61 research outputs found
Gully erosion susceptibility mapping using GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis techniques
No full textThis research introduces a scientific methodology for gully erosion susceptibility mapping (GESM)that employs geography information system (GIS)-based multi-criteria decision analysis. The model was tested in Semnan Province, Iran, which has an arid and semi-arid climate with high susceptibility to gully erosion. The technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS)and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM)models were integrated. The important aspect of this research is that it did not require gully erosion inventory maps for GESM. Therefore, the proposed methodology could be useful in areas with missing or incomplete data. Fifteen variables reflecting topographic, hydrologic, geologic, environmental and soil characteristics were selected as proxies for gully erosion conditioning factors (GECFs). The experiment was conducted using 200 sample points that were selected randomly in the study area, and the weights of criteria (GECFs)were obtained using the AHP model. In the next step, the TOPSIS model was applied, and the weight of each alternative (sample points)was obtained. Kriging and inverse distance-weighted (IDW)methods were used for interpolation and GESM. Natural break method was used for classifying gully erosion susceptibility into five classes, from very low to very high. The area under the ROC curve (AUC)was used for validation. AHP results showed that distance to stream (0.14), slope degree (0.13)and distance to road (0.12)played major roles in controlling gully erosion in the study area. The values of points obtained by using the TOPSIS model ranged from 0.321 to 0.808. Verification results showed that kriging had higher prediction accuracy than IDW. The GESM results obtained by this methodology can be used by decision makers and managers to plan preventive measures and reduce damages due to gully erosion
Optimization of state-of-the-art fuzzy-metaheuristic ANFIS-based machine learning models for flood susceptibility prediction mapping in the Middle Ganga Plain, India
No full textCRediT authorship contribution statement: Dr. Aman Arora and Dr. Alireza Arabameri have conceptualized the study, prepared the dataset, and optimized the models. Dr. Manish Pandey has helped in writing the manuscript. Prof. Masood A. Siddiqui, Prof. U.K. Shukla, Prof. Dieu Tien Bui, Dr. Varun Narayan Mishra, and Dr. Anshuman Bhardwaj have helped in improving the manuscript at different stages of this work.Peer reviewe
A comparison of statistical methods and multi-criteria decision making to map flood hazard susceptibility in Northern Iran
No full textIn north of Iran, flood is one of the most important natural hazards that annually inflict great economic damages on humankind infrastructures and natural ecosystems. The Kiasar watershed is known as one of the critical areas in north of Iran, due to numerous floods and waste of water and soil resources, as well as related economic and ecological losses. However, a comprehensive and systematic research to identify flood-prone areas, which may help to establish management and conservation measures, has not been carried out yet. Therefore, this study tested four methods: evidential belief function (EBF), frequency ratio (FR), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity To ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Vlse Kriterijumsk Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) for flood hazard susceptibility mapping (FHSM) in this area. These were combined in two methodological frameworks involving statistical and multi-criteria decision making approaches. The efficiency of statistical and multi-criteria methods in FHSM were compared by using area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve, seed cell area index and frequency ratio. A database containing flood inventory maps and flood-related conditioning factors was established for this watershed. The flood inventory maps produced included 132 flood conditions, which were randomly classified into two groups, for training (70%) and validation (30%). Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) indicated that slope, distance to stream and land use/land cover are of key importance in flood occurrence in the study catchment. In validation results, the EBF model had a better prediction rate (0.987) and success rate (0.946) than FR, TOPSIS and VIKOR (prediction rate 0.917, 0.888, and 0.810; success rate 0.939, 0.904, and 0.735, respectively). Based on their frequency ratio and seed cell area index values, all models except VIKOR showed acceptable accuracy of classification
Application of AHP Model in Selection of Most Appropriate Area to Establish Soil Damp for Artificial Recharge of Underground Aquifers (Case Study: Tabas Basin)
No full textIn recent years water exploitation has become greater for many reasons such as population growth industrial development urbanization growth and consequently increased demand for food products Hence the rate of exploitation and consumption ground water become greater than recharge of them in other words input of ground water system is less than its output and system with negative balance sheet has positive feedback and it is collapsing Thus it is very significant to determine the suitable position for Artificial Recharge of ground water One of the management methods for water resources is Multi Criteria Decision Making The analytic hierarchy process AHP is a structured technique for dealing with complex decisions that was developed by Thomas L Saaty in the 1980 year It provides a comprehensive and rational framework for structuring a decision problem for representing and quantifying its elements for relating those elements to overall goals and for evaluating alternative solutions The base of this model is comparing variables by pair wise by Matrix relationship In this way pair wise of the effective variables on the concrete Pavement were considered and based on relative weights the output was extent In the present research combination of Indexing system Method with Analytical Hierarchy Process has been applied to assess the Selection of most appropriate area to establish soil damp for artificial recharge of underground aquifers The findings of the research show that zone 3 with 0 3606 points promotes in first rank among 5 studied zones and thus it is the most appropriate zone for Artificial Recharge of ground waters in contrast zone 5 with 0 1731 point goes down to the last rank and so it isn t suitable for Artificial Recharge and zones 2 4 1 are located in next rank
