1,720,960 research outputs found
Fake news: aporie di un concetto debole
No full textLe fake news sono un tema sempre più presente nel dibattito pubblico e nella
ricerca scientifica (Bianda, 2017; 2018; Frosini, 2017; Paglieri, 2017; Riva, 2018). Tuttavia
persistono problematicità significative intorno al concetto, a cominciare dalla sua ambiguità
definitoria.
Questo Focus intende inquadrare e discutere la definizione del fenomeno per
rispondere a due interrogativi di fondo: 1) Quali elementi contribuiscono a determinare
l’ambiguità e, perciò, la criticità d’uso del concetto? 2) A quale realtà fattuale rimanda
l’ossimoro fake news
Fake news and disinformation online
No full textFake news and disinformation online è il titolo del Flash Eurobarometer, condotto dal TNS Political & Social e coordinato della Commissione Europea e dal Directorate- General for Communication (DG COMM «Media Monitoring, Media Analysis and Eurobarometer» Unit) e può essere letto all’indirizzo http://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/ publicopinion/index.cfm/Survey/getSurveyDetail/instruments/FLASH/ surveyKy/2183. La misleading information e le conseguenze del fenomeno sulla sfera pubblica, stanno diventando temi sempre più cruciali all’interno del dibattito pubblico e istituzionale su scala mondiale. Da qui l’obiettivo della survey, i cui risultati sono stati pubblicati ad aprile 2018, tesa ad indagare i diversi elementi che concorrono a determinare la percezione del fenomeno fake news all’interno dell’opinione pubblica europea.
In particolare sono state analizzate le seguenti dimensioni: Trust: il livello di fiducia riposto nei news media e nelle diverse fonti
d’informazione. Awareness: la frequenza di consumo e la presunta dimestichezza del
cittadino nel riconoscere il «contenuto fake news». Impact: la percezione della portata del fenomeno. Responsability: gli attori designati ad arginare la diffusione di contenuti disinformativi
More than just shifting boundaries. Informative activism from a comparative perspective
Full text linkThis article sheds light on how the shifting boundaries between data journalism and data activism challenge the newsmaking practices and the main actors involved. To pursue this main aim the research focuses on two initiatives in which the contents’ production rests on two main «boundary objects»: open databases and data-driven platforms. These two non-profit foundations, in which data activism and data journalism overlap, are the Italian Openpolis and the Spanish Civio. The results converge in bringing out from a comparative perspective a new form of activism that captures the nature of collective actors constantly shaped by hybridity dynamics, labeled «informative activism». This concept represents a new lens able to broaden the rhizomatic approach to the media ecosystem applied to journalism, including more explicitly and systematically – but no less critically – the contribution of the data activism realm and contiguous fields of action to the news networ
Italian parties and the digital challenge: between limits and opportunities
No full textThis article investigates how the website has survived the paradigm
shift due to the digitization of the political field. A careful review of
the literature – which however lacks a systematic diachronic perspective
– shows a pattern of functional adaptability of the website
to the varying impacts and inputs of digitization variables on the
political field. The centrality of the website lies in its becoming
a cross-functional hub of a party’s digital activities. The website
can no longer be considered merely as a communication channel
but should rather be interpreted as an element of a party’s organizational
structure. Our research adopts a comparative perspective
as it considers the 10 main Italian parties alongside parties selected
from among the major advanced democracies of Europe, America,
Oceania, Asia and Africa. A total of 119 political parties’ websites
have been analysed by means of Multiple Correspondence Analysis
(MCA). We identified the analytical dimensions most able to explain
the current functional nature of the websites. The analysis shows
a prevailing tendency of Italian parties to activate functions promoting
both online and offline mobilization. As regards the communication
function, Italian parties tend to activate the top-down
rather than the relational model. The website is still mainly conceived
as a broadcast medium rather than as a digital communication
hub
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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