromised by the early deterioration of the batteries, and was responsible for setting up re-battery depots on a wide scale in the Pacific. His navy career ended in May 1946.
Van Allen returned to the Applied Physics Lab as a civilian, and did considerable research on high altitude rockets, including captured German V-2 rockets. He oversaw development of the Aerobee, a high-altitude Navy rocket. This rocket has no active guidance system, and Van Allen and his team successfully made adjustments to insure that it would not deviate from its approved range at the White Sands Proving Ground. He also continued research on cosmic rays, atmospheric ozone, and high altitude photography.
On April 5, 1950, Van Allen invited several friends, all distinguished scientists, to his home for a dinner party at Silver Spring, Maryland. The group included Sydney Chapman, a British geophysicist, Lloyd Berkner, and Wallace Joyce. It was here that the very first plans were laid for what became the International Geophysical Year (IGY). The men agreed that the general assessment of geophysics was moving along so rapidly that it would be desirable to plan the IGY for 1957-58, on the 25th anniversary of the first Polar Year. As it happened, this was also a year of expected maximum solar activity.
The IGY was a non-governmental enterprise made up of independent scientific organizations. In the United States, the National Academy of Sciences was the principal society, and the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Navy provided the principal governmental support. Van Allen belonged to several committees of the IGY, and chaired the Working Group on Internal Instrumentation. He was responsible for soliciting and selecting the experiments which were to be conducted on the satellite itself. Polar exploration in both the Arctic and the Antarctic received an enormous stimulus from the IGY. Operation Deep Freeze, which established the Antarctic continent as a major area of scientific exploration, was a major consequence of the IGY. The Antarctic Treaty was another direct outcome of the IGY.
Van Allen made three polar expeditions for scientific purposes. In 1952, with the support of the Office of Naval Research he devised and successfully developed techniques for launching a rocket from a balloon at some 50,000 to 60,000 feet of altitude. The device, called a rockoon, which was launched in 1953 from the Coast Guard cutter Eastwind, reached altitudes of 250,000 feet. It made valuable discoveries in the Arctic region, including cosmic ray measurements, and the discovery of the auroral soft radiation zone. Similar experiments were later conducted along the equator and in Antarctica.
At the University of Iowa, Van Allen, working with colleagues and in close touch with his friend Wernher van Braun, of the Army Ballistic Missile Agency in Huntsville, Alabama, developed the scientific payload for Explorer I, the first successful American satellite. The flight was a great success, and resulted in the discovery of the radiation belts of the Earth, later named the Van Allen belt. He was the co-discoverer of the radiation belts of the planets Jupiter and Saturn.
Van Allen commented as to how much his research field has changed over the years. For example, he and others worked for years in the early 1950’s using balloon launched rockets (rockoons) to complete a very good latitude survey in both the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Today, using polar satellites, the same mapping can be done in 45 minutes. He never personally returned to the Polar regions.
Since 1958 Van Allen’s entire career has been in satellite and spacecraft observations. He had instruments aboard Mariner II to Venus in 1962, Mariner IV to Mars in 1964, Mariner V to Venus in 1965, and the first missions to Jupiter and Saturn on Pioneer 10 and 11. He has also kept very busy with research, and continues to train graduate students. As recognition of his long, productive career, Van Allen has been awarded the Nansen Medal for his contributions to Arctic geophysics, radiation belt physics, and the exploration of the aurora by rockets and satellites.
Major Topics
Van Allen’s long career in polar and inter-planetary astro-physics
International Geophysical Year (IGY)
Development of balloon launched rockets (rockoons)
Research on radiation belt physics and exploration of the aurora
Contributions of satellites in global and interplanetary research
The Van Allen radiation beltsFunded by a grant from the National Science Foundation
Level Of Detail Models For Dismounted Infantry In Npsnet-Iv.8.1
No full text(Maximum 200 words) 14. SUBJECT TERMS 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF ABSTRACT 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 16. PRICE CODE 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT 5. FUNDING NUMBERS i Chrislip, Christopher Allen Ehlert, James Frederick, Jr. September 1995 Master's Thesis Unclassified Unclassified UL Unclassified LEVEL OF DETAIL MODELS FOR DISMOUNTED INFANTRY IN NPSNET-IV.8.1(U) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the United States Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. NPSNET-IV.7J has a limited capability to display up to 10 Dismounted Infantry (DI) icons due to the enormous number of rendered polygons and computational load required. In order to provide a more realistic training scenario for the user, NPSNET-IV.8.1 requires the capability to displ..
James R. Hedges IV ' 89, College Trustee in 2000
No full textThis image appeared in the Board Directory. Image transferred electronically from Communications Office in 2010.James R. Hedges, IV is one of the early leaders in the hedge fund and alternative investments industry, and is the author of Hedges on Hedge Funds. He is the Founder, President, and Chief Investment Officer of LJH Global Investments, LLC
The Scientific romances of Charles Howard Hinton : the fourth dimension as hyperspace, hyperrealism and protomodernism
Full text linkThis thesis examines the epistemological, socio-cultural and aesthetic impact of the hyperspace philosophy of Charles Howard Hinton, as expressed within his two-volume
collection of Scientific Romances (1884-1896). Hinton's hyperspace philosophy is founded on the belief that the fourth dimension exists as a transcendental yet material
space that is accessible to both the mind and the physical senses. Inspired by Immanuel Kant's discussion of space as an a priori intuition, Hinton's project is one of
consciousness expansion: he argues that 'a new era of thought' can be attained through the recognition of the fourth dimension. The thesis demonstrates that, in the Scientific Romances, Hinton seeks to engender the 'reality' of the fourth dimension within the reader's imagination through the collaboration of reader and author. Hinton's hyperspace philosophy is thus concerned with mediation, the ways in which the consciousness thinks and creates with and through the aesthetics of space. In addition to providing the most developed analysis of Hinton's writing to date, this thesis examines the work of Hinton's contemporaries
exploring the ways in which the discourse of the fourth dimension can offer new readings of familiar literary texts. A recurring explanatory device throughout
hyperspace philosophy is the dimensional analogy, and the thesis illustrates how this trope resonates across the work of contemporary writers including Lewis Carroll, H. G. Wells, HenryJames, Friedrich Nietzsche and William James
Women and independence in the nineteenth century novel : a study of Austen, Trollope and James
No full text'Women
and
independence in the nineteenth century novel : a
study
of
Austen, Trollope
and
James', begins
with the
concept of
independence
and works through the three
most common usages of
the
word.