Zoning Mashhad Watershed for Artificial Recharge of Underground Aquifers using TOPSIS Model and GIS Technique
No full textIn recent years coincide with population growth and industrial expansion in many countries in the world Extract water of underground sources expanded and annual withdrawal of ground water is higher than the annual feeding This means extracting and using the water in layers that has been saved over thousands of years in the underground Consequently groundwater levels in the area will be extracted every day and eventually drop where the water will not exist While proper management and control of these resources will eliminate the problems of drop in water level One way to managing groundwater resources is artificial recharge of groundwater and determine suitable locations for these purpose growth and development trend of Mashhad city and excessive Extracting of ground water in recent years has been essential groundwater resources management strategy in the region more than ever implied The purpose of this study is Zoning Mashhad watershed for artificial recharge of underground aquifers using TOPSIS Model and GIS technique TOPSIS algorithm is a Multi Criteria Decision Making a type of compensatory model and an adaptable subgroup with strong ability to solve multi alternative problems because of having ability to overlap indicators in weak and power points In this model if quantitative criteria can change in to qualitative criteria qualitative criteria can be used besides quantitative criteria In aforementioned model it is supposed that each indicator and criterion has steady increasing and decreasing utility in decision making matrix it means if criteria gain more positive amount they will be more appropriate on the contrary the more negative amount the less appropriate The result and findings of different studies show that in TOPSIS method zone 3 with 0 669 point promotes in first rank among 5 studied zones and thus it is the most appropriate zone to establish the proper area for artificial recharge of underground aquifers in contrast zone
Analysis of the Translation of Terms based on Cultural Filtering (Case Study: Salim Abdul Amir Hamdan's Arabic Translation of Houshang Golshiri’s Prince Ehtejab and Lidded Mirrors)
No full textThe model of critical analysis of translation, which redefines translation based on the concept of "filtering", is fundamentally based on Halliday's theory of Systemic Functional Linguistics (1978), and filters a communicative event linguistically, culturally, and ideologically. In particular, whenever a translator feels the need to apply cultural filtering, it can be expected that the result of his/her work will be relatively inclined towards acceptable translation. The present study descriptively-analytically seeks to evaluate the application of cultural filter in Salim Abdul Amir Hamdan's Arabic translation of Houshang Golshiri’s Prince Ehtejab and Lidded Mirrors, which is full of idiomatic expressions, and to indicate to what extent the use of cultural filtering by the translator of these two works fit with the structural features in the target system. Therefore, we divided the approaches employed by the translator of these two novels into 4 parts: Negative approach (omission of idiomatic expression) 2- Application of cultural filtering using the "equivalence-finding" approach 3- Application of cultural filtering using "equivalencing" approach 4- Literal translation of the term of source in the target language. The findings of this study show that the translator implements almost the same cultural context in the target system. Furthermore, among the approaches used, cultural equivalence-finding (59.2%) has the highest frequency, and omission (2.3%) has the lowest frequency
Spatial Modeling of Gully Erosion Using Linear and Quadratic Discriminant Analyses in GIS and R
No full textSpatial Pattern Analysis and Prediction of Gully Erosion Using Novel Hybrid Model of Entropy-Weight of Evidence
No full textGully erosion is an environmental problem in arid and semi-arid areas. Gullies threaten the soil and water resources and cause off- and on-site problems. In this research, a new hybrid model combines the index-of-entropy (IoE) model with the weight-of-evidence (WoE) model. Remote sensing and GIS techniques are used to map gully-erosion susceptibility in the watershed of the Bastam district of Semnan Province in northern Iran. The performance of the hybrid model is assessed by comparing the results with from models that use only IoE or WoE. Three hundred and three gullies were mapped in the study area and were randomly classified into two groups for training (70% or 212 gullies) and validation (30% or 91 gullies). Eighteen topographical, hydrological, geological, and environmental conditioning factors were considered in the modeling process. Prediction-rate curves (PRCs) and success-rate curves (SRCs) were used for validation. Results from the IoE model indicate that drainage density, slope, and rainfall factors are the most important factors promoting gullying in the study area. Validation results indicate that the ensemble model performed better than either the IoE or WoE models. The hybrid model predicted that 38.02 percent of the study area has either high or very high susceptible to gullying. Given the high accuracy of the novel hybrid model, this scientific methodology may be very useful for land use management decisions and for land use planning in gully-prone regions. Our research contributes to achieve Land Degradation Neutrality as will help to design remediation programs to control non-sustainable soil erosion rates
Applying different scenarios for landslide spatial modeling using computational intelligence methods
No full textLandslide susceptibility assessment by Dempster–Shafer and Index of Entropy models, Sarkhoun basin, Southwestern Iran
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