65,507 research outputs found
An analytical study of the theatre of the Syrian playwright Saadallah Wannous, with particular emphasis on the plays written after the 1967 war
No full textThis study is an examination of the life and work of
the Syrian dramatist Saadallah Wannous (1941-1997). Wannous's name is virtually unknown in the West; only two academic studies of any significance have appeared in English on this eminent and challenging writer, who was honoured by UNESCO at the end of his life. Even in the Arab world his standing rests largely upon his celebrity as a cultural icon, since professional performances of his plays are rare due to the decline of the theatre in the region, and little attention has been devoted to theatre studies by Arab academics. The two studies in English do not attempt to be comprehensive but focus on particular stages of Wannous's career. This study is, therefore, the first to encompass the full range of Wannous's work. To do so it combines an account of his life which seeks to comprehend the various forces that shaped his thinking with an analysis of his dramatic works. The study concentrates on the plays written in the years following the trauma inflicted on the Arab world by the catastrophe of their
defeat in the Arab-Israeli war of June, 1967. Wannous's career can be divided into three phases: the immature plays of his young manhood which are influenced by European models and generally focus on the social condition of the individual; his middle period - the `theatre of politicisation', when his Marxist politics were the main
factor shaping his drama; and his late works, which are characterised by an extraordinary freedom of thought and expression. The introduction places Wannous in his historical and sociocultural context and provides a brief background explaining the literary and theatrical traditions of the Arab world that influenced his activity as a dramatist. Each phase is then examined in turn and the plays are analysed in accordance with the focus of the study. This means that emphasis is given to the middle period,
but no significant work is neglected. The study aims to trace the trajectory of Wannous's development using a
variety of sources: the plays themselves, Wannous's own journalism and critical writings, interviews with his widow, his friends and colleagues, and numerous
journals, books and articles, some of which contain
important interviews with Wannous that shed light on his thought and ways of working. Use is also made of the
two studies mentioned above. The study shows that Wannous's theatre was influenced by the key political, social and cultural developments of his time, and that he
constantly sought to find forms that would express those transformations in dramatic terms
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
SSR_Profile_Data_Pk-SA
No full textSampling year, country, location (GPS), host and the SSR profile for the PST isolates studied in the articel Ali et al., Mol Ecol
Language Change and SA-OT: The case of sentential negation
No full textSimulated Annealing for Optimality Theory (SA-OT) updates Optimality Theory by adding a model of performance to a theory of linguistic competence. Our aim is to show that SA-OT can contribute to language change simulations. Performance "errors" are considered to be one of the causes of variation and change. We have chosen to model the evolution of sentential negation (SN). The descriptive background adopts Jespersen's Cycle, according to which the evolution of sentential negation follows three main stages (1. pre-verbal, 2. discontinuous, and 3. post-verbal). Therefore, we advance a novel model for SN, based on SA-OT. It reproduces the three pure and the two observed mixed stages, whereas it correctly predicts the lack of an intermediate stage between 3 and 1. The success of the approach corroborates the computational, performance-based approach to the data. Finally, we employ the iterated learning paradigm to reproduce historical changes in a "simulated corpus study". This enterprise turns out to be more difficult than one would naively believe.Appeared open access as: Computational Linguistics in the Netherlands Journal (CLIN), vol. 1 (2011), pp. 21-40, and is available at http://www.clinjournal.org/sites/default/files/Lopopolo.pdfA. Lopopolo and Biró, T., “Language Change and SA-OT. The case of sentential negation”, Computational Linguistics in the Netherlands Journal, vol. 1, pp. 21-40, 2011.Peer Reviewe
Pagsusuri sa mga Obra Maestrang Isina-Komiks: Tungo sa Pagbuo ng Pamantayan sa Pagsusuri ng Pantulong na Kagamitan sa Antas Sekundarya
No full textPangunahing layunin ng pag-aaral na ito na masuri ang mga obra maestrang isina-komiks na magsisilbing gabay sa pagbuo ng pamantayan sa pagsusuri ng komiks bilang pantulong na kagamitan sa pagtuturo ng mga obra maestra sa antas sekundarya. Naging batayan sa pagsusuri ang teorya ni McCloud (1993; 2006) na Word-Picture Combinations at transisyon ng mga pangyayaring magpapalutang sa kasiningang taglay ng naturang babasahin. Binigyang-tuon din sa pagsusuri ang simulain nina Gimena (2011) at Valiente (2009) kaugnay sa mga pangnilalaman at teknikal na elemento ng komiks. Matapos ang pagsusuri, isinaalang-alang ang Teorya ng Motibasyon sa Pagbasa nina Guthrie at Wang (2004), maging ang prinsipyo sa pagbuo at pagpili ng pantulong na kagamitan nina Lardizabal et al. (2002) at Tomlinson (2001) para sa paglikha ng pamantayan na ipinaebalweyt sa mga guro ng Filipino sa antas sekundarya at mga eksperto sa larangan ng komiks.Batay sa mga naging resulta, natuklasan ang kahalagahan ng pagsusuri sa mga babasahing gagamitin bilang pantulong na kagamitan sa pagtuturo upang mapiling mabuti ang mga suplementaryong materyal na ipagagamit sa mga mag-aaral