The first, financial independence (not
needing to
earn one's
livelihood)
appears to be
a necessary prerequisite
for the
second
and third forms
of
independence,
although it is by
no means an
unequivocal good
in
any of
the
novels.
The
second,
intellectual
independence (not
depending
on others
for
one's opinion or conduct;
unwilling
to be
under obligation
to
others),
is
a matter of asserting independence
while employing
terms
which society recognizes.
The third,
of
being independent, is
exemplified
by
an
inward
struggle
for
a
knowledge
of self.
In
order
to trace the development
of
the idea
of self
during the
nineteenth century,
I have
chosen a group of novels which seem
to be
representative of
the beginning, the
middle, and the
end of
the period.
Particular
attention
is
given
to the
characterizations of
Emma
Woodhouse, Glencora Palliser, Isabel Archer, Milly Theale and
Maggie
Verver. Whereas in Jane Austen's
novels
the self
has a
definite shape
which the heroine
must
discover, and
in Anthony Trollope's
novels
the
self
(reflecting
the idea
of socially-determined man) must
learn to
accommodate social and political changes,
in Henry James's
novels
the
self
determined by
external manifestations
(hollow
man)
is
posed
against
the exercise of
the free
spirit or soul.
Jane Austen's
novels
look backward,
as she reacts against
late
eighteenth century romanticism, and
forward,
with
the development
of
the heroine
who exemplifies
intellectual independence. Anthony
Trollope's
women characters are creatures of social and political
adaptation; although
they do
not
derive their
reason
for being
from
men,
they
must accommodate
themselves to
men's wishes.
And
Henry James looks backward,
wistfully, at
Austen's
solid, comforting,
innocent
self and
forward, despairingly, to the dark,
unknowable self
of
the twentieth
century
Eastern passages to China [cartographic material] /
No full textChart showing area between Java Sea and Banda Sea, north to Celebes Sea and south to Timor Sea. Relief shown by soundings, hachures and spot heights.; Dedication: To the Commanders & Officers of the Hon'ble East India Companys ships, in acknowledgment of much valuable assistance afforded by their journals in the construction of this chart, it is now inscribed by their faithful and obliged servant James Horsburgh.; Sheet 1 originally published in 1824 with additions to 1848; sheet 2 originally published Jan. 2nd 1826 with corrections to 1849; sheet 3 originally published 2 Jun. 1823.; "W'm. H. Allen & C'o. Leadenhall Street London"--Sheets IV and V.; Prime meridian: Greenwich.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-rm3386. Insets: Sheet 1: Strait of Bally. Scale [ca. 1:663 600] -- Strait of Lombock. Scale [ca. 1:443 520] -- Plan of Allass Strait from observations made by James Horsburgh 1796. Scale [ca. 1:380 160] -- Sketch of Sapy Strait. Scale [ca. 1:316 800]. Sheet 3: Plan of Manilla Bay, surveyed in 1792 by Don Felipe Bauza. Scale [ca. 1:253 440]
Overlapping school and farming calendars in Madagascar: Simulating gains of alternative school calendars
No full textThis report summarizes ongoing analysis of overlap between school and farming calendars in Madagascar in collaboration with the World Bank office in Madagascar. Following IFPRI Discussion Paper 2235 (Allen 2024), I develop a community-based measure of overlap as the number of days that the school calendar overlaps with crop calendars that weights the relevance of each crop by the community crop share and then aggregates across crops. A policy simulation of alternative school calendars identifies early January as the best time to start Madagascar's national school calendar (assuming the same structure as the actual school calendar) to avoid overlap with peak farming periods. Further, it finds additional gains can be made to reducing overlap by decentralizing school calendars to the local level and adopting each community's overlap-minimizing calendar. Next steps in 2025 include an empirical analysis that estimates the correlation between overlap and key education outcomes that simulates the potential gains of a locally decentralized overlap-minimizing school calendar
A prospect of St. Julian's river as it appears looking up the river at low water [picture] /
No full textPl. no. [6] of: A voyage round the world in the years MDCXXL, I, II, III, IV, by George Anson. London : Printed for the author by John and Paul Knapton ... , 1748.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-an10093223; Rex Nan Kivell Collection NK742.; U6126
A view of the Commodore's tent at the island of Juan Fernandes [picture] /
No full textPl. no. [14] of: A voyage round the world in the years MDCCXL, I, II, III, IV, by George Anson. London : Printed for the author by John and Paul Knapton ... , 1748.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-an10100948; Rex Nan Kivell Collection NK742.; U6133
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