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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Forum: Roundtables of environmental and geographic discourse: Realigning paradigms
No full textThe article discusses the importance of geography and environmental education in schools in Great Britain. Man-made boundaries are essentially agreements and half have congruence with natural features on the planet. The boundaries of disciplines are essentially agreements to study certain topics within the bounds of the origins of each discipline, yet each discipline has evolved in depth and breadth since its origins. The inherent structural assumptions of environmental education such as ecology, biodiversity and cause-and-effect relationships, when applied spatially, give rise to the newer studies such as biogeography, paleoclimatology, and even neuroscience. New imaging, sampling and analytical technologies are now in use and further developments will make possible even finer resolution from astrophysics to nanoscience. Given that both geography and environmental education are areas that transgress historic notions of the bounded discipline and now have even more common areas of congruence, it would seem that greater respect and collaboration across the two are happily intertwined
Grading With Points: The Determination of Report Card Grades by High School Science Teachers
No full textThis study examined the grading practices of 91 high school science teachers. Surveys were used to collect data about types of assessments used, the weight given each assessment, and the mechanism used to determine students\u27 report card grades. It was found that few of these teachers used alternative forms of assessment such as performance assessments, journals, or portfolios. While there was little difference among teachers based on experience, gender, or school setting, preference and weights for different assessments varied among science subject taught. These teachers used two types of mechanisms to calculate report card grades: averages and points. Teachers who used point systems for grading purposes were interviewed. The results of this study indicate that reform efforts have had little effect on the grading practices of these teachers. In addition, a large percentage of these teachers use point systems, which act against reform efforts by reinforcing task completion rather than conceptual understanding as the goal for science education
GIS in the Classroom: Using Geographic Information Systems in Social Studies and Environmental Science
No full textBook description: Marsha Alibrandi takes us to the cutting edge of teaching social studies and environmental education using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). A computer application for urban planning, weather reporting, and geological and demographic studies, GIS has been increasingly employed by teachers to help students improve their geographical and critical thinking skills. Alibrandi presents an overview of this technology and examples of how it can transform your classroom. -- from Publisher website.https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/education-books/1032/thumbnail.jp
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Redefining region : social construction of region and place in a watershed education partnership.
No full textEducationDoctor of Education (Ed.D.
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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