Domaća regulativa i njena usaglašenost sa direktivama EU u vezi sa zaštitom životne sredine
No full textSrbija je na putu priključenja Evropskoj uniji uskladila ili je na putu da uskladi svoje zakonodavstvo na način da ono bude u potpunosti kompatibilno sa onim u zemljama članicama. Preostala zakonska regulativa koju je potrebno usaglasiti pokriva velikih broj oblasti, ali je posebno simptomatično da će gotovo svaki treći zakon koji je potrebno usvojiti imati direktne ili indirektne veze sa ekologijom. Ova činjenica ukazuje na dve važne stvari. Prvo, regulativa EU po pitanju ekologije i zaštite životne okoline je veoma obimna i kompleksna. Drugo, Srbija na putu usklađivanja regulative u ovoj oblasti značajno zaostaje u odnosu na zemlje članice ali i na ostale zemlje kandidate za članstvo. Takođe, činjenice u pogledu zagađenosti, emisije štetnih gasova i ekoloških standarda potvrđuju da je potrebno veoma hitno učiniti sve kako bi se postojeći i budući propisi bolje primenjivali i kako se ne bi dalje ugrožavala životna sredina. Smanjenje zaostajanja za susedima po ovim aspektima biće najbolji dokaz da li se u sprovođenju ovih namera uspelo
Escape from immunotherapy: possible mechanisms that influence tumor regression/progression
No full textTumor escape is one major obstacle that has to be addressed prior to designing and delivering successful immunotherapy. There is compelling evidence to support the notion that immunogenic tumors, in murine models and cancer patients, can be rejected by the immune system under optimum conditions for activating adaptive and nonadaptive antitumor immune responses. Despite this capability, a large number of tumors continue to grow and evade recognition and/or destruction by the immune system. The limited success in current immunotherapeutic strategies may be due to a variety of reasons: failure of effector cells to compete with the growing tumor burden, production of humoral factors by tumors that locally block cytotoxicity, antigen/MHC loss, T-cell dysfunction, production of suppressor T cells—to name but a few causes for therapeutic ineffectiveness for the particular malignancy being treated. To optimize immunotherapy strategies, correction of immune-activating signals, eradication of inhibitory factors, and the evasion from newly developed immunoresistant tumor phenotypes need to be simultaneously considered
Uticaj veštačke inteligencije na položaj osoba sa invaliditetom
No full textVeštačka inteligencija je danas postala sveprisutna i svojim delovanjem značajno transformiše svakodnevni život ljudi. U ovom radu analizira se uticaj veštačke inteligencije na položaj i prava osoba sa invaliditetom, polazeći od definicije veštačke inteligencije i razmatranja kako je regulisana u međunarodnim instrumentima. Nakon toga rad se fokusira na uticaj veštačke inteligencije na prava garantovana Konvencijom UN o pravima osoba sa invaliditetom, a zatim se ukazuje na neke od trenutnih inovacija koje doprinose poboljšanju položaja kvaliteta života osoba sa invaliditetom. U drugom delu rada istražuju se dileme i izazovi koje donosi veštačka inteligencija a koji naročito mogu pogoditi osobe sa invaliditetom, te se preporučuje razvoj regulatornih okvira, smernica i politika kako bi se osiguralo poštovanje njihovih prava, dostojanstva i interesa. Zaključna razmatranja ukazuju na ključnu ulogu veštačke inteligencije u stvaranju inkluzivnog društva, ali se naglašava i potreba za odgovornim regulisanjem kako bi se sprečile negativne posledice na prava ove ranjive grupe osoba
Ali Dibo, ou l'affaire İSMEK
No full textAli Dibo (1864-1936) était un commerçant de poissons d'Antioche, exportant à Alep, en Syrie et en Egypte. Ce riche commerçant était aussi connu pour sa générosité, d'où l'expression « Ali Dibo şirketi misin ki, bu kadar cömertsin? ». Aujourd'hui, ce nom symbolise la générosité des acteurs politiques dans l'octroi de marchés publics à certains milieux proches. Après l'affaire Ali Dibo à Antioche dans le courant du mois de juin, où le député AKP, Mehmet Eraslan, s'est fait radié de son parti po..
Ali Dibo, ou l'affaire İSMEK
No full textAli Dibo (1864-1936) était un commerçant de poissons d'Antioche, exportant à Alep, en Syrie et en Egypte. Ce riche commerçant était aussi connu pour sa générosité, d'où l'expression « Ali Dibo şirketi misin ki, bu kadar cömertsin? ». Aujourd'hui, ce nom symbolise la générosité des acteurs politiques dans l'octroi de marchés publics à certains milieux proches. Après l'affaire Ali Dibo à Antioche dans le courant du mois de juin, où le député AKP, Mehmet Eraslan, s'est fait radié de son parti po..
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